Research Article
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Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 5, 697 - 711, 01.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.796753

Abstract

References

  • [1] DeGarmo M., Nelson G.M. Prospective unmanned aerial vehicle operations in the future national airspace system. In Proceedings of AIAA 4th Aviation Technology, Integration and Operations (ATIO) Forum, 2004; 20-23.
  • [2] Gohardani A. A synergistic glance at the prospects of distributed propulsion technology and the electric aircraft concept for future unmanned air vehicles and commercial/military aviation. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2013; 5:25-70.
  • [3] Korchenko A., Illyas O. The Generalized Classification of Unmanned Air Vehicles. In Procedings of IEEE 2nd International Conference “Actual Problems of Unmanned Air Vehicles Developments”. Kyiv, Ukraine. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6700567/;2013 [Accessed 2013]
  • [4] Gupta S.G., Ghonge M.M., Jawandhiya P.M. Review of unmanned aircraft system (UAS). International journal of advanced research in computer engineering and technology (IJARCET), 2013; 2(4):1646-1658. ISSN: 2278-1323.
  • [5] Goraj Z., Frydrychewicz A., Świtkiewicz R., Hernik B., Gadomski J., Goetzendorf-Grabowski T., Figat M., Suchodolski St., Chajec, W. High altitude long endurance unmanned aerial vehicle of a new generation-a design challenge for a low cost, reliable and high performance aircraft. Technical Sciences. 2004; 52(3):173-194.
  • [6] Dinc A. Sizing ofa Turboprop Unmanned Air Vehicle and Its Propulsion System. Journal of Thermal Science and Technology. 2015; 35(2): 53-62.
  • [7] Dinc A. Optimization of a turboprop UAV for maximum loiter and specific power using genetic algorithm. International Journal of Turbo and Jet Engines, 2017; 33(3): 265-273.
  • [8] Dinc A. Optimization of turboprop ESFC and NOx emissions for UAV sizing. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology. 2017; 89(3): 375-383.
  • [9] TAI (Turkish Aerospace Industry, Inc.). ANKA Multi-Role ISR. https://www.tai.com.tr/en/project/anka-medium-altitude-long-endurance-uav-system/; 2017, [Accessed 04 August 2017].
  • [10] Predator B RPA. General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc.http://www.ga-asi.com/predator-b/;2017, [Accessed 04 August 2017].
  • [11] Predator C Avenger RPA. General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc. http://www.ga-asi.com/predator-c-avenger./; 2017, [Accessed 04 August 2017].
  • [12] Liu F., Sirignano W.A. Turbojet and turbofan engine performance increases through turbine burners. Jet Propulsion Power, 2001; 17(3): 695–705.
  • [13] Balli O., Aras H., Aras N., Hepbasli A. Exergetic and exergoeconomic analysis of an Aircraft Jet Engine (AJE). International Journal of Exergy. 2008; 5(5/6): 567–581.
  • [14] Turgut E.T., Karakoc T.H., Hepbasli A. Exergoeconomic analysis of an aircraft turbofan engine. International Journal of Exergy. 2009; 6(3): 277-294.
  • [15] Tona C., Raviolo P.A., Pellegrini L.F., Oliveria J.S. Exergy and thermodynamic analysis of a turbofan engine during a typicalcommercial flight. Energy. 2010; 35(2): 952-959.
  • [16] Turan O. Exergetic effects of some design parameters on the small turbojet engine for unmanned air vehicle applications. Energy. 2012; 46(1): 51-61.
  • [17] Aydin H., Turan O., Karakoc T.H., Midilli A. Component-based exergetic measures of the an experimental turboprop/turboshaft engine for propeller aircrafts and helicopters. International Jornal of Exergy. 2012; 11(3): 322-348.
  • [18] Aydin H., Turan, O., Midilli, A., Karakoc T.H. Exergetic and exergoeconomic analysis of a turboprop engine: A case study for CT7-9C. International Journal of Exergy. 2012; 11(1): 69-82.
  • [19] Balli, O., Hepbasli A. Energetic and exergetic analyses of T-56 Turboprop engine. Energy Conversion and Management. 2013; 73:106-120.
  • [20] Hassan, H.Z. Evaluation of the local exergy destruction in the intake and fan of a turbofan engine. Energy. 2013; 63: 245-251.
  • [21] Ehyaei M., Anjiridezfuli A., Rosen, M. Exergetic analysis of an aircraft turbojet engine with an afterburner. Thermal Science. 2013;17(4): 1181-1194.
  • [22] Balli O. Afterburning effect on the energetic and exergetic performance ofan experimental turbojet engine (TJE) with afterburner. International Journal of Exergy. 2014; 14(2): 205-236.
  • [23] Abu Talib A., Gires E., Ahmad, M. Performance evaluation of a small-scale turbojet engine running on Palm Oil Biodiesel blends. Journal of Fuels. ID 946485, 9 pages, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/946485/; 2014; [Accessed 2014].
  • [24] Turan O., Aydin H., Karakoc T.H., Midilli A. Some exergetic measures of a JT8D turbofan engine. Journal of Automobile Control Engineering. 2014; 2: 110-114.
  • [25] Tai V.C., See P.C., Mares C. Optimisation of energy and exergy of turbofan engines using genetic algorithms. International Journal of Sustainable Aviation. 2014; 1: 25-42.
  • [26] Baklacioglu T., Turan O., Aydin H. Dynamic modeling of exergy efficiency of turboprop engine components using hybrid genetic algorithm-artificial neural networks. Energy. 2015; 86: 709-721.
