Techno-economic analysis of the feasibility of a hybrid power plant with photovoltaic panels a water treatment station and compressed air energy storage. A case study: Casablanca-Morocco

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 6, 1577 - 1589, 19.11.2024

Youness Masaaf , Youssef Ait El Kadi Fatima Zahra Baghli

Abstract

Due to the growth of population, the energy needs have increased. To address this rise of demand, the increase of share of renewable energy in the energy mix is the solution since it is a sustainable, unlimited and zero greenhouses’ emissions source. However, these resources are characterized by their intermittency. To solve this problem, we need to store the additional energy. One of the most promising technologies is compressed air storage, it has proven useful to store energy during off-peak hours and to reproduce it during peak hours. This paper investigates the feasibility of a hybrid power generation system consisting of a photovoltaics system combined with a compressed air energy storage. The hybrid power system address to compare the system feasibility with and without the energy storage option. The hybrid system is intended to supply power to a water treatment plant. The analysis of the energy profile including consumption, generation, and storage, was performed. The influence of the air storage temperature on the levelized cost of storage and the dependence on the grid energy was studied. The effects of ambient temperature and compressor pressure ratio on various system parameters, such as mass air flow in and out, and system efficiency, have been investigated. The result shows that when the storage temperature is increased from 300 to 800°C, the levelized cost of storage benefit is 0.025$/kWh. The system efficiency decreased from 70% to 28% when increasing the pressure ratio from 2 to 30, while keeping the ambient temperature constant at 300°K. Conversely, it increased from 60% to 64% when raising the ambient temperature from 295°K to 320°K while maintaining the pressure ratio at 3.

