Novel Imperfection Method for Post-Buckling Strength of C-Sectioned CFS Members
Year 2023,
, 29 - 52, 01.11.2023
Özge Gizem Çağrıcı
Rafet Aktepe
Burcu Güldür Erkal
Abstract
The overall behavior of cold-formed steel (CFS) members is significantly affected from existing geometric imperfections. In this work, a mode shape-based imperfection coefficient computation method is developed to investigate the effects of initial geometric imperfections on member behavior. The point clouds of CFS members are collected and used to extract imperfection distributions and coefficients. The computed coefficients are integrated into the numerical model for analysis. Finally, axial loading tests are conducted to compare the numerical and experimental results. The results obtained using mode shape-based imperfection coefficients are generally closer to the experimental results than the common method used in practice.
Supporting Institution
TÜBİTAK
Thanks
This material is based upon work supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under Grant No. 217M513 and Hacettepe University.
References
- Peterman KD. Experiments on the stability of sheathed cold-formed steel studs under axial load and bending. Baltimore, MD, USA: John's Hopkins University; 2012.
- McAnallen L, Padilla-Llano D, Zhao X, Moen C, Schafer B, Eatherton M. Initial geometric imperfection measurement and characterization of cold-formed steel C-section structural members with 3D non-contact measurement techniques. Proceedings of the Structural Stability Research Council. Toronto, Canada2014.
- Zhao X, Tootkaboni M, Schafer B. Development of a laser-based geometric imperfection measurement platform with application to cold-formed steel construction. Experimental Mechanics. 2015;55:1779-90.
- Salomon AL, Fratamico D, Schafer BW, Moen CD. Full field cold-formed steel column buckling measurements with high resolution image-based reconstruction. Proceedings of the Annual Stability Conference Structural Stability Research Council. Orlando, FL, USA2016.
- Zhao X, Tootkaboni MP, Schafer BW. High fidelity imperfection measurements and characterization for cold-formed steel members. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Coupled Instabilities in Metal Structures. Baltimore, MD, USA2016.
- Zhao X, Tootkaboni M, Schafer BW. Laser-based cross-section measurement of cold-formed steel members: model reconstruction and application. Thin-Walled Structures. 2017;120:70-80.
- Selvaraj S, Madhavan M. Geometric imperfection measurements and validations on cold-formed steel channels using 3D noncontact laser scanner. Journal of Structural Engineering. 2018;144.
- Dubina D, Ungureanu V. Effect of imperfections on numerical simulation of instability behaviour of cold-formed steel members. Thin-Walled Structures. 2002;40:239-62.
- Bonada J, Casafont M, Roure F, Pastor M. Selection of the Initial Geometrical Imperfection in Nonlinear FE Analysis of Cold-formed Steel Rack Columns. Thin-walled Structures. 2012;51:99-111.
- Zeinoddini V, Schafer B. Simulation of geometric imperfections in cold-formed steel members using spectral representation approach. Thin-Walled Structures. 2012;60:105-17.
- Garifullin M, Nackenhorst U. Computational Analysis of Cold-formed Steel Columns with Initial Imperfections. Procedia Engineering. 2015;117:1073-9.
- Gendy BL, Hanna M. Effect of Geometric Imperfections on the Ultimate Moment Capacity of Cold-Formed Sigma-Shape Sections. HBRC Journal. 2017;13:163-70.
- Sadovský Z, Kriváček J, Ivančo V, Ďuricová A. Computational modelling of geometric imperfections and buckling strength of cold-formed steel. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 2012;78:1-7.
- Zeinoddini V, Schafer BW. Global imperfections and dimensional variations in cold-formed steel members. International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics. 2011;11:829-54.
- Martins AD, Dinis PB, Camotim D. On the Influence of Local-Distortional Interaction in the Behaviour and Design of Cold-Formed Steel Web-Stiffened Lipped Channel Columns. Thin-Walled Structures. 2016;101:181-204.
- Li Z. Stochastically simulated mode interactions of thin-walled cold-formed steel members using modal identification. Thin-Walled Structures. 2018;128:171-83.
- ABAQUS/CAE. ABAQUS Users’ Guide 2019. Dassault Systemes: Paris, France: Dassault Systemes; 2019.
- Ye J, Hajirasouliha I, Becque J. Experimental investigation of local-flexural interactive buckling of cold-formed steel channel columns. Thin-walled structures. 2018;125:245-58.
- dos Santos ES, Batista EM, Camotim D. Experimental investigation concerning lipped channel columns undergoing local–distortional–global buckling mode interaction. Thin-Walled Structures. 2012;54:19-34.
- Dinis PB, Camotim D, Silvestre N. FEM-based analysis of the local-plate/distortional mode interaction in cold-formed steel lipped channel columns. Computers & Structures. 2007;85:1461-74.
