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Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 984 - 999, 01.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.931348

Abstract

References

  • [1] Davidson P. Introduction to magneto hydrodynamic. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2001.
  • [2] Müller U, Bühler L. Magnetofluiddynamics in Channels and Containers. Springer; 2001.
  • [3] Oreper G.M, Szekely J. The effect of an externally imposed magnetic field on buoyancy driven flow in a rectangular cavity. Journal of Crystal Growth 1983;64: 505- 515.https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(83)90335-4.
  • [4] Okada K, Ozoe H. Experimental Heat Transfer Rates of Natural Convection of Molten Gallium Suppressed Under an External Magnetic Field in Either the X, Y, or Z Direction. Journal of Heat Transfer 1992;114,1: 107-114. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2911234.
  • [5] Tagawa T, Ozoe H. Enhancement of Heat Transfer Rate by Application of a Static Magnetic Field during Natural Convection of Liquid Metal in a Cube. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer 1997;119: 265–271. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2824219.
  • [6] Tagawa T, Ozoe H. Enhanced Heat Transfer Rate Measured for Natural Convection in Liquid Gallium in a Cubical Enclosure Under a Static Magnetic Field. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer 1998;120: 265–271. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2825886.
  • [7] Fukui H, Kakimoto K, Ozoe H. The convection under an axial magnetic field in a Czochralski configuration WIT Transactions on Engineering Sciences 1998;20: 135-144. https://doi.org/10.2495/HT980141.
  • [8] Akamatsu M, Higano M, Ozoe H. Conventional mode and electrical field in silicon melts under vertical, horizontal, and rotating magnetic field. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications 2002; 42:1-2, 33-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407780290059413.
  • [9] Gorbunov L.A. Effect of thermo-electromagnetic convection on the production of bulk single-crystals consisting of semiconductor melts in a constant magnetic field. Magnetohydrodynamics 1987;23 4: 404–407. OSTI ID: 6164325.
  • [10] Kaneda M, Tagawa T, Ozoe H. Natural convection of liquid metal in a cube with Seebeck effect under a magnetic field. International Journal of Transport Phenomena 2002; 4,3:181–191. https://doi.org/10.1142/9781860947124_0006.
  • [11] Ezaki K, Kaneda M, Tagawa T, Ozoe H. Numerical Computation for the Melt Convection of the Model System of Continuous Steel Casting with Various Magnetic Fields.ISIJ International 2003; 43 6, 907–914. https://doi.org/1010.2355/isijinternational.43.907.
  • [12] Juel A, Mullin T, Ben Hadid H, Daniel Henry. Magnetohydrodynamic convection in molten gallium. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 1999;378: 97-118. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112098003061.
  • [13] Hof B, Juel A, Mullin T. Magneto hydrodynamic damping of convective flows in molten gallium. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 2003; 482: 163–179.
  • [14] Xu B, Li B.Q, Stock D.E. An experimental study of thermally induced convection of molten gallium in magnetic fields. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2006;49: 2009–2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.11.033.
  • [15] Dash S. C, Singh N. Study of axisymmetric nature in 3D swirling flow in a cylindrical annulus with a top rotating lid under the influence of the axial temperature gradient or axial magnetic field. Journal of Thermal Engineering 2017;3(6) , Special Issue 6: 1588-1606. https://doi.org/10.18186/journal-of-thermal-engineering.353737.
  • [16] Sarris I. E, Iatridis A. I, Dritselis C. D, Vlachos N. S. Magnetic field effect on the cooling of a low-Pr fluid in a vertical cylinder. Physics of fluids, 2010; 22, 017101-1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3291074.
  • [17] Rashidi M, Nasiri M, Khezerloo M, Laraqi N. Numerical investigation of magnetic field effect on mixed convection heat transfer of nanofluid in a channel with sinusoidal walls. J Magn Mater 2016;401:159–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.10.034.
  • [18] Sampath R, Zabaras N, Numerical Study of Convection in the Directional Solidification of a Binary Alloy Driven by the Combined Action of Buoyancy, Surface Tension, and Electromagnetic Forces. Journal of Computational Physics 2001;168: 384–411. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcph.2001.6706.
  • [19] Charmchi M, Zhang H, Li W, Faghri M. Solidification and melting of gallium in presence of magnetic field-experimental simulation of low gravity environment. 2004; IMECE2004-62365 Heat Transfer, 3: 581-589. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2004-62365.
  • [20] Sankar M, Venkatachalappa M, Shivakumara I.S. Effect of magnetic field on natural convection in a vertical cylindrical annulus. International Journal of Engineering Science 2006; 44: 1556–1570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2006.06.004.
  • [21] Wrobel W, Wajs E. F, Szmyd J. S. Experimental and numerical analysis of thermo-magnetic convection in a vertical annular enclosure. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 2010; 31: 1019–1031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2010.05.012.
  • [22] Afrand M, Toghraie D, Karimipour A, Wongwises S. A numerical study of natural convection in a vertical annulus filled with gallium in the presence of magnetic field. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2017;430: 22–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2017.01.016.
  • [23] Bendjaghlouli A, Mahfoud B, Ameziani D.E. Magnetohydrodynamic flow in a truncated conical enclosure. Journal of Thermal Engineering 2019;5(2) , Special Issue 9: 77-83. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.532133.
  • [24] Bakar N. A, Karimipour A, Roslan R. Effect of Magnetic Field on Mixed Convection Heat Transfer in a Lid-Driven Square Cavity. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of thermodynamics 2016;http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3487182.
  • [25] Zahmatkesh I, Ardakani R. A. Effect of magnetic field orientation on nanofluid free convection in a porous cavity: a heat visualation study. Journal of Thermal Engineering 2020;6(1):170-186. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.672297.
  • [26] Patankar S.V. Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corp, Taylor & Francis; 1980
  • [27] Shercliff A. The flow of conducting fluids in circular pipes under transverse magnetic fields. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1956; 1: 644–666. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112056000421.
  • [28] Sarrisa I. E,Zikosa G. K, Grecosa A. P, Vlachos N. S. On the Limits of Validity of the Low Magnetic Reynolds Number Approximation in MHD Natural-Convection Heat Transfer. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B,2006;50: 157-180. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407790500459403.

NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 984 - 999, 01.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.931348

Abstract

In the present numerical study, the effect of an external horizontal magnetic field on the natural convection of an electrically conducting molten metal (gallium) inside a vertical cylindrical crucible has been investigated. The effect of the external magnetic field is evaluated on the flow pattern and also the temperature field of molten gallium in the mold with an aspect ratio of A=1.0 and a radii ratio of λ=3.0. A series of simulations are carried out for Hartmann numbers of 0, 22.5, 112, and 167 and Rayleigh numbers of 104, 105, and 106. The obtained results show that for a given Rayleigh number, increasing the Hartmann number suppresses convection flows in all directions with different intensities. Moreover, it was found that the employed horizontal magnetic field leads to vanishing the axisymmetric pattern of flow structures. This is due to the formation of Roberts and Hartmann layers near the walls parallel (0° and 180°) and normal (90° and 270°) to the magnetic field, respectively. Additionally, it is found that the presence of the magnetic field results in the reduction of convection heat transfer. This reduction is lower in the 90° and 270° directions due to the development of Roberts layers near the walls parallel to an external magnetic field. Finally, the numerical results have been validated against the published reliable data.

References

  • [1] Davidson P. Introduction to magneto hydrodynamic. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2001.
  • [2] Müller U, Bühler L. Magnetofluiddynamics in Channels and Containers. Springer; 2001.
  • [3] Oreper G.M, Szekely J. The effect of an externally imposed magnetic field on buoyancy driven flow in a rectangular cavity. Journal of Crystal Growth 1983;64: 505- 515.https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(83)90335-4.
  • [4] Okada K, Ozoe H. Experimental Heat Transfer Rates of Natural Convection of Molten Gallium Suppressed Under an External Magnetic Field in Either the X, Y, or Z Direction. Journal of Heat Transfer 1992;114,1: 107-114. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2911234.
  • [5] Tagawa T, Ozoe H. Enhancement of Heat Transfer Rate by Application of a Static Magnetic Field during Natural Convection of Liquid Metal in a Cube. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer 1997;119: 265–271. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2824219.
  • [6] Tagawa T, Ozoe H. Enhanced Heat Transfer Rate Measured for Natural Convection in Liquid Gallium in a Cubical Enclosure Under a Static Magnetic Field. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer 1998;120: 265–271. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2825886.
  • [7] Fukui H, Kakimoto K, Ozoe H. The convection under an axial magnetic field in a Czochralski configuration WIT Transactions on Engineering Sciences 1998;20: 135-144. https://doi.org/10.2495/HT980141.
  • [8] Akamatsu M, Higano M, Ozoe H. Conventional mode and electrical field in silicon melts under vertical, horizontal, and rotating magnetic field. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications 2002; 42:1-2, 33-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407780290059413.
  • [9] Gorbunov L.A. Effect of thermo-electromagnetic convection on the production of bulk single-crystals consisting of semiconductor melts in a constant magnetic field. Magnetohydrodynamics 1987;23 4: 404–407. OSTI ID: 6164325.
  • [10] Kaneda M, Tagawa T, Ozoe H. Natural convection of liquid metal in a cube with Seebeck effect under a magnetic field. International Journal of Transport Phenomena 2002; 4,3:181–191. https://doi.org/10.1142/9781860947124_0006.
  • [11] Ezaki K, Kaneda M, Tagawa T, Ozoe H. Numerical Computation for the Melt Convection of the Model System of Continuous Steel Casting with Various Magnetic Fields.ISIJ International 2003; 43 6, 907–914. https://doi.org/1010.2355/isijinternational.43.907.
  • [12] Juel A, Mullin T, Ben Hadid H, Daniel Henry. Magnetohydrodynamic convection in molten gallium. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 1999;378: 97-118. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112098003061.