Keywords

Compressed Air, Energy Storage, LCOS, Storage Temperature, Water Treatment

References

• [1] Sinsel SR, Riemke RL, Hoffmann VH. Challenges and solution technologies for the integration of variable renewable energy sourcesda review. Renew Energy 2020;145:22712285. [CrossRef]
• [2] Zou C, Zhao Q, Zhang G, Xiong B. Energy revolution: From a fossil energy era to a new energy era. Nat Gas Ind B 2016;3:111. [CrossRef]
• [3] Chen H, Cong TN, Yang W, Tan C, Li Y, Ding Y. Progress in electrical energy storage system: A critical review. Prog Nat Sci 2009;19:291312. [CrossRef]
• [4] Luo X, Wang J, Dooner M, Clarke J. Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation. Appl Energy 2015;137:511536. [CrossRef]
• [5] Jannelli E, Minutillo M, Lubrano Lavadera A, Falcucci G. A small-scale CAES (compressed air energy storage) system for standalone renewable energy power plant for a radio base station: A sizing-design methodology. Energy 2014;78:313322. [CrossRef]
• [6] Ibrahim H, Younes R, Ilinca A, Ramdenee D, Dimitrova M, Perron J, et al. Potential of a hybrid wind-diesel-compressed air system for Nordic remote Canadian areas. Energy Proc 2011;6:795804. [CrossRef]
• [7] Braff WA, Mueller JM, Trancik JE. Value of storage technologies for wind and solar energy. Nat Clim Chang 2016;6:964–969. [CrossRef]
• [8] Harper G, Sommerville R, Kendrick E, Driscoll L, Slater P, Stolkin R, et al. Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles. Nature 2019;575:75–86. [CrossRef]
• [9] Mongird K, Fotedar V, Viswanathan V, Koritarov V, Balducci P, Hadjerioua B, et al. Energy Storage Technology and Cost Characterization Report. July 2019. Available at: https://energystorage.pnnl.gov/pdf/pnnl-28866.pdf. Accessed Oct 11, 2024. [CrossRef]
• [10] Qi Z, Koenig GM. Review Article: Flow battery systems with solid electroactive materials. J Vac Sci Technol B 2017;35:040801. [CrossRef]
• [11] Xing L, Wang J, Dooner M, Clark J. Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation. Appl Energy 2015;137:511–536. [CrossRef]
• [12] Tong Z, Cheng Z, Tong S. A review on the development of compressed air energy storage in China: Technical and economic challenges to commercialization. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2021;135:110178. [CrossRef]
• [13] Venkataramani G, Parankusam P, Ramalingam V, Jihong W. A review on compressed air energy storage – a pathway for smart grid and polygeneration. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;62:895–907. [CrossRef]
• [14] Feng J, Zhang F. Outlook and application analysis of energy storage in power system with high renewable energy penetration. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 2018;121:052064. [CrossRef]
• [15] Li L, Weiguo L, Haojie L, Jianfeng Y, Dusseault M. Compressed air energy storage: Characteristics, basic principles, and geological considerations. Adv Geo-Energy Res 2018;2:135–147. [CrossRef]
• [16] Crotogino F, Quast P. Compressed-air storage caverns at Huntorf. In: Bergman M, editor. Subsurface Space. Vol. 2. Oxford: Pergamon Press; 1980. pp. 593–600. [CrossRef]
• [17] Ding Y, Tong L, Zhang P, Li Y, Radcliffe J, Wang L. Chapter 9 - Liquid Air Energy Storage. Amsterdam: Elsevier Inc; 2016. [CrossRef]
• [18] Vecchi A, Li Y, Ding Y, Mancarella P, Sciacovelli A. Liquid air energy storage (LAES): A review on technology state-of-the-art, integration pathways and future perspectives. Adv Appl Energy 2021;3:100047. [CrossRef]
• [19] Kosowski K, Piwowarski M, Włodarski W, Ziemianski P, Pawlak G. Technical and economic analysis of energy storage in the ´ compressed air technology with low capacity for the production plant. Energy Conver Manage 2023;282:116872. [CrossRef]
• [20] Matos CR, Pereira Da Silva P, Carneiro JF. Economic assessment for compressed air energy storage business model alternatives. Appl Energy 2023;329:120273. [CrossRef]
• [21] Sadeghi S, Askari IB. Prefeasibility techno-economic assessment of a hybrid power plant with photovoltaic, fuel cell and Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES). Energy 2019;168:409424. [CrossRef]
• [22] Cheekatamarla PK, Kassaee S, Abu-Heiba A, Momen AM. Near isothermal compressed air energy storage system in residential and commercial buildings: Techno-economic analysis. Energy 2022;251:123963. [CrossRef]
• [23] Bennett JA, Simpson JG, Qin C, Fittro R, Koenig GM Jr., Andres, et al. Techno-economic analysis of offshore isothermal compressed air energy storage in saline aquifers co-located with wind power. Appl Energy 2021;303:117587. [CrossRef]
• [24] Budt M, Wolf D, Span R, Yan J. A review on compressed air energy storage: basic principles, past milestones and recent developments. Appl Energy 2016;170:250268. [CrossRef]
• [25] Guo H, Xu Y, Huang L, Zhu Y, Liang Q, Chen H. Concise analytical solution and optimization of compressed air energy storage systems with thermal storage. Energy 2022;258:124773. [CrossRef]
• [26] SEIA. Solar Energy. Available at: https://www.seia.org/initiatives/about-solar-energy. Accessed Oct 11, 2024.
• [27] Pwatts. Solar Resource Data. Available at: https://pvwatts.nrel.gov/pvwatts.php. Accessed Oct 11, 2024.
• [28] Yang Q, Li H, Li T, Zhou X. Wind farm layout optimization for levelized cost of energy minimization with combined analytical wake model and hybrid optimization strategy. Energy Conver Manage 2021;248:114778. [CrossRef]
• [29] Khouya A. Levelized costs of energy and hydrogen of wind farms and concentrated photovoltaic thermal systems. A case study in Morocco. Int J Hydrogen Energy 20202;45:31632–31650. [CrossRef]