KARYOTYPES AND EVALUTION OF STUDIES IN SOME GENOTYPES OF HULL-LESS BARLEY

Abstract

Karyotypic studies were carried out on fiveteen hull-less barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes, using squash technique and Aceto-orcein staining method. Chromosomal parameters examined were as follows: long arm (L), short arm (S), total chromosome length (TL), arm ratio (AR), r-value (S/L), form percentage of chromosome (%F), Chromosome volume, relative length of chromosome (%RL) and the number of satellites. ANOVAi indicated high significant differences for all karyotypic parameters. Genotypes tested were diploid (2n=2x=14). Satellite numbers were differed, ranging from 1 to 2 pairs and were differed in satellite length. The most chromatin length were detected in G9 (73.37 µm) while G15 demonstrated the least (30.85 µm). The types of chromosomes were determined as m in all genotypes, using Levan’s chromosome nomenclature. Karyotypes were classified in 1A of Stebbin’s classification. In addition to this, to test the karyotypic symmetry in more detail, other parameters, e.g. RomeroZarco, total form percentage of karyotype (%TF), symmetry index (%S), coefficient of variation (%CV), dispersion index (DI) were also considered. For instance, in Romero-Zarco method, the A1 and A2 coefficients were 0.37 (G2) and 0.46 (G9), respectively. The first 3 principal component analysis PCA justified %94 of the total variations correlation determined for cytogenetical parameters. Cluster analysis was carried out for either chromosomal parameters classifying in 3 classes.

Keywords

• Cytogenetic variation
• Karyotype
• Chromosome
• Hull-less Barley
• Zabol
• Principal Component
• Classify
• Chromayin
• Romero-Zarco method