  • [13] Hof B, Juel A, Mullin T. Magneto hydrodynamic damping of convective flows in molten gallium. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 2003; 482: 163–179.
  • [14] Xu B, Li B.Q, Stock D.E. An experimental study of thermally induced convection of molten gallium in magnetic fields. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2006;49: 2009–2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.11.033.
  • [15] Dash S. C, Singh N. Study of axisymmetric nature in 3D swirling flow in a cylindrical annulus with a top rotating lid under the influence of the axial temperature gradient or axial magnetic field. Journal of Thermal Engineering 2017;3(6) , Special Issue 6: 1588-1606. https://doi.org/10.18186/journal-of-thermal-engineering.353737.
  • [16] Sarris I. E, Iatridis A. I, Dritselis C. D, Vlachos N. S. Magnetic field effect on the cooling of a low-Pr fluid in a vertical cylinder. Physics of fluids, 2010; 22, 017101-1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3291074.
  • [17] Rashidi M, Nasiri M, Khezerloo M, Laraqi N. Numerical investigation of magnetic field effect on mixed convection heat transfer of nanofluid in a channel with sinusoidal walls. J Magn Mater 2016;401:159–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.10.034.
  • [18] Sampath R, Zabaras N, Numerical Study of Convection in the Directional Solidification of a Binary Alloy Driven by the Combined Action of Buoyancy, Surface Tension, and Electromagnetic Forces. Journal of Computational Physics 2001;168: 384–411. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcph.2001.6706.
  • [19] Charmchi M, Zhang H, Li W, Faghri M. Solidification and melting of gallium in presence of magnetic field-experimental simulation of low gravity environment. 2004; IMECE2004-62365 Heat Transfer, 3: 581-589. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2004-62365.
  • [20] Sankar M, Venkatachalappa M, Shivakumara I.S. Effect of magnetic field on natural convection in a vertical cylindrical annulus. International Journal of Engineering Science 2006; 44: 1556–1570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2006.06.004.
  • [21] Wrobel W, Wajs E. F, Szmyd J. S. Experimental and numerical analysis of thermo-magnetic convection in a vertical annular enclosure. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 2010; 31: 1019–1031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2010.05.012.
  • [22] Afrand M, Toghraie D, Karimipour A, Wongwises S. A numerical study of natural convection in a vertical annulus filled with gallium in the presence of magnetic field. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2017;430: 22–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2017.01.016.
  • [23] Bendjaghlouli A, Mahfoud B, Ameziani D.E. Magnetohydrodynamic flow in a truncated conical enclosure. Journal of Thermal Engineering 2019;5(2) , Special Issue 9: 77-83. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.532133.
  • [24] Bakar N. A, Karimipour A, Roslan R. Effect of Magnetic Field on Mixed Convection Heat Transfer in a Lid-Driven Square Cavity. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of thermodynamics 2016;http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3487182.
  • [25] Zahmatkesh I, Ardakani R. A. Effect of magnetic field orientation on nanofluid free convection in a porous cavity: a heat visualation study. Journal of Thermal Engineering 2020;6(1):170-186. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.672297.
  • [26] Patankar S.V. Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corp, Taylor & Francis; 1980
  • [27] Shercliff A. The flow of conducting fluids in circular pipes under transverse magnetic fields. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1956; 1: 644–666. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112056000421.
  • [28] Sarrisa I. E,Zikosa G. K, Grecosa A. P, Vlachos N. S. On the Limits of Validity of the Low Magnetic Reynolds Number Approximation in MHD Natural-Convection Heat Transfer. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B,2006;50: 157-180. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407790500459403.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Vahid Ahmadpour This is me 0000-0003-0554-056X

