OPTIMUM INSULATION THICKNESS FOR COLD STORAGE WALLS: CASE STUDY FOR TURKEY

Abstract

Cold storage have heat gain resulting from walls, roof, lighting, human, cooled products, and infiltration. The biggest of these gains is the heat gain through the walls. In this study, the optimum insulation thickness which should be used on the walls of cold storage was calculated. Calculations were made for 5 cities of Turkey (Izmir, Istanbul, Ankara, Sivas, and Erzurum) with different degree-day values. Extruded polystyrene (XPS), Expanded polystyrene (EPS), glass wool, rock wool, polyurethane were chosen as insulants to be used on the walls. Cooling degree-day values of the selected cities were calculated by using the average external temperature of the cities and the cold storage temperature (4, 0, -5, -10, -15, -20, -25 and -30°C). Calculations were repeated for different cold storage temperature values, and optimum insulation thicknesses that should be used for each temperature were found. In addition, energy savings and payback periods when optimum insulation thickness is used were also calculated.

Keywords

• Cold Storage
• Optimum Insulation Thickness
• Energy Saving
• Thermo-Economic Analysis
• Mathematical Modeling
• Thermal Insulation

References

1. [1] Özel M. Effect of insulation location on dynamic heat-transfer characteristics of building external walls and optimization of insulation thickness. Energy and Buildings 2014;72:288-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.11.015
2. [2] Güllüce H, Karslı S, Saraç H. Konutlarda Yalıtım Kalınlıklarının Artırılmasının Enerji Tasarrufuna Etkisi. Ulusal İklimlendirme Kongresi 18-20 Nov. 2011, Antalya, Turkey.
3. [3] Yılmaz Hİ. Soğuk Hava Depolarında Kullanılan Farklı Yapı Malzemelerin Yalıtım ve Enerji Tasarrufu Özellikleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Karşılaştırmalı Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Fruit Research Institute 2017;1: 154-160. ISSN: 2148-0036
4. [4] Aytaç A, Aksoy UT. Enerji Tasarrufu İçin Dış Duvarlarda Optimum Yalıtım Kalınlığı ve Isıtma Maliyeti İlişkisi, Journal of Gazi University Faculty of Engineering and Architecture 2006;21:753-758.
5. [5] Kaynaklı Ö, Yamankaradeniz R. Isıtma Süreci ve Optimum Yalıtım Kalınlığı Hesabı. TMMOB Tesisat Mühendisliği Dergisi 2008;104:19-25.
6. [6] Oğulata RG. Sectoral Energy Consumption in Turkey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2002;6: 471-480. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-0321(02)00012-6
7. [7] Kaygusuz K, Kaygusuz A. Energy and Sustainable Development Part II: Environmental İmpacts of Energy Use. Energy Sources 2004;26:1071-1082. https://doi.org/10.1080/00908310490441412
8. [8] Kürekci NA, Bardakçı AT, Çubuk H, Emanet Ö. Türkiye’nin Tüm İlleri İçin Optimum Yalıtım Kalınlığının Belirlenmesi. TMMOB Tesisat Mühendisliği Dergisi 2012;131:5-21.

9. [9] Özkan DB, Onan C. Optimization of insulation thickness for different glazing areas in buildings for various climatic regions in Turkey. Applied Energy 2011;88:1331–1342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.10.025
10. [10] Özel M. Effect of wall orientation on the optimum insulation thickness by using a dynamic method. Applied Energy 2011;88:2429–2435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.049
11. [11] Ashouri M, Astaraei FR, Ghasempour. R, Ahmadi M.H, Feidt M. Optimum insulation thickness determination of a building wall using exergetic life cycle assessment. Applied Thermal Engineering 2016; 106:307–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.05.190
12. [12] Ertürk M, Keçebaş A, Daşdemir A, Kurt H. Isıtma ve Soğutma Uygulamalarında Optimum Yalıtım Kalınlığı ve Enerji Tasarrufu Analizi. 10th International Clean Energy Symposium 24-26 October 2016, p. 496-506. Istanbul, Turkey.
13. [13] Liu X, Chen Y, Ge H, Fazio P, Chen G, Guod X. Determination of optimum insulation thickness for building walls with moisture transfer in hot summer and cold winter zone of China. Energy and Buildings 2015;109:361–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.10.021
14. [14] Dağıdır C, Bolattürk A. Sıcak İklim Bölgelerindeki Binalarda Isıtma ve Soğutma Yüküne Göre Tespit Edilen Optimum Yalıtım Kalınlıklarının Karşılaştırılması. TMMOB Tesisat Mühendisliği Dergisi 2011;124:64-77.
15. [15] Vincelas FFC, Ghislain T. The determination of the most economical combination between external wall and the optimum insulation material in Cameroonian's buildings. Journal of Building Engineering 2017;9:155–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2016.12.008
16. [16] Derradji L, Imessad K, Amara M, Errebai FB. A study on residential energy requirement and the effect of the glazing on the optimum insulation thickness. Applied Thermal Engineering 2017;112:975–985. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.10.116
17. [17] Ozer M. Determination of optimum insulation thickness based on cooling transmission load for building walls in a hot climate. Energy Conversion and Management 2013;66:106–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.10.002
18. [18] Sanea SAA, Zedan MF. Improving thermal performance of building walls by optimizing insulation layer distribution and thickness for same thermal mass. Applied Energy 2011;88:3113–3124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.02.036
19. [19] Daouas N, Hassen Z, Aissia HB. Analytical periodic solution for the study of thermal performance and optimum insulation thickness of building walls in Tunisia. Applied Thermal Engineering 2010;30:319–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.09.009
20. [20] Nematchoua MK, Ricciardi P, Reiter S, Yvon A. A comparative study on optimum insulation thickness of walls and energy savings in equatorial and tropical climate. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment 2017;6:170–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2017.02.001
21. [21] TS 825, Binalarda Isı Yalıtım Kuralları, Turkish Standards Institute, 1998.
22. [22] Parameters of the insulation. www.izocam.com.tr
23. [23] Prices of electricity, 2018. http://enerjienstitusu.de/elektrik-fiyatlari/
24. [24] Inflation rate, Agu. 2018.http://www.tcmb.gov.tr
25. [25] Average external weather temperatures of cities. https://www.mgm.gov.tr
26. [26] Pusat Ş, Ekmekçi İ, Dündar AÇ, Ermiş K, Şen Y. İstanbul İçin Tipik Meteorolojik Yıl ve Derece-Saat Hesabı. 2. Ulusal İklimlendirme Soğutma Eğitimi Sempozyumu ve Sergisi Oct. 23-25 2014, Balıkesir, Turkey.
27. [27] Kumar D, Kumar S, Bhayo BA, Harijan K, Uqali MA. Economic and environmental impacts of thermal insulation used in different duct size. Journal of Thermal Engineering 2020;6:1:141-156. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.672085
28. [28] Kurekci NA, Özcan M. A practical method for determination of economic insulation thickness of steel, plastic and copper hot water pipes. Journal of Thermal Engineering 2020;6:1:72-86. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.671651