Research Article

Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Volume: 31 Number: 2 September 2, 2026
  • Workineh Fenta *
  • Assefa Sintayehu
  • Tesfaye Alemu
  • Tilahun Mekonnen
  • Kassahun Tesfaye

Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

This study aimed to identify high-yielding and stable bread wheat genotypes through genotype × environment interaction analysis using GGE biplot methodology. A total of 160 genotypes were evaluated during the 2023 and 2024 cropping seasons at Dabat and Adet in northwestern Ethiopia using an alpha lattice design with two replications. Significant effects of genotype, environment, and their interactions (p ≤ 0.0001) were observed across all eleven agronomic traits studied. The analysis revealed that genotypes G10, G36, G52, G81, and G28 consistently combined superior grain yield with high stability across environments. Among the test sites, Dabat 2024 emerged as an ideal environment for evaluating grain yield performance. Environmental clustering further delineated two distinct mega-environments, providing valuable insights for breeders in selecting genotypes with either specific or broad adaptation. These findings highlight the utility of GGE biplot analysis in guiding wheat breeding programs toward improved yield stability and targeted genotype deployment.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

The authors declare that this manuscript is an original work and has not been submitted or published elsewhere. All data were collected and analyzed following accepted ethical standards for scientific research. Proper acknowledgment has been given to all sources, and plagiarism has been avoided in accordance with the journal’s policy (similarity index ≤15%). The authors confirm that there are no conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that could have influenced the outcomes of this study. All authors have contributed significantly to the research and preparation of the manuscript, and each has approved the final version for submission. The study complies with the ethical principles of the Turkish Journal of Field Crops, including transparency, integrity, and respect for intellectual property.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Crop and Pasture Breeding

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 2, 2026

Submission Date

June 10, 2026

Acceptance Date

September 2, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 31 Number: 2

APA
Fenta, W., Sintayehu, A., Alemu, T., Mekonnen, T., & Tesfaye, K. (2026). Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, 31(2). https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1968388
AMA
1.Fenta W, Sintayehu A, Alemu T, Mekonnen T, Tesfaye K. Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). TJFC. 2026;31(2). doi:10.17557/tjfc.1968388
Chicago
Fenta, Workineh, Assefa Sintayehu, Tesfaye Alemu, Tilahun Mekonnen, and Kassahun Tesfaye. 2026. “Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 31 (2). https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1968388.
EndNote
Fenta W, Sintayehu A, Alemu T, Mekonnen T, Tesfaye K (September 1, 2026) Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 31 2
IEEE
[1]W. Fenta, A. Sintayehu, T. Alemu, T. Mekonnen, and K. Tesfaye, “Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”, TJFC, vol. 31, no. 2, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.17557/tjfc.1968388.
ISNAD
Fenta, Workineh - Sintayehu, Assefa - Alemu, Tesfaye - Mekonnen, Tilahun - Tesfaye, Kassahun. “Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 31/2 (September 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1968388.
JAMA
1.Fenta W, Sintayehu A, Alemu T, Mekonnen T, Tesfaye K. Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). TJFC. 2026;31. doi:10.17557/tjfc.1968388.
MLA
Fenta, Workineh, et al. “Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, vol. 31, no. 2, Sept. 2026, doi:10.17557/tjfc.1968388.
Vancouver
1.Workineh Fenta, Assefa Sintayehu, Tesfaye Alemu, Tilahun Mekonnen, Kassahun Tesfaye. Genotype × Environment Interaction and GGE Biplot Analysis for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). TJFC. 2026 Sep. 1;31(2). doi:10.17557/tjfc.1968388

Turkish Journal of Field Crops is published by the Society of Field Crops Science and issued twice a year.
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