BioNTech veya Sinovac ile aşılanmış bireylerde COVİD-19 sonrası akciğer komplikasyonlarının karşılaştırılması

Year 2024, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 463 - 472, 30.09.2024

Hasibe Gokce Cinar , Kemal Buğra Memiş

https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1544956

Abstract

Amaç: Uzun Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 (KOVİD-19) sendromu veya akut sonrası sekeller üzerinde aşının etkisini araştırmak için çeşitli araştırmalar yapılmış olsa da, aşıların akciğer sekeli ile ilişkili hastalıklar üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkilerine dair yayımlanmış kanıtlar sınırlıdır. Küresel KOVİD-19 aşı dağıtımının sınırlı olması göz önüne alındığında, aşının akciğer komplikasyonlarını azaltmadaki etkisini belirlemek hayati önem taşımaktadır. Türkiye’de, KOVİD-19 aşıları BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech, mRNA aşısı) ve CoronaVac (Sinovac, inaktif aşı) dahil olmak üzere iki platformdan sunulmaktadır. Bu çalışma, BioNTech ve Sinovac aşılarının KOVİD-19 sonrası akciğer komplikasyonlarını azaltmadaki etkinliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçladı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: İlk KOVİD-19 enfeksiyonlarından önce aldıkları BioNTech veya Sinovac aşılarının miktarına göre kategorize edilen toplam 94 KOVİD-19 pnömonisi hastası çalışmaya dahil edildi. Dahil etme kriterleri, polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) testi ile doğrulanmış KOVİD-19 pnömonisi tanısı, belirli takip ve başlangıç bilgisayarlı tomografi taramalarının mevcut olması ve en az bir doz aşı uygulanmış olmasını içeriyordu.
Bulgular: KOVİD-19 sonrası akciğer komplikasyonları yaşayan ve Sinovac ile tam aşılanan hastalardaki komplikasyon sayısı, BioNTech ile aşılananlara göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti. Komplikasyon yaşayan Sinovac grubundaki bireylerin C-reaktif protein ve D-Dimer ölçümleri başlangıç tarihinde önemli ölçüde yüksekti.
Sonuç: İnaktif virüs aşılarında KOVİD sonrası akciğer sekel miktarı ve bu sonucu gösteren laboratuvar parametreleri mRNA aşısına göre yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu durum ağır vakalarda inaktive aşıların korumasının yetersiz olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Keywords

akciğer sekeli, aşılama, koronavirüs hastalığı, göğüs BT, inaktive aşılar, mRNA aşıları

Does the incidence of post-COVID pulmonary complications in vaccinated individuals correlate with the types of vaccines they received?

Abstract

Aim: Although several research have been undertaken to investigate the impact of the vaccination on long Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome or post-acute sequelae, there is a lack of published evidence on the long-term effects of vaccines on lung-sequelae-related disease. Considering the limited global COVID-19 vaccine distribution, it is essential to establish the impact of vaccination in reducing pulmonary complications. Turkey has been offering COVID-19 vaccines from two platforms, including BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech, mRNA vaccine) and CoronaVac (Sinovac, inactivated vaccine). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of BioNTech and Sinovac vaccines in reducing post-COVID-19 pulmonary complications in individuals.
Material and Methods: A total of 94 patients COVID-19 pneumonia patients who were categorized based on the quantity of BioNTech or Sinovac vaccines they received before their first COVID-19 infection were included. The inclusion criteria consisted of a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia through polymerase chain reaction testing, availability of the mentioned before and follow-up computed tomography scans, and administration of at least one dose of vaccine.
Results: The number of complications in patients fully vaccinated with Sinovac and who experienced post-COVID lung complications was significantly greater than in those vaccinated with BioNTech. The C-reactive protein and D-Dimer measurements of individuals who experienced complications in the Sinovac vaccinated group were significantly elevated on the index date.
Conclusion: The quantity of lung sequelae after COVID and laboratory parameters indicating this result were found to be higher in inactivated virus vaccines than in mRNA vaccines. This suggests that the protection of inactivated vaccines may be insufficient in severe cases.

Keywords

lung sequelae, vaccination, coronavirus disease, chest CT, inactivated vaccines, mRNA vaccines

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