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The Impact of 3G Mobile Phone Base Station Radiation on 14-3-3 Family Proteins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line

Year 2018, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 87 - 91, 20.03.2018
https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.348452

Abstract

Aim: The widespread increase of
mobile telecommunication services is mainly responsible for the amount of
radiofrequency radiation (RFR) in public and residential areas. Third
generation (3G) is different from second generation (2G) system technologies
with respect to carrier frequency.
14-3-3
proteins are a family of highly conserved cellular proteins that plays a
crucial role in the regulation of metabolic pathways.
Besides 14-3-3 proteins regulate many cellular
processes
such as cell growth, differentiation and apoptotic cell death.
The aim was to study the possible effects of third
generation mobile phone base station like Radiofrequency Radiation exposure on
the 14-3-3 protein expression in the hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2).

Materials and Methods: HepG2
cells were exposed RFR
  in four different
periods as 1 hour, 2, 3 and 4 hours and then western blot analysis was
performed to analyse protein expression level.

Results: Expressions of 14-3-3
protein were found unaltered in the control, sham and exposure groups.







Conclusion: This
report presents data about the effects of 3G system technologies mobile phone
base station radiation on 14-3-3 protein expression. 14-3-3 isoenzyme analysis
and long term exposure experiments should be done to understand the exact
effects of 3G mobile phone radiation on HepG2 cell line.

References

  • 1. Nylund R, Tammio H, Kuster N, Leszcynski D. Proteomic analysis of response of human endothelial cell line EA.hy926 to 1800 GSM mobile phone radiation. J Proteomics Bioinform 2009; 2: 455-62.
  • 2. Fitzsimmons RJ, Farley JR, Adey WR, Baylink DJ. Frequency dependence of increased cell proliferation in vitro in exposures to a low-amplitude, low-frequency electric field: evidence for dependence on increased mitogen activity released into culture. J Cell Physiol 1989; 139: 586–91.
  • 3. Marjanovic Cermak AM, Pavicic I, Tariba Lovakovic B, Pizent A, Trosic I. In vitro non-thermal oxidative stress response after 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation. Gen Physiol Biophys 2017; 36: 407-14.
  • 4. Manna D, Ghosh R. Effect of radiofrequency radiation in cultured mammalian cells: A review. Electromagn Biol Med 2016; 35: 265-301.
  • 5. Nylund R, Leszczynski D. Proteomics analysis of human endothelial cell line EA.hy926 after exposure to GSM 900 radiation. Proteomics 2004; 4: 1359-65.
  • 6. Hardell L, Mild KH, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F. Tumour risk associated with use of cellular telephones or cordless desktop telephones. W J Surg Onc 2006; 4: 74.
  • 7. Ferl RJ, Manak MS, Reyes MF. The 14-3-3s. Genome Biol 2002; 3(7): reviews3010.1-reviews3010.7.
  • 8. Rosenquist M, Sehnke P, Ferl R, Sommarin M, Larsson C. Evolution of the 14-3-3 protein family: does the large number of isoforms in multicellular organisms reflect functional specificity? J Mol Evol 2005; 51: 446-58.
  • 9. Carlson FD. Physiological and biochemical aspects of nervous integration. 1st ed. Englewood Cliffs: New Jersey; 1967.
  • 10. Aghazadeh Y, Papadopoulos V. The role of the 14-3-3 protein family in health, disease, and drug development. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21: 278-87.
  • 11. Hartman AM, Hirsch AKH. Molecular insight into specific 14-3-3 modulators: Inhibitors and stabilisers of protein-protein interactions of 14-3-3. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 136: 573-84.
  • 12. Van Hemert MJ, Steensma HY, Van Heusden GP. 14-3-3 proteins: key regulators of cell division, signalling and apoptosis. BioEssays 2001; 23: 936-46.
  • 13. Wu YJ, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Liang SM, Liou JY. Involvement of 14-3-3 Proteins in Regulating Tumor Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7: 1022-36.
  • 14. Danial NN, Korsmeyer SJ. Cell death: critical control points. Cell 2004; 116: 205–19.
  • 15. Karinen A, Heinävaara S, Nylund R, Leszczynski D. Mobile phone radiation might alter protein expression in human skin. BMC Genomics 2008; 9: 77.
  • 16. Nylund R, Kuster N, Leszczynski D. Analysis of proteome response to the mobile phone radiation in two types of human primary endothelial cells. Proteome Sci 2010; 8: 52.
  • 17. Kim KB, Byun HO, Han NK, et al. Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of radio-frequency radiation-exposed MCF7 breast cancer cells. J Radiat Res 2010; 51: 205-13.
  • 18. Hirose H, Sakuma N, Kaji N, et al. Mobile phone base station-emitted radiation does not ınduce phosphorylation of hsp27. Bioelectromagnetics 2007; 28: 99-108.
  • 19. Röösli M, Frei P, Mohler E, Hug K. Systematic review on the health effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile phone base stations. Bull World Health Organ 2010; 88: 887–96.
  • 20. Takihara Y, Matsuda Y, Hara J. Role of the beta isoform of 14-3-3 proteins in cellular proliferation and oncogenic transformation. Carcinogenesis 2000; 21: 2073–77.
  • 21. Tzivion G, Gupta SV, Kaplun L, Balan V. 14-3-3 proteins as potential oncogenes. Sem Canc Bio 2006; 16: 203–13.
  • 22. Lodygin D, Diebold J, Hermeking H. Prostate cancer is characterized by epigenetic silencing of 14-3-3σ expression. Oncogene 2004; 23: 9034-41.
  • 23. Nacht M, Ferguson AT, Zhang W, et al. Combining serial analysis of gene expression and array technologies to identify genes differentially expressed in breast cancer. Cancer Res 1999; 59: 5464–70.

