Solunum Parametrelerinin Organik Atık Arıtımında Kullanım Amaçları

Abstract

Keywords

• -

Solunum Parametrelerinin Organik Atık Arıtımında Kullanım Amaçları

Abstract

Mikroorganizmaların en temel aktivitesi solunum olduğu için, biyolojik sistemlerdeki aktivitenin sayısal olarak ifade edilmesinde en temel gösterge olarak solunum parametreleri kabul edilmektedir. Ayrıca bu parametrelerin işletme süresince anlık olarak ölçülebilmesi, belirlenmesi uzun zaman alan ve pahalı fizikokimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik parametrelere göre daha avantajlı kılmıştır. Bu yazıda solunum parametrelerinin organik atık arıtımında kullanım amaçları sunulmuştur. Bu parametreler inhibisyon testinde, stabilite belirlenmesinde, prosesin izlenmesi/kontrolünde, organik madde karakterizasyonunda, kinetik ve stokiyometrik katsayıların belirlenmesinde ve atığın ısı üretim kapasitesinin belirlenmesinde kullanılır

Keywords

• Solunum Hızı, Oksijen Tüketim Hızı, Oksijen Transfer Hızı, Karbon Dioksit

References

1. Ahtiainen, J., Aalto, M., and Pessala, P., (2003), “Biodegradation of Chemicals in a Standardized Test and in Environmental Conditions”, Chemosphere, 51, 529-537.
2. Aiba, S., and Furuse, H., (1990), “Some Comments on Respiratory Quotient (RQ) Determination From The Analysis of Exit Gas From a Fermentor”, Biotechnology and Bioenginerring, 36, 5, 534-538.
3. Anderlei, T., Zang, W., Papaspyrou, M., and Büchs, J., (2004), “Online Respiration Activity Measurement (OTR, CTR, RQ) in Shake Flasks”, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 17, 187-194.
4. Battersby, N. S., (1997), “The ISO Headspace CO2 Biodegradation Test”, Chemosphere, 34, 8, 1813-1822.
5. Casas Lopez, J. L., Rodriguez Porcel, E. M., Oller Alberola, I., Ballesteros Martin, M. M., Sanchez Perez, J. A., Fernandez Sevilla, J. M, and Chisti, Y., (2006), “Simultaneous Determination of Oxygen Consumption Rate and Volumetriv Oxygen Transfer Coefficient in Pneumatically Agitated Bioreactors”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 1167-1171.
6. Checchi, N., and Marsilli-Libelli, S., (2005), “Reliability of Parameter Estimation in Respirometric Models”, Water Research, 39, 3686-3696.
7. Ekama, G. A., Dold, P. L., and Marais, G. V. R., (1986), “Procedure for Determining Influent COD Fractions and The Maximum Specific Growth Rate of Heterotrophs in Activated Sludge Systems”, Wat. Sci. Tech., 18, 91.
8. Eremektar, G., Ubay Çokgör, E., Övez, S., Babuna, F. G., and Orhon, D., (1999), “Biological Treatability of Poultry Processing Plant Effluent- A Case Study”, Wat. Sci. Tech., 40,1, 323-329. Franzen, C. J., (2003), “Metabolic Flux Analysis of RQ-Controlled Microaerobic Ethanol Production by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae”, Yeast, 20, 117-132.

