A new population record and habitat assessment of the endemic fish species Pseudophoxinus battalgilae (Teleostei: Leuciscidae) from Central Anatolia

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 17 - 25, 19.02.2024

Fahrettin Küçük Salim Serkan Güçlü İskender Gülle Gökhan Kalaycı

https://doi.org/10.26650/tjbc.1397749

Abstract

Objective: Pseudophoxinus battalgilae is one of two species with the widest distribution of the genus in the Central and Southern Anatolia (Manavgat River) regions, the other being Pseudophoxinus firati. The species description was made based on samples from the Beyşehir Lake basin. Records are found from Suğla Lake (Seydişehir); the Akgöl (Ereğli) drainage canals; and the Zengen (Ereğli) and Ilgın (springs and small streams flowing into Çavuşçu Lake); the Kızılca, Akkaya, and Gümüşler reservoirs (Niğde), and the Manavgat River basin. This study attempts to identify new recorded localities of P. battalgilae and determines their general distribution areas. In parallel with this, an attempt has been made to evaluate the current state of the species’ habitats.
Materials and Methods: Pseudophoxinus battalgilae specimens were caught from Gödet Stream (Karaman) with an electrical shock device, with most being released back into the habitat. The metric and meristic characters of the samples were determined. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was created with closely related species and a haplotype network analysis was applied.
Results: The study records the species to have also spread to the Gödet Stream in the Central Anatolia region, thus contributing to identifying the population number and distribution area of the species. The maximum genetic distance of the P. battalgilae populations was determined as 0.0061 between Gödet Stream and the Aşıklar (Ereğli) canal populations. In addition to the phylogenetic analysis, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) results confirm the Gödet Stream population to belong to the P. battalgilae species.
Conclusion: As a result, the evaluations in the study show a total of eight populations of the species to have been found. However, many populations of the species are expected to disappear in a short time due to drought and to domestic and agricultural pollution.

Keywords

Central Anatolia, endemic, habitat loss, biodiversity

References

• Atalay, M.A. (2005). Pseudophoxinus (Pisces, Cyprinidae) Genusu’nun Anadolu’da Yayılışı ve Taksonomik Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi (Doktora Tezi). Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. google scholar
• Bandelt, H.J., Forster, P. & Röhl, A. (1999). Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 16, 37-48 google scholar
• Bayçelebi, E., Kaya, C., Güçlü, S.S., Küçük, F. & Turan, D. (2020). Taxonomic status of endemic fish species in Lake Beyşehir Basin (Turkey). Acta Aquatica Turcica, 16(1), 138-147. https:// doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.618539. google scholar
• Bogutskaya, N.G. (1997). Contribution to the knowledge of Leuciscine fishes of Asia Minor. Part 2. An annotated checklist of leuciscine fishes (Leuciscinae, Cyprinidae) of Turkey with descriptions of a new species and two new subspecies. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 9, 161-186. google scholar
• Freyhof, J. & Özuluğ, M. (2010). Pseudophoxinus hittitorum, a new species of spring minnow from Central Anatolia, (Teleostei:Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 21, 239-245. google scholar
• Geiger, M.F., Herder, F., Monaghan, M.T., Almada, V., Barbieri, R., Bariche, M., Berrebi, P., Bohlen, J., Casal-Lopez, M., Delmastro, G.B., Denys, G.PJ., Dettai, A., Doadrio, I., Kalogianni, E., Kârst, H., Kottelat, M., Kovacic, M., Laporte, M., Lorenzoni, M., Marcic, Z., Özuluğ, M.,Perdices, A., Perea, S., Persat, H., Porcelotti, S., Puzzi, C., Robalo, J., Sanda, R., Schneider, M., Slechtovâ, V, Stoumboudi, M., Walter, S. & Freyhof, J. (2014). Spatial heterogeneity in the Mediterranean Biodiversity Hotspot affects barcoding accuracy of its freshwater fishes. Molecular Ecology Resources, 14, 1210-1221. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755- 0998.12257. google scholar
• Güçlü S.S. & Küçük F. (2017, October). Endemic Species of the Genus Pseudophoxinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Anatolia and Distribution Areas. Ist International Symposium on Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries, Isparta, 133. google scholar
• Hall, T.A. (1999). BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/ NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series, 41, 95-98. google scholar
• Hrbek, T., Stölting, K.N., Bardakçı, F., Küçük, F., Wildekamp, R.H. & Meyer, A. (2004). Plate tectonics and biogeographical patterns of the Pseudophoxinus (Pisces: Cypriniformes) species complex of central Anatolia, Turkey. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 32, 297-308. google scholar
• Kottelat, M. & Freyhof, J. (2007). Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Kottelat, Cornol & Freyhof, Berlin, xiv + 646 p. google scholar
• Küçük, F., Atalay, M. A., Güçlü, S.S. & Gülle, İ. (2012). Türkiye’de Yayılış Gösteren Pseudophoxinus (Teleostei:Cyprinidae) Türlerinin Bazı Morfolojik Özellikleri ve Zoocoğrafik Dağılımları. Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(2), 1-9. google scholar
• Küçük, F. (2007). Pseudophoxinus alii (Teleoste: Cyprinidae), a new fish species from the Antalya region, Türkiye. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 31, 99-106. google scholar
• Küçük, F., Gülle, İ. & Güçlü, S.S. (2016). Pseudophoxinus iconii, a new species of spring minnow from Central Anatolia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 27(3), 283-288. google scholar Küçük, F., Güçlü, S.S. & Gülle, İ. (2020). Manavgat Irmağı (Antalya) balık faunasının çeyrek asırlık değişimi. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 16(4), 433-446. google scholar
• Perea, S., Bohme, M., Zupancic, P., Freyhof, J., Sanda, R., Özuluğ, M., Abdoli, A. & Doadrio, I. (2010). Phylogenetic relationships and biogeographical patterns in Circum-Mediterranean Subfamily Leuciscinae (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) inferred from both mitochondrial and nuclear data. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 10(1), 265. google scholar
• Saç, G., Özuluğ, M., Elp, M., Gaffaroğlu, M., Ünal, S., Karasu Ayata, M., Kaya, C. & Freyhof, J. (2019). Newrecords of Pseudophoxinus firati from Turkey (Teleostei: Leuciscidae). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 35, 769-774. google scholar
• Turan, D. & Kaya, C. (2019). New record of Alburnoides kosswigi (Pisces: Leuciscidae) in the Ilgın Lake basin. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(1), 39-42. google scholar
• Ward, R.D., Zemlak, T.S, Innes, B.H., Last, P.R. & Hebert, P.D.N. (2005). DNA barcoding Australia’s fish species. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences, 360, 1847-1857. google scholar