Baz istasyonundan yayılan 3G cep telefonu radyasyonunun hepatoselüler karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine etkisi

Year 2018, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 87 - 91, 20.03.2018
https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.348452

Abstract

Amaç: Mobil telekomünikasyon servislerindeki yaygın artış,
halka açık alanlar ve konutlardaki radyofrekans radyasyon (RFR) miktarının başlıca
sorumlusudur. Üçüncü nesil (3G) sistem teknolojileri ikinci nesil (2G)
teknolojilere göre taşıyıcı frekansları bakımından oldukça farklıdırlar. 14-3-3
protein ailesi metabolik yolların düzenlenmesinde önemli rollere sahip hücresel
proteinleri içerir. Bununla beraber 14-3-3 protein ailesi hücre büyümesi,
farklılaşması ve apoptotik hücre ölümü gibi birçok hücresel süreçte görev
alırlar. Çalışmanın amacı 3G cep telefonu baz istasyonundan yayılan radyofrekans
radyasyona maruz kalan hepatoselüler karsinoma hücrelerinde (HepG2) 14-3-3
protein ekspresyonunun incelenmesidir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: HepG2 hücreleri 1, 2, 3, ve 4 saat olmak üzere dört farklı periyotta radyofrekans
radyasyona maruz bırakılmış ve protein ekspresyonundaki farklılıkların
incelenmesi için western blot analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Kontrol, sham ve maruziyet gruplarında 14-3-3 protein ekspresyonunda değişime
rastlanmamıştır.







Sonuçlar: Bu çalışmada üçüncü nesil cep telefonu baz istasyonundan yayılan
radyasyonun 14-3-3 protein ekspresyonuna etkisi ile ilgili veriler elde
edilmiştir. 14-3-3 izoenzim analizleri ve uzun süreli maruziyeti içeren
çalışmaların yapılması ile üçüncü nesil cep telefonundan yayılan radyasyonun
HepG2 hücre hattına etkisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına olanak sağlanacaktır.

References

  • 1. Nylund R, Tammio H, Kuster N, Leszcynski D. Proteomic analysis of response of human endothelial cell line EA.hy926 to 1800 GSM mobile phone radiation. J Proteomics Bioinform 2009; 2: 455-62.
  • 2. Fitzsimmons RJ, Farley JR, Adey WR, Baylink DJ. Frequency dependence of increased cell proliferation in vitro in exposures to a low-amplitude, low-frequency electric field: evidence for dependence on increased mitogen activity released into culture. J Cell Physiol 1989; 139: 586–91.
  • 3. Marjanovic Cermak AM, Pavicic I, Tariba Lovakovic B, Pizent A, Trosic I. In vitro non-thermal oxidative stress response after 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation. Gen Physiol Biophys 2017; 36: 407-14.
  • 4. Manna D, Ghosh R. Effect of radiofrequency radiation in cultured mammalian cells: A review. Electromagn Biol Med 2016; 35: 265-301.
  • 5. Nylund R, Leszczynski D. Proteomics analysis of human endothelial cell line EA.hy926 after exposure to GSM 900 radiation. Proteomics 2004; 4: 1359-65.
  • 6. Hardell L, Mild KH, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F. Tumour risk associated with use of cellular telephones or cordless desktop telephones. W J Surg Onc 2006; 4: 74.
  • 7. Ferl RJ, Manak MS, Reyes MF. The 14-3-3s. Genome Biol 2002; 3(7): reviews3010.1-reviews3010.7.
  • 8. Rosenquist M, Sehnke P, Ferl R, Sommarin M, Larsson C. Evolution of the 14-3-3 protein family: does the large number of isoforms in multicellular organisms reflect functional specificity? J Mol Evol 2005; 51: 446-58.
  • 9. Carlson FD. Physiological and biochemical aspects of nervous integration. 1st ed. Englewood Cliffs: New Jersey; 1967.
  • 10. Aghazadeh Y, Papadopoulos V. The role of the 14-3-3 protein family in health, disease, and drug development. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21: 278-87.
  • 11. Hartman AM, Hirsch AKH. Molecular insight into specific 14-3-3 modulators: Inhibitors and stabilisers of protein-protein interactions of 14-3-3. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 136: 573-84.
  • 12. Van Hemert MJ, Steensma HY, Van Heusden GP. 14-3-3 proteins: key regulators of cell division, signalling and apoptosis. BioEssays 2001; 23: 936-46.
  • 13. Wu YJ, Jan YJ, Ko BS, Liang SM, Liou JY. Involvement of 14-3-3 Proteins in Regulating Tumor Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7: 1022-36.
  • 14. Danial NN, Korsmeyer SJ. Cell death: critical control points. Cell 2004; 116: 205–19.
  • 15. Karinen A, Heinävaara S, Nylund R, Leszczynski D. Mobile phone radiation might alter protein expression in human skin. BMC Genomics 2008; 9: 77.
  • 16. Nylund R, Kuster N, Leszczynski D. Analysis of proteome response to the mobile phone radiation in two types of human primary endothelial cells. Proteome Sci 2010; 8: 52.
  • 17. Kim KB, Byun HO, Han NK, et al. Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of radio-frequency radiation-exposed MCF7 breast cancer cells. J Radiat Res 2010; 51: 205-13.
  • 18. Hirose H, Sakuma N, Kaji N, et al. Mobile phone base station-emitted radiation does not ınduce phosphorylation of hsp27. Bioelectromagnetics 2007; 28: 99-108.
  • 19. Röösli M, Frei P, Mohler E, Hug K. Systematic review on the health effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile phone base stations. Bull World Health Organ 2010; 88: 887–96.
  • 20. Takihara Y, Matsuda Y, Hara J. Role of the beta isoform of 14-3-3 proteins in cellular proliferation and oncogenic transformation. Carcinogenesis 2000; 21: 2073–77.
  • 21. Tzivion G, Gupta SV, Kaplun L, Balan V. 14-3-3 proteins as potential oncogenes. Sem Canc Bio 2006; 16: 203–13.
  • 22. Lodygin D, Diebold J, Hermeking H. Prostate cancer is characterized by epigenetic silencing of 14-3-3σ expression. Oncogene 2004; 23: 9034-41.
  • 23. Nacht M, Ferguson AT, Zhang W, et al. Combining serial analysis of gene expression and array technologies to identify genes differentially expressed in breast cancer. Cancer Res 1999; 59: 5464–70.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Orıgınal Artıcle
Authors

