Subjektif tinnitusun depresyon, anksiyete ve vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkisi

Year 2018, , 303 - 306, 28.12.2018

Türkan Acar

https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.413912

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç: Subjektif
tinnitus, yaşam kalitesini bozabilen ve birtakım psikiyatrik-somatoform
hastalıklarla birlikte görülebilen bir klinik durumdur. Bu psikiyatrik
bozukluklar arasında depresyon, anksiyete ve insomnia yer alır. Vücut kitle
indeksi (VKİ) yüksek olan hastalarda da tinnitus sıklığının daha fazla olduğunu
gösteren çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada tinnitusun depresyon, anksiyete ve
VKİ arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek istedik.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu
çalışmaya Ocak 2016-Temmuz 2017 tarihleri arasında  nöroloji polikliniğimize yönlendirilen tüm
subjektif tinnituslu hastalar ile yaş ve cinsiyetleri eşleştirilmiş sağlıklı
gönüllüler dahil edildi. Tüm katılımcıların VKİ hesaplandı, Beck Depresyon
Ölçeği (BDÖ), Hamilton Anksiyete Değerlendirme Ölçeği (HADÖ) anketleri de
yapılarak sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Subjektif
tinnitus tanılı 40 hastanın (17'si erkek) yaş ortalaması 39.6 idi. 50 sağlıklı
kontrol  grubunun (18'i erkek) yaş
ortalaması 37 idi. Her iki grupta da yaş ve cinsiyet açısından anlamlı fark
saptanmadı. VKİ ortalaması hasta grubunda 31.7±7.0, kontrol grubunda 27.4±4.4
idi ve her iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fark vardı (p=0.005).
BDÖ ortalama skoru hasta grubunda 24.2±12.4 olup kontrol grubunda 8.3±6.9 idi
ve her iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fark saptandı
(p<0.001). HADÖ ortalama skoru hasta grubunda 7.0±5.3 olup kontrol grubunda
1.8±2.2 idi ve her iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fark
saptandı (p<0.001).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda,
depresyon ve anksiyete varlığı ile artmış VKİ'nin, subjektif tinnitus ile
anlamlı olarak ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. 
Bu parametrelerin, henüz tam olarak aydınlatılamamış olan hastalık
etyopatogenezindeki rolünü inceleyecek ve ayrıca tedavideki etkisini
değerlendirilebilecek ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

Tinnitus, vücut kitle indeksi, depresyon

Relationship between subjective tinnitus, depression, anxiety and body mass index

Abstract

Aim: Subjective
tinnitus is a clinical condition that can disrupt the quality of life and be
seen with some psychiatric-somatoform diseases. These psychiatric disorders
include depression, anxiety and insomnia. There are also studies showing that
the frequency of tinnitus is higher in patients with high body mass index
(BMI). The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between
tinnitus depression, anxiety and BMI.

Material and Methods: All
subjective tinnitus patients who were referred to our neurology outpatient
clinic between January 2016 and July 2017 and age and sex matched healthy
volunteers were involved to this study. BMI of all participants was
calculated; Beck Depression Scale (BDS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale
(HARS) questionnaires were also performed and the results were compared statistically.

Results: The
mean age of 40 patients (17 men) with subjective tinnitus was 39.6. The mean
age of 50 healthy control subjects (18 males) was 37. There was no significant
difference in age and gender in both groups. The mean BDS score was 24.2 ± 12.4
in the patient group and 8.3 ± 6.9 in the control group and there was a
statistically significant difference between the two groups (p<0.001). In
the case group, the mean BMI was 31.7 ± 7.0 and in the control group it was
27.4 ± 4.4 and there was a statistically significant difference between the two
groups (p=0.005). The HARS mean score was 7.0 ± 5.3 in the patient group and
1.8 ± 2.2 in the control group and there was a statistically significant
difference between the two groups (p<0.001).

Conclusion: In
our study, increased VKI with depression and anxiety was found to be
significantly associated with subjective tinnitus. These parameters need
further work to examine the role of the disease in the etiopathogenesis of the
illness that has not yet been fully elucidated and also to assess the effect of
treatment.

Keywords

tinnitus, body mass index, depression, anxiety

References

• 1. Langguth B, Kreuzer PM, Kleinjung T, De Ridder D. Tinnitus:Causes and Clinical Management. The Lancet Neurology 2013; 12: 920-30.
• 2. Heller AJ. Classification and epidemiology of tinnitus. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2003; 36: 239-48.
• 3. Cho CG, Chi JG, Song JJ, Lee EK, Kim BH. Evaluation of anxiety and depressive levels in tinnitus patients. Korean J Audiol 2013; 17: 83-89.
• 4. Joos K, Vanneste S, De Ridder D. Disentangling depression and distress network in the tinnitus brain. Plos One 2012; 7: 405-44.
• 5. Pattyn T, Van Den Eede F, Vanneste S et al. Tinnitus and anxiety disorders: A review. Hear Res 2016; 333: 255-65.
• 6. Salvich GM, Irwin MR. From stress to inflammation and majör depressive disorder: a social signal transduction theory of depression. Psychol Bull 2014; 140: 774-815.
• 7. Numakawa T, Richards M, Nakajima S et al. The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in comorbid depression: possible linkage with steroid hormones, cytokines, nutrition. Front Psychiatry 2014; 5: 136.
• 8. Nondahl DM, Cruickshanks KJ, Huang GH et al. Tinnitus and its risk factors in the Beaver Dam offspring study. Int J Audiol 2011; 50: 313-20.
• 9. Baguley D, McFerran D, Hall D. Tinnitus. Lancet 2013; 382: 1600-7.
• 10. Reynolds P, Gardner D, Lee R. Tinnitus and psychological morbidity: a cross-sectional study to investigate psychological morbidity in tinnitus patients and its relationship with severity of symptoms and illness perceptions. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 2004; 29: 628-34.
• 11. Belli S, Belli H, Bahcebasi T, Ozcetin A, Alpay E, Ertem U. Assessment of psychopathological aspects and psychiatric comorbidities in patients affected by tinnitus. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2008; 265: 279-85.
• 12. Salviati M, Bersani FS, Terlizzi S et al. Tinnitus: clinical experience of the psychosomatic connection. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2014; 10: 267-75.
• 13. Ohayaon MM. Epidemiology of depression and its treatment in the general population. J Psychiatr Res 2007; 41: 207-13.
• 14. Ansseau M, Dierick M, Buntinkx F, Cnockaert P, De Smedt J, Van Den Haute M, Vander Mijnsbrugge D. High prevalence of mental disorders in primary care. J Affect Disord 2004; 78: 49-55.
• 15. Schaaf H, Flohre S, Hesse G, Gieler U. Chronic stress as an influencing factor in tinnitus patients. HNO 2014: 62; 108-14.
• 16. Bağrıaçık N, Onat H, İlhan B, Tarakci T, Oşar Z, Özyazar M, Hatemi H, Yıldız G, Obesity Profile in Turkey, International Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism 2009; 17: 5-8
• 17. Hoffman HJ, Reed GW. Epidomiology of tinnitus. Tinnitus: Theory and Management. London: BC Decker Inc 2004: 368
• 18. Xiang X, An R. Obesity and onset of depression among U.S. middle-aged and older adults. J Psychosom Res 2015: 78; 242-48.
• 19. Sanchez-Villegas A, Pimenta AM, Beunza J et al. Childhood and young adult overweight/obesity and incidence of depression in the SUN Project. Obesity 2010: 18; 1443-48.