Kompulsiyonlar bir eylemin sonlanması durumunda içsel bir model oluşmasındaki problemle ilişkili olabilir mi?

Year 2017, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 35 - 42, 15.06.2017

Orhan Murat Koçak , Bilal Kırkıcı Mustafa Dağlı Tugay Kafadar Ayşe Gül Yılmaz Özpolat

https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.308212

Abstract

Amaç:
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluğun (OKB) bir hareketi tamamlama durumu
için oluşturulan ileriye dönük bir modeli, uygun şekilde oluşturamayacağına yönelik
bozuk işlevli bir hareket sistemi ile bağlantılı olduğu hipotezin test
edilmesidir.

 

Gereç
veYöntemler: Çalışmada üç bilgisayar deneyi sunulmaktadır. Her üç
deneyde de, farkı durumları ifade eden kelimelere reaksiyon zamanları, ana bağımlı
değişkeni oluşturmuştur.  Deneyler,
OKB’li hastaların mükemmeliyetçilik yönü olan cümlelerde ve/veya tamamlanmış hareketlerde
zorluklar yaşadıkları ve bu nedenle bağlantılı bir uyarıya daha uzun reaksiyon zamanları
gösterdikleri hipotezini test etmek için yürütüldü. OKB’li toplam 40 katılımcı
(Deney 1 de 16, Deney 2 ve 3 de 24’er kişi) ve yaş, cinsiyet, ve eğitimleri uyumlu
40 non-obsesif kontrol katılımcı çalışmaya dahil edildi. Deney 1, katılımcının kelime/kelime
dışı bir duruma karar verme konusunda talimat verildiği ve eş zamanlı olarak ekrandaki
gösterilen uyarı tarafından kodlanmış temporal referansta, kelimelere ait bir karar
verme görevi idi. Deney 2’de katılımcılar bir dizi hareketi yerine getirmek ve kendilerinin
yaptıkları hareketlerin bütünlüğünün uygun veya uygunsuz olarak tanımlanıp yansıtıldığı
uyarı cümlelerini oranlamak zorunda idi. 
Deney 3’de katılımcılar, Deney 2’de daha önce yaptıkları görevle bağlantılı
olarak, uyarı cümlelerinin doğruluk değerlerini oranladılar.

 

Bulgular:
Bulgular bir bütün olarak, OKB’li hastaların kontrol grubu
ile karşılaştırıldığında, mükemmeliyetçilik yönü olan hareketlerle ilgili cümlelere
daha uzun reaksiyon zamanları gösterdiklerini ortaya koymuştur.

 

Sonuçlar:
Elde edilen bulgular, OKB’da ileri beslemeli hareket denetiminin problemli olduğu
varsayımını destekleyici olarak ele alınabilir.

Keywords

Obsesif kompulsif bozukluk, ileriye dönük içsel model, zihinsel uyarı, gramatik bakış açısı, tamamlanmamışlık

Can compulsions be associated with problems in forming an internal model of the completed state of an action?

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of this study was to test Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is
associated with a dysfunctional motor system that cannot appropriately form a
forward model of the completed state of an action.

 

Material
and Methods: In three computerized experiments, reaction times to
verbs denoting different aspects constituted the main dependent variable. They
were conducted to test the hypothesis that patients with OCD would have
difficulties in sentences with perfective aspect and/or completed actions and,
hence, display longer reaction times to associated stimuli. 40 participants
with OCD and 40 non-obsessive controls were included in the study. Experiment 1
was a visual lexical decision task in which participants were instructed to
decide on the word/non-word status and, simultaneously, on the temporal
reference encoded by stimuli presented on the screen. In Experiment 2,
participants had to carry out a number of actions and to rate stimulus
sentences that represented either accurate or inaccurate descriptions of the
completeness of the actions they themselves carried out. In Experiment 3,
participants rated the truth-values of stimulus sentences in relation to the
tasks that they had previously carried out in Experiment 2.

 

Results:
Patients with OCD displayed significantly longer reaction times to sentences
with actions in the perfective aspect.

 

Conclusion:
The results obtained may be taken as support for the assumption that the
feedforward motor control of actions in OCD is problematic.

Keywords

Obsessive compulsive disorder, internal forward models, mental simulation, grammatical aspect, incompleteness

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