  • [27] Lokesh K., Sethi V., Nikolaidis T., Goodger E., Nalianda D. Life cycle greenhouse gas analysis of biojet fuels with a technical investigation into their impact on jet engine performance. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2015; 77: 26-44.
  • [28] Sohret Y., Dinc A., Karakoc T.H. Exergy analysis of a turbofan engine for an unmanned aerial vehicle during a surveillance mission. Energy. 2015; 93: 716-729.
  • [29] Sohret Y., Sogut M., Karakoc T.H., Turan O. Customized application of exergy analysis method to PW120A turboprop engine for performance evaluation. International Journal of Exergy. 2016; 20(1): 48-65.
  • [30] Sohret Y. Exergo-sustainability analysis and ecological function of a simple gas turbine aero-engine. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2018; 4(4): 2083-2093.
  • [31] Coban K., Colpan C.O., Karakoc T.H. Energy and exergy analysis of an helicopter engine. Journal of Sustainable Aviation Researches. 2016; 1(1): 27-39.
  • [32] Coban K., Sohret Y., Colpan C.O., Karakoc, T.H. Exergetic and exergoeconomic assessment of a small-scale turbojet fuelled with biodiesel. Energy. 2017; 140: 1358-1367.
  • [33] Ekici S., Sohret Y., Coban K., Altuntas O., Karakoc, T.H. Performance Evaluation of an Experimental Turbojet Engine. International Journal of Turbo&Jet Engines. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2016-0016/;2016 [Accessed 2016].
  • [34] Yucer C.T. Exergetic sustainability assessment of a gas generator turbine jet engine at part loads. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A- Applied Sciences and Engineering. 2017; 18(5): 1018-1030.
  • [35] Yalcin E.Thrust Performance evaluation of a turbofan engine based on exergetic approach and thrust management in aircraft. International Journal of Turbo& Jet Engines. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2015-0065/;2017 [Accessed 2017].
  • [36] Bejan A., Siems D. The need for exergy analysis and thermodynamic optimization in aircraft development. Exergy, An International Journal. 2001; 1(1): 14-24.
  • [37] Riggins D., Taylor T., Moorhouse D. Methodology for Performance Analysis of Aerospace Vehicles Using the Laws of Thermodynamics. Journal Of Aircraft. 2006; 43(4): 953-963.
  • [38] Bejan A., Mamut E. Thermodynamic optimization of complex energy systems. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1999.
  • [39] Jawad H., Jaber M., Bonney M., Rosen M. Deriving an exergetic economic production quantity model for better sustainability. Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2016; 40(11-12): 6026-6039.
  • [40] Koten H., Unal F., Temir G. Energy, exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of solar aaisted vertical ground source heat pump system for heating season. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology. 2018; 32(8): 150-156.
  • [41] Bejan A., Tsatsaronis G., Moran M. Thermal design and optimization. New York, N.Y: John Wiley. 1996.
  • [42] Balli O. Advanced Exergy Analysis of a Turbofan Engine (TFE): Splitting Exergy Destruction into Unavoidable/Avoidable and Endogenous/Exogenous. International Journal Of Turbo&Jet Engines. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2016-0074. 2017, [Accessed 2017].
  • [43] Dincer I., Rosen M.A. Exergy: energy, environment and sustainable development. Elsevier. 2007.
  • [44] Balli O. Advanced exergy analyses of an aircraft turboprop engine (TPE). Energy. 2017; 124: 599-612.
  • [45] Balli O. Advanced exergy analyses to evaluate the performance of a military aircraft turbojet engine (TJE) with afterburner system: Splitting exergy destruction into unavoidable/avoidable and endogenous/exogenous. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2017; 111: 152-169.
  • [46] Vafaei A. Aliehyaei M.A. Optimization of micro gas turbine by economic, exergy and environment analysis using genetic, bee colonoy and searching algorithms. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 2020; 6(1):117-140.
  • [47] Balli O. Exergy modeling for evaluating sustainability level of a high by-pass turbofan engine used on commercial aircrafts. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2017; 123:138-155.
  • [48] Aydin H., Turan O., Karakoc T.H., Midilli A. Exergo-sustainability indicators of a turboprop aircraft for the phases of a flight. Energy. 2013; 58:550-560.
  • [49] Balli O., Hepbasli A. Exergetic, exergoeconomic, sustainability and environmental damage cost analyses of T56 turboprop engine. Energy. 2014; 64: 582-600.
  • [50] Balli O. Exergetic, exergoeconomic, sustainability and environmental damage cost analyses of J85 turbojet engine with afterburner. International Journal of Turbo&Jet Engines. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2017-0019/,. 2017, [Accessed 2017].
  • [51] 1.HBFM. 1’st Air Maintenance Factories Directorate. Turbojet and Turboprop Project Document for UAV. 2017.
  • [52] Cengel Y.A., Boles, M.A. Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach. 8th Edition, McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, NY10121. 2015.