Öğünç Meral

Mert Pekcan This is me

Elçin Özgür

Görkem Kısmalı This is me

Deniz Demirkıran This is me

Göknur Güler Öztürk This is me

Nesrin Seyhan

Publication Date March 20, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Meral, Ö., Pekcan, M., Özgür, E., Kısmalı, G., et al. (2018). Baz istasyonundan yayılan 3G cep telefonu radyasyonunun hepatoselüler karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine etkisi. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, 9(2), 87-91. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.348452
AMA Meral Ö, Pekcan M, Özgür E, Kısmalı G, Demirkıran D, Güler Öztürk G, Seyhan N. Baz istasyonundan yayılan 3G cep telefonu radyasyonunun hepatoselüler karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine etkisi. TJCL. June 2018;9(2):87-91. doi:10.18663/tjcl.348452
Chicago Meral, Öğünç, Mert Pekcan, Elçin Özgür, Görkem Kısmalı, Deniz Demirkıran, Göknur Güler Öztürk, and Nesrin Seyhan. “Baz Istasyonundan yayılan 3G Cep Telefonu Radyasyonunun hepatoselüler Karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine Etkisi”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 9, no. 2 (June 2018): 87-91. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.348452.
EndNote Meral Ö, Pekcan M, Özgür E, Kısmalı G, Demirkıran D, Güler Öztürk G, Seyhan N (June 1, 2018) Baz istasyonundan yayılan 3G cep telefonu radyasyonunun hepatoselüler karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine etkisi. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 9 2 87–91.
IEEE Ö. Meral, “Baz istasyonundan yayılan 3G cep telefonu radyasyonunun hepatoselüler karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine etkisi”, TJCL, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 87–91, 2018, doi: 10.18663/tjcl.348452.
ISNAD Meral, Öğünç et al. “Baz Istasyonundan yayılan 3G Cep Telefonu Radyasyonunun hepatoselüler Karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine Etkisi”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory 9/2 (June 2018), 87-91. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.348452.
JAMA Meral Ö, Pekcan M, Özgür E, Kısmalı G, Demirkıran D, Güler Öztürk G, Seyhan N. Baz istasyonundan yayılan 3G cep telefonu radyasyonunun hepatoselüler karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine etkisi. TJCL. 2018;9:87–91.
MLA Meral, Öğünç et al. “Baz Istasyonundan yayılan 3G Cep Telefonu Radyasyonunun hepatoselüler Karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine Etkisi”. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, vol. 9, no. 2, 2018, pp. 87-91, doi:10.18663/tjcl.348452.
Vancouver Meral Ö, Pekcan M, Özgür E, Kısmalı G, Demirkıran D, Güler Öztürk G, Seyhan N. Baz istasyonundan yayılan 3G cep telefonu radyasyonunun hepatoselüler karsinoma hücre hattında 14-3-3 Protein Ailesine etkisi. TJCL. 2018;9(2):87-91.


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