Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Forms and Seed Treatments on Seed Yield and Quality in Sunflower
Abstract
Seed treatments or coatings with micronutrients, beneficial microorganisms, or pesticides, along with the use of slow-release nitrogen fertilizers, have gained prominence in recent years for their ability to increase crop yield per unit area and reduce nitrogen losses from the soil. In this study, we investigated the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer forms and seed treatments on sunflower seed yield and quality in 2022 and 2023. Field experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with a split-plot layout and four replications. Four nitrogen fertilizer forms (NFF1: conventional form of ammonium sulfate; NFF2: conventional form of urea; NFF3: slow-release ammonium sulfate; and NFF4: slow-release urea) were applied to the main plots, while five seed treatments (ST0: no treatment (control); ST1: standard seed treatment (Metalaxyl-M + Oxathiapiprolin); ST2: standard seed treatment + micronutrients; ST3: standard seed treatment + potassium humate; and ST4: standard seed treatment + micronutrients + potassium humate) were applied to the sub-plots. Plant height, head diameter, seed yield, thousand-seed weight, crude oil content and crude oil yield were evaluated. The highest seed and crude oil yields were obtained from the NFF3 and NFF4 treatments in combination with the ST3 treatment.
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Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Industrial Crops |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Submission Date | October 16, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | January 23, 2026 |
| Publication Date | January 30, 2026 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2026 Volume: 31 Issue: 1 |
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Turkish Journal of Field Crops is the official publication of Society of Field Crops Science. It offers the latest developments in research to scientists active in field crops. The Journal includes only the original research papers on the following topics:
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- Breeding and Genetics
- Agronomy
- Physiology
- Forage Crops
- Medicinal and Aromatical Plants
- Biotechnology
- Utilization
- High-Throughput Phenotyping / Smart Agriculture
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Cui, P., Li, Y., Cui, C., Huo, Y., Lu, G., & Yang, H. (2020). Proteomic and metabolic profile analysis of low-temperature storage responses in Ipomoea batata Lam. tuberous roots. BMC Plant Biology, 20, 435. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02642-7
Reddy, V. R. (1995). Modeling ethephon-temperature interactions in cotton. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 13, 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1699(95)00012-S
Grady, J. S., Her, M., Moreno, G., Perez, C., & Yelinek, J. (2019). Emotions in storybooks: A comparison of storybooks that represent ethnic and racial groups in the United States. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(3), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000185
Congress paper: Khan, M., Quade, A., & Murray, D. (2006). Mirid damage assessment in Bollgard II—Critical damage stage and action thresholds at different stages in irrigated and rain-grown cotton. In Proceeding of the 13th Australian Cotton Conference (pp. 543–554). Australian Cotton Growers Research Association.
Books: Steel, R. G. D., & Torrie, J. H. (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 2. ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Publ. Company.
Chapter in Books: Knight, K., Grundy, P., Kauter, G., & Ceeney, S. (2021). Twenty years of successful Bt cotton production in Australia. In G. T. Gujar, Y.A. Trisyono, & M. Chen (Eds.), Genetically modified crops in Asiapacific (pp. 53–74). CSIRO Publishing.
Online References: Holsinger, K. (2008). The genetics of natural selections. http://darwin.eeb.uconn.edu/eeb348/ lecture-notes/selection/selection.html, (Accessed January 20, 2010)
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Türkçe, İngilizce
Prof. Dr. Kenan TURGUT lisans eğitimini 1984 yılında Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümünde, Yüksek Lisans Eğitimini ise 1988 yılında Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalında tamamladı. Doktorasını 1993 yılında İngiltere Leicester Üniversitesi Botanik Bölümünde Bitki Biyoteknolojisi alanında tamamladı. Doktora sonrasında, 1994 yılında Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümünde Yardımcı Doçent, 1996 yılında Doçent ve 2002 yılında Profesör kadrosuna atanmıştır. Prof. Dr. Kenan TURGUT’un İngiltere Leicester Üniversitesi kısa dönem bilimsel ziyaretleri British Council (1997) ve TÜBİTAK – Royal Society (1998) tarafından desteklenmiştir. Avrupa Biyoteknoloji Federasyonunun (EFB) daveti ve desteğiyle 17-26 Haziran 2002 tarihlerinde Oxford Üniversitesinde organize edilen “EU Workshop Course on Biotechnology Ethics and Public Perception of Biotechnology” çalıştayına katıldı. ABD Tarım Bakanlığı ve Missouri Üniversitesinin desteğiyle 28 Ağustos – 8 Eylül 2017 tarihlerinde Missouri Üniversitesi tarafından organize edilen “Biotechnology Regulation Immersion” çalıştayına davetli olarak katıldı. Prof. Dr. Kenan TURGUT tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerde agronomi, ıslah ve biyoteknoloji çalışmaları yürütmektedir. BAP projeleri yanında 3 adet TÜBİTAK 1001 projesi, 1 adet TÜBİTAK SANTEZ ve 1 adet TAGEM Ar-Ge projesini başarıyla tamamladı. Bu projeler sonucunda, yetmişin üzerinde araştırma makalesi yayınladı. Islah çalışmaları sonucunda geliştirmiş olduğu 5 ticari çeşit Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı TTSM tarafından tescil edilerek milli çeşit listesinde yayınlandı. Acta Horticulturae (2009) “Proceedings of First International Medicinal and Aromatic Plants on Culinary Herbs” kitabının ortak editörlüğünü yaptı. Ortak editörlüğünü yaptığı, “Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Turkey” kitabı 2023 yılında Springer Yayınevi tarafından yayınlandı. Ayrıca, 2012-2024 yılları arasında Güney Agripark Ar-Ge Şirketine bilimsel danışmanlık yapmıştır.