9. Franzen, C. J., Albers, E., and Niklasson, C., (1996), “Use of The Inlet Gas Composition to Control The Respiratory Quotient in Microaerobic Bioprocess”, Chemical Engineering Science, 51,13, 3391-3402.
10. Ganesh, R., Balaji, G., and Ramanujam, R. A., (2006), “Biodegradation of Tannery Wastewater Using Sequencing Batch Reactor-Respirometric Assessment”, Bioresource Technology, 97, 1815-1821.
11. Gea, T., Barrena, R., Artola, A., and Sanchez, A., (2004), “Monitoring The Biological Activity of The Composting Process: Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR), Respirometric Index (RI), and Respiratory Quotient (RQ)”, Biotechnology and Bioenginerring, 88, 4, 520-527.
12. Genç, N., and Yonsel, Ş., (2007), “Evaluation by Respiration Measurements (OTR, CTR and RQ) of The Biological Activity in Sludge Digestors Operated Under Microaerobic Conditions”, Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly, 21, 2, 163-168.
13. Gendig, C., Domogala, G., Agnoli, F., Pagga, U., and Strotmann, U. J., (2003), “Evaluation and Further Development of The Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test”, Chemosphere, 52, 143-149.
14. Germirli Babuna, F., Soyhan, B., Eremektar, G., and Orhon, D., (1999), “Evaluation of Treatability for Two Textile Mill Effluents”, Wat. Sci. Tech., 40, 1, 145-152.
15. Gernaey, A. K., Petersen, B., Ottoy, J. P., and Vanrolleghem, P., (2001), “Activated Sludge Monitoring with Combined Respirometric-Titrimetric Measurements”, Wat. Res., 35, 5, 1280-1294.
16. Goronszy, M. C., (1998), “Activated Sludge Process Control Using in Basin Oxygen Related Parameters”, Fourth International Symposium on Waste Management Problems in Agro-Industries, Istanbul, September, 61-68.
17. Lasaridi, K. E., and Stentiford, E. I., (1998), “A Simple Respirometric Technique for Assessing Compost Stability”, Wat. Res., 32, 12, 3717-3723.
18. Lencki, R. W., Zhu, M., and Chu, C. L., (2004), “Comparison of Unsteady-and Steady-State Methods for Produce Respiration Rate Determination, 1.Model Development and Validation”, Postharvest Biology and Technology, 31, 229-238.
19. Marsili-Libelli, S., and Vaggi, A., (1997), “Estimation of Respirometric Activities in Bioprocesses”, Journal of Biotechnology, 52, 181-192.
20. Messenger, J. R., De Villiers, H. A., and Ekama, G. A., (1990), “Oxygen Utulization Rate as a Control Parameter for The Aerobic Stage in Dual Digestion”, Wat. Sci. Tech., 22, 12, 217-227.
21. Nalbur, B. E., Aklan, U. ve Çalışkan Eleren, S., (2004), “Respirometrik Metot Kullanılarak Bursa Organize Sanayi Bölgesi (BOSB) Atıksularının Biyolojik
22. Arıtılabilirliğinin İncelenmesi”, 9. Endüstriyel Kirlenme Kontrolü Sempozyumu, İstanbul, 335-341.
23. Narita, N., Takahashi, M., and Shoji, R., (2005), “Rapid Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test Performed by CO2 Producingrate Using a Carbon Dioxide Sensor”, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 40, 1987-1996.
24. Orhon, D., Ateş Genceli, E., and Ubay Çokgör, E., (1999), “Characterization and Modeling of Activated Sludge for Tannery Wastewater”, Water Environmental Research, 73, 1, 50-63.
25. Orhon, D., and Okutman, D., (2003), “Respirometric Assessment of Residual Organic Matter for Domestic Sewage”, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 32, 560-566.
26. Orupold, K., Hellat, K., and Tenno, T., (1998), “Estimation of Treatability of Different Industrial Wastewaters by Activated Sludge Oxygen Uptake Measurements”, Fourth International Symposium on Waste Management Problems in Agro-Industries, Istanbul, 69-74.
27. Oviedo, M. D. C., Sanchez, J. B., and Alonso, J. M. Q., (2005), “Enzymatic Estimation of Biosolids Stability in Aerobic Digestion Systems”, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 36, 191-197.