- Camotim D, Dinis PB. Coupled instabilities with distortional buckling in cold-formed steel lipped channel columns. Thin-Walled Structures. 2011;49:562-75.
- Chou S, Chai G, Ling L. Finite element technique for design of stub columns. Thin-walled structures. 2000;37:97-112.
- Moen CD, Schafer B. Elastic buckling of thin plates with holes in compression or bending. Thin-Walled Structures. 2009;47:1597-607.
- HEXAGON. SmartScan. 2022.
- Guldur Erkal B, Cagrici OG. Automated Geometric Imperfection Detection and Quantification of CFS Members from Point Clouds. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering. 2022.
- Eurocode 3 - Part 1-3. Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures, Part 1-3 - Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structures: ECCS Eurocode Design Manuals; 2012.
- Koiter WT. On the stability of elastic equilibrium: National Aeronautics and Space Administration; 1967.
- Schafer BW, Li Z, Moen CD. Computational modeling of cold-formed steel. Thin-Walled Structures. 2010;48:752-62.
- Schafer B, Peköz T. Computational modeling of cold-formed steel: Characterizing geometric imperfections and residual stresses. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 1998;47:193-210.
- Gendy BL, Hanna MT. Effect of geometric imperfections on the ultimate moment capacity of cold-formed sigma-shape sections. HBRC Journal. 2019;13:163-70.
- ASTM-E8/E8M. Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials. West Conshohocken, PA.: ASTM International; 2013.
- Simulia D. ABAQUS 6.11 analysis user's manual. Abaqus. 2011;6:22.2.
- MatLab. MATLAB and Statistics Toolbox Release 2019a. Natick, MA, USA: The MathWorks, Inc.; 2019.
- Kashani AG, Olsen MJ, Parrish CE, Wilson N. A review of LiDAR radiometric processing: From ad hoc intensity correction to rigorous radiometric calibration. Sensors. 2015;15:28099-128.
- Laefer DF, Gannon J, Deely E. Reliability of crack detection methods for baseline condition assessments. Journal of Infrastructure Systems. 2010;16:129-37.
- Laefer DF, Truong-Hong L, Carr H, Singh M. Crack detection limits in unit based masonry with terrestrial laser scanning. Ndt & E International. 2014;62:66-76.
- Olsen MJ, Kuester F, Chang BJ, Hutchinson TC. Terrestrial laser scanning-based structural damage assessment. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering. 2010;24:264-72.
Novel Imperfection Method for Post-Buckling Strength of C-Sectioned CFS Members
Year 2023,
, 29 - 52, 01.11.2023
Özge Gizem Çağrıcı
Rafet Aktepe
Burcu Güldür Erkal
Abstract
The overall behavior of cold-formed steel (CFS) members is significantly affected from existing geometric imperfections. In this work, a mode shape-based imperfection coefficient computation method is developed to investigate the effects of initial geometric imperfections on member behavior. The point clouds of CFS members are collected and used to extract imperfection distributions and coefficients. The computed coefficients are integrated into the numerical model for analysis. Finally, axial loading tests are conducted to compare the numerical and experimental results. The results obtained using mode shape-based imperfection coefficients are generally closer to the experimental results than the common method used in practice.
References
- Peterman KD. Experiments on the stability of sheathed cold-formed steel studs under axial load and bending. Baltimore, MD, USA: John's Hopkins University; 2012.
- McAnallen L, Padilla-Llano D, Zhao X, Moen C, Schafer B, Eatherton M. Initial geometric imperfection measurement and characterization of cold-formed steel C-section structural members with 3D non-contact measurement techniques. Proceedings of the Structural Stability Research Council. Toronto, Canada2014.
- Zhao X, Tootkaboni M, Schafer B. Development of a laser-based geometric imperfection measurement platform with application to cold-formed steel construction. Experimental Mechanics. 2015;55:1779-90.
- Salomon AL, Fratamico D, Schafer BW, Moen CD. Full field cold-formed steel column buckling measurements with high resolution image-based reconstruction. Proceedings of the Annual Stability Conference Structural Stability Research Council. Orlando, FL, USA2016.
- Zhao X, Tootkaboni MP, Schafer BW. High fidelity imperfection measurements and characterization for cold-formed steel members. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Coupled Instabilities in Metal Structures. Baltimore, MD, USA2016.
- Zhao X, Tootkaboni M, Schafer BW. Laser-based cross-section measurement of cold-formed steel members: model reconstruction and application. Thin-Walled Structures. 2017;120:70-80.
- Selvaraj S, Madhavan M. Geometric imperfection measurements and validations on cold-formed steel channels using 3D noncontact laser scanner. Journal of Structural Engineering. 2018;144.