Mehdi Rahimi was born in Shiraz, Iran, in 1978. He is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran. His research interests are in the areas of plant breeding (classical breeding, biometry, abiotic stress, molecular breeding, genomics, gene expression). He received his Ph.D. in plant breeding at Tarbiat Modares University during 2008-2013 and M.Sc. in plant breeding at University of Guilan during 2004-2007 and his B.Sc. in agronomy and plant breeding from Shiraz University.
Cukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Adana, Türkiye
Tekirdağ ili Saray İlçesi Beyazköy kasabasında 1966 yılında doğmuştur. Ortaokul ve Lise öğrenimini Kepirtepe Öğretmen Lisesi ve üniversite öğrenimini de 1983-1987 yılları arasında, Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri bölümünde tamamladıktan sonra askerlik görevini yedek subay olarak 1988-89 yıllarında Siirt Pervari Askerlik Şube Başkanı olarak yapmıştır. 1990 yılı Mayıs ayında Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığında Aksaray Tarım İl Müdürlüğü Çiftçi Eğitim ve Yayım Şubesinde II. Tarımsal Yayım ve Uygulamalı Araştırma Projesi’nde (II. TYUAP) Tarla Bitkileri Konu uzmanı ve ilin yayım projelerinin programlanması, planlanması ve yönetiminden sorumlu eleman olarak görev yapmıştır.
1994 yılında Trakya Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü’ne tayin olup, Genetik ve Islah bölümünde ve Ülkesel Ayçiçeği projesinde çalışmaya başlamıştır. 1996-1998 yılları arasında ABD’deki Nebraska Üniversitesinde ‘‘Ayçiçeği Islahı ve Genetiği’ konusunda master eğitimi tamamladıktan sonra, 2002-2013 yılları arası enstitüde Teknik ve İdari işler Müdür Yardımcılığı, İdari işler Koordinatörlüğü ve Ülkesel Yağlı tohumlar Araştırmaları koordinatörlüğü ve Ülkesel Ayçiçeği proje liderliğini yürütmüştür. Bu projede ayçiçeğinde hibrit ıslahı ve üretimi, hastalıklara, zararlılara ve orobanşa dayanıklılık ve diğer ıslah yöntemleri konusunda çalıştı. Bu Ülkesel proje sırasında yurt içinde ve dışında ayçiçeğinde 25 adet hibrit çeşit ve 40 dan fazla ebeveyn hattı geliştirmiştir. Rusya, Ukrayna, Romanya, Macaristan ve İtalya da birçok ayçiçeği çeşidi tescil edilmiş olup, halen ekilmektedir. 1999-2001 yıllarında Trakya Üniversitesi Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri bölümünde Ayçiçeği Islahı ve Genetiği Konusunda doktora eğitimini tamamlamıştır. 2004 yılında ABD Tarım Bakanlığı ve North Dakota Üniversitesi Fargo Ayçiçeği Araştırma Merkezinde “Moleküler Ayçiçeği Islahı” konusunda post doktora yapmıştır. 2011 yılında ise, Üniversite dışından Endüstri bitkileri alanında Doçent ünvanını almıştır.
2013 Kasım ayında enstitüden ayrılarak akademik hayatına başlayarak, Trakya Üniversitesi Havsa Meslek Yüksek Okulu Bitkisel Üretim bölümüne Doçent, 2014 yılı Mart ayından itibaren de, Trakya Üniversitesi Bitki Islahı Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Müdürü olarak görevimi sürdürmektedir. 2016 Kasım ayında da, 2014 Temmuz ayından beri kurucusu olduğu ve halen Bölüm Başkanı olarak görev yaptığı, Trakya Üniversitesi Mühendisilik Fakültesi Genetik ve Biyomühendislik Bölümüne Profesör olarak atanmıştır.
Kurucu başkanı olduğu Türkiye Bitki Islahçıları Derneği başkanlığını uzun yıllar yürütmüştür. Yine Kurucu üyesi olduğu Türkiye Bitki Islahçıları Alt Birliği’nde 2014-2016 yıllarında Başkan olarak hizmet etmiştir.
2011 yılında Kamu Çalışanları Vakfı – Edirne şubesi tarafından Edirne ilinde Yılın Kamu Çalışanı; Türk Ziraat Yüksek Mühendisleri Birliği tarafından 2012 yılında Araştırma Alanında En Başarılı Ziraat Mühendisi; Türkiye Bitki Islahçıları Birliği tarafından da 2017 Yılında En başarılı Bitki Islahçısı seçilmiştir.