28. Pratt, S., Yuan, Z., Gapes, D., Dorigo, M., Zeng, R. J., and Keller, J., (2003), “Development of a Novel Titration and Off-Gas Analysis (TOGA) Sensor for Study of Biological Processes in Wastewater Treatment Systems”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 81, 4, 482-495.
29. Pratt, S., Yuan, Z., and Keller, J., (2004), “Modeling Aerobic Carbon Oxidation and Storage by Integrating Respirometric, Titrimetric, and Off-Gas CO2 Measurements”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 88, 2, 135-147.
30. Quintela, M., and Ro, K. S., (2003), “Atmosferic Oxygen Transfer During in Situ Oxygen Uptake Rate Measurement”, Journal of Environmental Engineering, 129, 2, 183-186.
31. Reuschenbach, P., Pagga, U., and Strotmann, U., (2003), “A Critical Comparison of Respirometric Biodegradation Tests Based on OECD 301 and Related Test Methods”, Water Res., 37, 7, 1571-1582.
32. Royce, P. N., (1992), “Effect of Changes in The pH and Carbon Dioxide Evolution Rate on The Measured Respiratory Quotient of Fermentations”, Biotechnology and Bioenginerring, 40, 10, 1129-1138.
33. Rozzi, A., Ficara, E., Cellamare, C. M., and Bortone, G., (1998), “Characterization of Textile and Other Industrial Wastewaters by Respirometric and Titration Biosensors”, Fourth International Symposium on Waste Management Problems in Agro-Industries, Istanbul, 75-82.
34. Sanchez, J. B., Alonso, J. M. Q., and Oviedo, M. D. C., (2006), “Use of Microbial Activity Parameters for Determination of a Biosolids Stability Index”, Bioresource Technology, 97, 562-568. Scaglia, B., Erriquens, F. G., Gigliotti, G., Taccari, M., Ciani, M., Genevini, P. L., and Adani, F., (2007), “Precision Determination for The Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate (SOUR) Method Used for Biological Stability Evaluation of Compost and Biostabilized Products”, Bioresource Technology, 98, 706-713.
35. Sin, G., Guisasola, A., De Pauw, D. J. W., Baeza, J. A., Carrera, J., and Vanrolleghem, P. A., (2005), “A New Approach for Modelling Simultaneous Storage and Growth Processes for Activated Sludge Systems Under Aerobic Conditions”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 92, 5, 600-613.
36. Sperandio, M., and Paul, E., (1997), “Determination of Carbon Dioxide Evolution Rate Using On-Line Gas Analysis During Dynamic Biodegradation Experiments”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 53, 3, 243-252.
37. Tremier, A., Guardia, A., Massiani, C., Paul, E., and Martel, J. L., (2005), “A Respirometric Method for Characterising The Organic Composition and Biodegradation Kinetics and The Temperature Influence on The Biodegradation Kinetics, for a Mixture of Sludge and Bulking Agent to be Co-Composted”, Bioresource Technology, 96, 169-180.
38. Ubay Çokgör, E., Sözen, S., Orhon, D., and Henze, M., (1998), “Respirometric Analysis of Activated Sludge Behavior I. Assessment of the Readily Biodegradable Subsrate”, Wat. Res. (G.B.), 32, 2, 461-475.
39. Weppen, P., (2001), “Process Calorimetry on Composting of Municipal Organic Wastes”, Biomass Bioenergy, 21, 289-299.
40. Wu, L., Lange, H. C., Van Gulik, W. M., and Heijnen, J. J., (2003), “Determination of in Vivo Oxygen Uptake and Carbon Dioxide Evolution Rates From Off-Gas Measurements Under Highly Dynamic Conditions”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 81, 4, 448-458.
41. Yıldız Töre, G., Ubay Çokgör, E. ve Orhon D., (2004), “ Kot Yıkama Atıksularının Biyolojik Arıtılabilirliğin İncelenmesi”, 9. Endüstriyel Kirlenme Kontrolü Sempozyumu, İstanbul, 103-110.
42. Zeng, A. P., Byun, T. G., Posten, C., and Deckwer, W. D., (1994), “Use of Respiratory Quotient as a Control Parameter for Optimum Oxygen Supply and Scale Up of 2,3-Butanediol Production Under Microaerobic Conditions”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 44, 9, 1107-1114.