- Dubina D, Ungureanu V. Effect of imperfections on numerical simulation of instability behaviour of cold-formed steel members. Thin-Walled Structures. 2002;40:239-62.
- Bonada J, Casafont M, Roure F, Pastor M. Selection of the Initial Geometrical Imperfection in Nonlinear FE Analysis of Cold-formed Steel Rack Columns. Thin-walled Structures. 2012;51:99-111.
- Zeinoddini V, Schafer B. Simulation of geometric imperfections in cold-formed steel members using spectral representation approach. Thin-Walled Structures. 2012;60:105-17.
- Garifullin M, Nackenhorst U. Computational Analysis of Cold-formed Steel Columns with Initial Imperfections. Procedia Engineering. 2015;117:1073-9.
- Gendy BL, Hanna M. Effect of Geometric Imperfections on the Ultimate Moment Capacity of Cold-Formed Sigma-Shape Sections. HBRC Journal. 2017;13:163-70.
- Sadovský Z, Kriváček J, Ivančo V, Ďuricová A. Computational modelling of geometric imperfections and buckling strength of cold-formed steel. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 2012;78:1-7.
- Zeinoddini V, Schafer BW. Global imperfections and dimensional variations in cold-formed steel members. International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics. 2011;11:829-54.
- Martins AD, Dinis PB, Camotim D. On the Influence of Local-Distortional Interaction in the Behaviour and Design of Cold-Formed Steel Web-Stiffened Lipped Channel Columns. Thin-Walled Structures. 2016;101:181-204.
- Li Z. Stochastically simulated mode interactions of thin-walled cold-formed steel members using modal identification. Thin-Walled Structures. 2018;128:171-83.
- ABAQUS/CAE. ABAQUS Users’ Guide 2019. Dassault Systemes: Paris, France: Dassault Systemes; 2019.
- Ye J, Hajirasouliha I, Becque J. Experimental investigation of local-flexural interactive buckling of cold-formed steel channel columns. Thin-walled structures. 2018;125:245-58.
- dos Santos ES, Batista EM, Camotim D. Experimental investigation concerning lipped channel columns undergoing local–distortional–global buckling mode interaction. Thin-Walled Structures. 2012;54:19-34.
- Dinis PB, Camotim D, Silvestre N. FEM-based analysis of the local-plate/distortional mode interaction in cold-formed steel lipped channel columns. Computers & Structures. 2007;85:1461-74.
- Camotim D, Dinis PB. Coupled instabilities with distortional buckling in cold-formed steel lipped channel columns. Thin-Walled Structures. 2011;49:562-75.
- Chou S, Chai G, Ling L. Finite element technique for design of stub columns. Thin-walled structures. 2000;37:97-112.
- Moen CD, Schafer B. Elastic buckling of thin plates with holes in compression or bending. Thin-Walled Structures. 2009;47:1597-607.
- HEXAGON. SmartScan. 2022.
- Guldur Erkal B, Cagrici OG. Automated Geometric Imperfection Detection and Quantification of CFS Members from Point Clouds. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering. 2022.
- Eurocode 3 - Part 1-3. Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures, Part 1-3 - Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structures: ECCS Eurocode Design Manuals; 2012.
- Koiter WT. On the stability of elastic equilibrium: National Aeronautics and Space Administration; 1967.
- Schafer BW, Li Z, Moen CD. Computational modeling of cold-formed steel. Thin-Walled Structures. 2010;48:752-62.
- Schafer B, Peköz T. Computational modeling of cold-formed steel: Characterizing geometric imperfections and residual stresses. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 1998;47:193-210.
- Gendy BL, Hanna MT. Effect of geometric imperfections on the ultimate moment capacity of cold-formed sigma-shape sections. HBRC Journal. 2019;13:163-70.
- ASTM-E8/E8M. Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials. West Conshohocken, PA.: ASTM International; 2013.
- Simulia D. ABAQUS 6.11 analysis user's manual. Abaqus. 2011;6:22.2.
- MatLab. MATLAB and Statistics Toolbox Release 2019a. Natick, MA, USA: The MathWorks, Inc.; 2019.
- Kashani AG, Olsen MJ, Parrish CE, Wilson N. A review of LiDAR radiometric processing: From ad hoc intensity correction to rigorous radiometric calibration. Sensors. 2015;15:28099-128.
- Laefer DF, Gannon J, Deely E. Reliability of crack detection methods for baseline condition assessments. Journal of Infrastructure Systems. 2010;16:129-37.
- Laefer DF, Truong-Hong L, Carr H, Singh M. Crack detection limits in unit based masonry with terrestrial laser scanning. Ndt & E International. 2014;62:66-76.
- Olsen MJ, Kuester F, Chang BJ, Hutchinson TC. Terrestrial laser scanning-based structural damage assessment. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering. 2010;24:264-72.