2014 yılında Trakya Teknoparkta Trakya Genetik ArGe Şti (Tragen) şirketini Doç Dr Necmi Beşer ile birlikte kurmuştur. Şu anda tohumculukta özel sektör yetkisinde bir ARGE şirketi olarak yağlık ve çerezlik ayçiçeği, çerezlik kabak, buğday, arpa, yulaf, tritikale, çeltik, mısır, yem bezelyesi, nohut ve mercimek te halen TÜBİTAK ve KOSGEB projeleri de dahil olmak üzere, çeşit geliştirme ve ıslah çalışmaları ve diğer ARGE çalışmalarını yürütmektedir. Tragen ArGe şirketi bugüne kadar sektörde oldukça yeni olmasına rağmen, birçok konuda öncü olarak, bugüne kadar 2 adet nohut, 1 mercimek, 1 adet Çerezlik ayçiçeği hibriti ve 1 adet ekmeklik buğday çeşidi geliştirerek şirket adına tescil ettirmiş ve 1 adet yem bezelyesi, 1 arpa ve 2 çerezlik kabak ve 1 adet de ekmeklik buğday geliştirerek üretim izni alınmıştır.
Uluslararası alanda ise, 2010 yılından beri FAO Avrupa Ayçiçeği Araştırma Koordinatörü olarak ülkemizi temsil etmektedir. Yine Bulgaristan da kurulan Karadeniz ülkelerinin katıldığı Karadeniz Biyoteknoloji Derneğinde yönetim kurulu üyesi ve merkezi Fransa Paris de bulunan Dünya Ayçiçeği Derneğinde ise, ülkemizden ilk defa 2008 yılında seçilerek halen yönetim kurulu üyeliği ve 2012-2016 yılları arasında da Yönetim Kurulu Başkanı olarak görev yapmıştır. Uluslar arası Bilim camiasına katkılarından dolayı 2015 yılında Moldova Bilimler Akademisi Üniversitesi Fahri Doktora ünvanı verilmiştir. 2022 yılında da Dünya Ayçiçeği Derneği tarafından her dört yılda bir verilen ve ayçiçeğinin Nobel ödülü olarak sayılan Pustovoit Ödülüne layık görülmüştür. Gerek ülkesel, gerekse uluslararası alanda birçok derneğin üyesi olup, aktif olarak görev yapmaktadır. Ayçiçeği ve yağlı tohumlar konusunda ulusal ve uluslararası bilimsel dergilerde 300 e yakın fazla makale, kitaplarda editör, bölüm yazarlığı, ulusal ve uluslarası bilimsek toplantılarda bildirileri olup, çalışma konularıyla ilgili birçok televizyon programlarına ve gerek ülkemizde, gerekse dünyanın farklı ülkelerinde düzenlenen kırka yakın bilimsel toplantıya, davetli konuşmacı olarak katılmış, birçok uluslararası dergide de halen editör ve hakem olarak görev yapmaktadır. Bugüne kadar 16 adet yüksek katılımlı uluslaraarası kongre ve konferansın organizasyonunu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Evli ve iki çocuk babası olup, çok iyi derecede İngilizce ve orta derecede Fransızca bilmektedir.
01.03.1966 doğumlu (resmi)
Lisans: Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü (1990)
Yüksek Lisans: Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı (1994)
Doktora: Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı (2000)
PROF. DR. MEHMET SİNCİK’İN ÖZGEÇMİŞİ
1972 yılında Bursa’da doğdu. İlk, orta ve lise öğrenimini Bursa’da tamamladıktan sonra, 1990 yılında Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü’nü kazandı. 1995 yılında lisans öğrenimini tamamlayarak, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı’nda yüksek lisans eğitimine başladı. 1996 yılında aynı Anabilim Dalı’na araştırma görevlisi olarak atandı. 1998 yılında yüksek lisansını tamamladı ve aynı yıl, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı’nda doktora eğitimine başladı. 2004 yılında doktora eğitimini tamamlayan araştırıcı; 2010 yılında Doçent ve 2015 yılında Profesör unvanlarını almıştır. Halen Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü’nde öğretim üyesi olarak görev yapmaktadır. Evli ve üç çocuk babasıdır.
1986 yılı Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Lisans
1988 yılı Fen Bilimleri Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans
1993 Yılı Fen Bilimleri Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı Doktora
1995 yılı Dr. Öğretim Üyesi
2000 yılı Doçent
2006 yılı Profesör
LANGUAGE ADITOR
Turkish Journal of Field Crops is published by the Society of Field Crops Science and issued twice a year.
Owner : Prof. Dr. Behçet KIR
Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops
Editor in Chief : Prof. Dr. Emre ILKER
Address : 848 sok. 2. Beyler İşhanı No:72, Kat:3 D.313 35000 Konak-Izmir, TURKEY
Email : turkishjournaloffieldcrops@gmail.com contact@field-crops.org