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 5, 697 - 711, 01.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.796753

Abstract

This study presents an exergetic and sustainability analyses to assess the performance of a genuine medium scale turboprop engine (m-TPE) used on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The exergy efficiency of the engine is obtained to be 17.24% whereas the exergy efficiencies of the compressor, the combustor, the gas generator turbine, the gas generator turbine mechanical shaft, the power turbine, the power turbine mechanical shaft and the exhaust duct are found to be 87.21%, 52.51%, 98.53%, 98.60%, 97.40%, 98.00%, and 94.29%, respectively. From the viewpoint of thermodynamics, the combustor is determined to be the bad factor on the engine performance among the engine components. According to overall engine analysis, the environmental effect factor, exergetic sustainability index, sustainable efficiency factor and ecological effect factor of m-TPE are found to be 4.80, 0.21, 1.21, and 5.80, respectively.

References

  • [1] DeGarmo M., Nelson G.M. Prospective unmanned aerial vehicle operations in the future national airspace system. In Proceedings of AIAA 4th Aviation Technology, Integration and Operations (ATIO) Forum, 2004; 20-23.
  • [2] Gohardani A. A synergistic glance at the prospects of distributed propulsion technology and the electric aircraft concept for future unmanned air vehicles and commercial/military aviation. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2013; 5:25-70.
  • [3] Korchenko A., Illyas O. The Generalized Classification of Unmanned Air Vehicles. In Procedings of IEEE 2nd International Conference “Actual Problems of Unmanned Air Vehicles Developments”. Kyiv, Ukraine. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6700567/;2013 [Accessed 2013]
  • [4] Gupta S.G., Ghonge M.M., Jawandhiya P.M. Review of unmanned aircraft system (UAS). International journal of advanced research in computer engineering and technology (IJARCET), 2013; 2(4):1646-1658. ISSN: 2278-1323.
  • [5] Goraj Z., Frydrychewicz A., Świtkiewicz R., Hernik B., Gadomski J., Goetzendorf-Grabowski T., Figat M., Suchodolski St., Chajec, W. High altitude long endurance unmanned aerial vehicle of a new generation-a design challenge for a low cost, reliable and high performance aircraft. Technical Sciences. 2004; 52(3):173-194.
  • [6] Dinc A. Sizing ofa Turboprop Unmanned Air Vehicle and Its Propulsion System. Journal of Thermal Science and Technology. 2015; 35(2): 53-62.
  • [7] Dinc A. Optimization of a turboprop UAV for maximum loiter and specific power using genetic algorithm. International Journal of Turbo and Jet Engines, 2017; 33(3): 265-273.
  • [8] Dinc A. Optimization of turboprop ESFC and NOx emissions for UAV sizing. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology. 2017; 89(3): 375-383.
  • [9] TAI (Turkish Aerospace Industry, Inc.). ANKA Multi-Role ISR. https://www.tai.com.tr/en/project/anka-medium-altitude-long-endurance-uav-system/; 2017, [Accessed 04 August 2017].
  • [10] Predator B RPA. General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc.http://www.ga-asi.com/predator-b/;2017, [Accessed 04 August 2017].
  • [11] Predator C Avenger RPA. General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc. http://www.ga-asi.com/predator-c-avenger./; 2017, [Accessed 04 August 2017].
  • [12] Liu F., Sirignano W.A. Turbojet and turbofan engine performance increases through turbine burners. Jet Propulsion Power, 2001; 17(3): 695–705.
  • [13] Balli O., Aras H., Aras N., Hepbasli A. Exergetic and exergoeconomic analysis of an Aircraft Jet Engine (AJE). International Journal of Exergy. 2008; 5(5/6): 567–581.
  • [14] Turgut E.T., Karakoc T.H., Hepbasli A. Exergoeconomic analysis of an aircraft turbofan engine. International Journal of Exergy. 2009; 6(3): 277-294.
  • [15] Tona C., Raviolo P.A., Pellegrini L.F., Oliveria J.S. Exergy and thermodynamic analysis of a turbofan engine during a typicalcommercial flight. Energy. 2010; 35(2): 952-959.
  • [16] Turan O. Exergetic effects of some design parameters on the small turbojet engine for unmanned air vehicle applications. Energy. 2012; 46(1): 51-61.
  • [17] Aydin H., Turan O., Karakoc T.H., Midilli A. Component-based exergetic measures of the an experimental turboprop/turboshaft engine for propeller aircrafts and helicopters. International Jornal of Exergy. 2012; 11(3): 322-348.
  • [18] Aydin H., Turan, O., Midilli, A., Karakoc T.H. Exergetic and exergoeconomic analysis of a turboprop engine: A case study for CT7-9C. International Journal of Exergy. 2012; 11(1): 69-82.
  • [19] Balli, O., Hepbasli A. Energetic and exergetic analyses of T-56 Turboprop engine. Energy Conversion and Management. 2013; 73:106-120.
  • [20] Hassan, H.Z. Evaluation of the local exergy destruction in the intake and fan of a turbofan engine. Energy. 2013; 63: 245-251.
  • [21] Ehyaei M., Anjiridezfuli A., Rosen, M. Exergetic analysis of an aircraft turbojet engine with an afterburner. Thermal Science. 2013;17(4): 1181-1194.
  • [22] Balli O. Afterburning effect on the energetic and exergetic performance ofan experimental turbojet engine (TJE) with afterburner. International Journal of Exergy. 2014; 14(2): 205-236.
  • [23] Abu Talib A., Gires E., Ahmad, M. Performance evaluation of a small-scale turbojet engine running on Palm Oil Biodiesel blends. Journal of Fuels. ID 946485, 9 pages, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/946485/; 2014; [Accessed 2014].
  • [24] Turan O., Aydin H., Karakoc T.H., Midilli A. Some exergetic measures of a JT8D turbofan engine. Journal of Automobile Control Engineering. 2014; 2: 110-114.