Sajad Rezazadeh This is me 0000-0002-9436-3798

Iraj Mirzaei This is me 0000-0003-0907-1369

A.h. Mosaffa This is me 0000-0003-2755-8963

Publication Date May 1, 2021
Submission Date April 13, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Ahmadpour, V., Rezazadeh, S., Mirzaei, I., Mosaffa, A. (2021). NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 7(4), 984-999. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.931348
AMA Ahmadpour V, Rezazadeh S, Mirzaei I, Mosaffa A. NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS. Journal of Thermal Engineering. May 2021;7(4):984-999. doi:10.18186/thermal.931348
Chicago Ahmadpour, Vahid, Sajad Rezazadeh, Iraj Mirzaei, and A.h. Mosaffa. “NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 7, no. 4 (May 2021): 984-99. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.931348.
EndNote Ahmadpour V, Rezazadeh S, Mirzaei I, Mosaffa A (May 1, 2021) NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS. Journal of Thermal Engineering 7 4 984–999.
IEEE V. Ahmadpour, S. Rezazadeh, I. Mirzaei, and A. Mosaffa, “NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 984–999, 2021, doi: 10.18186/thermal.931348.
ISNAD Ahmadpour, Vahid et al. “NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 7/4 (May 2021), 984-999. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.931348.
JAMA Ahmadpour V, Rezazadeh S, Mirzaei I, Mosaffa A. NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2021;7:984–999.
MLA Ahmadpour, Vahid et al. “NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS”. Journal of Thermal Engineering, vol. 7, no. 4, 2021, pp. 984-99, doi:10.18186/thermal.931348.
Vancouver Ahmadpour V, Rezazadeh S, Mirzaei I, Mosaffa A. NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF HORIZONTAL MAGNETIC FIELD EFFECT ON THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF GALLIUM FILLED IN A VERTICAL ANNULUS. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2021;7(4):984-99.

IMPORTANT NOTE: JOURNAL SUBMISSION LINK http://eds.yildiz.edu.tr/journal-of-thermal-engineering