An Early-Stage Experimental Study on the Contribution of TRM Components to Flexural Response

Abstract

In this study, the influence of textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) systems on the out-of-plane flexural behavior of masonry elements is investigated through a small-scale experimental approach that offers a low-cost and rapid alternative to full-scale wall testing. Considering the multi-variable nature of TRM systems, twelve masonry beam specimens including ten strengthened configurations and two reference series were produced and tested in flexure to comparatively assess the contribution of different strengthening components. Two matrix types (natural hydraulic lime and cement-based mortars) and five textile reinforcements (glass(2), basalt, and carbon(2) fiber fabrics) were combined to examine how matrix-textile interaction governs the system response. The experimental program enabled the early-stage identification of behavioral trends among TRM systems by evaluating load-displacement relationships, energy dissipation capacities, and failure modes. The findings indicate that small-scale flexural testing provides an effective preliminary tool for distinguishing the relative performance of TRM configurations, particularly in terms of ductility and energy absorption. The study offers an experimental reference for selecting TRM components and highlights the performance tendencies associated with different matrix-textile combinations.

Keywords

• Textile reinforced mortars
• masonry wall strengthening
• out-of-plane behaviour
• cementitious composites

TRM Bileşenlerinin Eğilme Davranışına Etkisinin Erken Aşamalı Deneysel İncelemesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, tekstil donatılı harç (TRM) sistemlerinin yığma elemanların düzlem dışı eğilme davranışı üzerindeki etkilerini, büyük ölçekli duvar testlerine kıyasla daha düşük maliyetli ve hızlı uygulanabilir bir yöntem sunan küçük ölçekli eğilme deneyleri aracılığıyla incelenmiştir. TRM’nin çok değişkenli yapısı göz önünde bulundurularak, matris ve donatı bileşenlerinin sistem performansına katkısını değerlendirmek amacıyla iki farklı harç türü (doğal hidrolik kireç ve çimento esaslı matrisler) ile beş farklı tekstil donatısının (cam(2), bazalt ve karbon(2) lifli tekstiller) kombinasyonlarından oluşan toplam on güçlendirme konfigürasyonu ve iki referans seri olmak üzere on iki yığma kiriş numunesi üretilmiş ve eğilmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Bu deneysel yaklaşım, matris-tekstil etkileşim mekanizmalarının ayrıştırılmasına ve güçlendirme bileşenlerinin göreli katkılarının erken aşamada belirlenmesine imkân sağlamaktadır. Testler sonucunda yük-yer değiştirme eğrileri, enerji tüketim kapasitesi ve göçme modları değerlendirilmiş; bileşen türlerine bağlı dayanım ve süneklik farklılıkları ortaya konmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, küçük ölçekli numunelerin TRM sistemlerinin karşılaştırmalı performansını belirlemede etkili bir ön değerlendirme aracı olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışma, TRM bileşenlerinin seçimine yönelik erken aşamalı deneysel bir referans sunmakta ve farklı matris-donatı kombinasyonlarının performans eğilimlerini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

• Tekstil donatılı harçlar
• yığma duvar güçlendirme
• düzlem-dışı davranış
• çimentolu kompozitler

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