  • [25] Tai V.C., See P.C., Mares C. Optimisation of energy and exergy of turbofan engines using genetic algorithms. International Journal of Sustainable Aviation. 2014; 1: 25-42.
  • [26] Baklacioglu T., Turan O., Aydin H. Dynamic modeling of exergy efficiency of turboprop engine components using hybrid genetic algorithm-artificial neural networks. Energy. 2015; 86: 709-721.
  • [27] Lokesh K., Sethi V., Nikolaidis T., Goodger E., Nalianda D. Life cycle greenhouse gas analysis of biojet fuels with a technical investigation into their impact on jet engine performance. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2015; 77: 26-44.
  • [28] Sohret Y., Dinc A., Karakoc T.H. Exergy analysis of a turbofan engine for an unmanned aerial vehicle during a surveillance mission. Energy. 2015; 93: 716-729.
  • [29] Sohret Y., Sogut M., Karakoc T.H., Turan O. Customized application of exergy analysis method to PW120A turboprop engine for performance evaluation. International Journal of Exergy. 2016; 20(1): 48-65.
  • [30] Sohret Y. Exergo-sustainability analysis and ecological function of a simple gas turbine aero-engine. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2018; 4(4): 2083-2093.
  • [31] Coban K., Colpan C.O., Karakoc T.H. Energy and exergy analysis of an helicopter engine. Journal of Sustainable Aviation Researches. 2016; 1(1): 27-39.
  • [32] Coban K., Sohret Y., Colpan C.O., Karakoc, T.H. Exergetic and exergoeconomic assessment of a small-scale turbojet fuelled with biodiesel. Energy. 2017; 140: 1358-1367.
  • [33] Ekici S., Sohret Y., Coban K., Altuntas O., Karakoc, T.H. Performance Evaluation of an Experimental Turbojet Engine. International Journal of Turbo&Jet Engines. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2016-0016/;2016 [Accessed 2016].
  • [34] Yucer C.T. Exergetic sustainability assessment of a gas generator turbine jet engine at part loads. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A- Applied Sciences and Engineering. 2017; 18(5): 1018-1030.
  • [35] Yalcin E.Thrust Performance evaluation of a turbofan engine based on exergetic approach and thrust management in aircraft. International Journal of Turbo& Jet Engines. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2015-0065/;2017 [Accessed 2017].
  • [36] Bejan A., Siems D. The need for exergy analysis and thermodynamic optimization in aircraft development. Exergy, An International Journal. 2001; 1(1): 14-24.
  • [37] Riggins D., Taylor T., Moorhouse D. Methodology for Performance Analysis of Aerospace Vehicles Using the Laws of Thermodynamics. Journal Of Aircraft. 2006; 43(4): 953-963.
  • [38] Bejan A., Mamut E. Thermodynamic optimization of complex energy systems. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1999.
  • [39] Jawad H., Jaber M., Bonney M., Rosen M. Deriving an exergetic economic production quantity model for better sustainability. Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2016; 40(11-12): 6026-6039.
  • [40] Koten H., Unal F., Temir G. Energy, exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of solar aaisted vertical ground source heat pump system for heating season. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology. 2018; 32(8): 150-156.
  • [41] Bejan A., Tsatsaronis G., Moran M. Thermal design and optimization. New York, N.Y: John Wiley. 1996.
  • [42] Balli O. Advanced Exergy Analysis of a Turbofan Engine (TFE): Splitting Exergy Destruction into Unavoidable/Avoidable and Endogenous/Exogenous. International Journal Of Turbo&Jet Engines. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2016-0074. 2017, [Accessed 2017].
  • [43] Dincer I., Rosen M.A. Exergy: energy, environment and sustainable development. Elsevier. 2007.
  • [44] Balli O. Advanced exergy analyses of an aircraft turboprop engine (TPE). Energy. 2017; 124: 599-612.
  • [45] Balli O. Advanced exergy analyses to evaluate the performance of a military aircraft turbojet engine (TJE) with afterburner system: Splitting exergy destruction into unavoidable/avoidable and endogenous/exogenous. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2017; 111: 152-169.
  • [46] Vafaei A. Aliehyaei M.A. Optimization of micro gas turbine by economic, exergy and environment analysis using genetic, bee colonoy and searching algorithms. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 2020; 6(1):117-140.
  • [47] Balli O. Exergy modeling for evaluating sustainability level of a high by-pass turbofan engine used on commercial aircrafts. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2017; 123:138-155.
  • [48] Aydin H., Turan O., Karakoc T.H., Midilli A. Exergo-sustainability indicators of a turboprop aircraft for the phases of a flight. Energy. 2013; 58:550-560.
  • [49] Balli O., Hepbasli A. Exergetic, exergoeconomic, sustainability and environmental damage cost analyses of T56 turboprop engine. Energy. 2014; 64: 582-600.
  • [50] Balli O. Exergetic, exergoeconomic, sustainability and environmental damage cost analyses of J85 turbojet engine with afterburner. International Journal of Turbo&Jet Engines. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2017-0019/,. 2017, [Accessed 2017].
  • [51] 1.HBFM. 1’st Air Maintenance Factories Directorate. Turbojet and Turboprop Project Document for UAV. 2017.
  • [52] Cengel Y.A., Boles, M.A. Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach. 8th Edition, McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, NY10121. 2015.
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özgür Ballı This is me 0000-0001-6465-8387

Publication Date October 1, 2020
Submission Date September 22, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 6 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Ballı, Ö. (2020). PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 6(5), 697-711. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.796753
AMA Ballı Ö. PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS. Journal of Thermal Engineering. October 2020;6(5):697-711. doi:10.18186/thermal.796753
Chicago Ballı, Özgür. “PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 6, no. 5 (October 2020): 697-711. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.796753.
EndNote Ballı Ö (October 1, 2020) PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS. Journal of Thermal Engineering 6 5 697–711.
IEEE Ö. Ballı, “PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 697–711, 2020, doi: 10.18186/thermal.796753.
ISNAD Ballı, Özgür. “PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 6/5 (October 2020), 697-711. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.796753.
JAMA Ballı Ö. PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2020;6:697–711.
MLA Ballı, Özgür. “PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS”. Journal of Thermal Engineering, vol. 6, no. 5, 2020, pp. 697-11, doi:10.18186/thermal.796753.
Vancouver Ballı Ö. PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A MEDIUM-SCALE TURBOPROP ENGINE DESIGNED FOR UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV) BASED ON EXERGETIC AND SUSTAINABILITY METRICS. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2020;6(5):697-711.

IMPORTANT NOTE: JOURNAL SUBMISSION LINK http://eds.yildiz.edu.tr/journal-of-thermal-engineering