THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN DOSES APPLIED AT DIFFERENT GROWING PERIODS ON THE QUALITY AND YIELD OF OIL TYPE SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) VARIETIES

Abstract

This study was conducted at Erzurum in 2013 and 2014 to determine the effects of nitrogen fertilizer applied three different varieties oil type sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) at different developmental periods on quality and yield. Three sunflower types (Tarsan, L65400 and Imeria), three application times (stage of sowing, emergence and head formation) and four doses of nitrogen (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) was set up in three repetitions at the arrangement of "Split Plot". Oil and protein content and grain and oil yields were investigated in the study. While the effect of N application on oil and protein contents of the experimental years was not significant, its the effect on grain and oil yield was significant. Nitrogen fertilizers applied at the time of sowing had more effect on the other characters than the fertilizer application at the time of flowering and plate formation. The effect of nitrogen doses on all the characters studied was significant. The 30 kg nitrogen application and the rate of protein in 90 kg nitrogen application per ha-1 were higher than other doses of grain and oil. Except for the oil content, there was a significant difference between protein content and varieties for grain and oil yield. As a result of this study, it could be concluded that 60 kg of nitrogen applied at the time of sowing, 90 kg ha-1 of nitrogen dose, early and late sunflower varieties (Imeria and Tarsan) at the time of harvesting to obtained high the grains and oil content.

Keywords

• Developmental stage,nitrogen fertilization,sunflower,yield,yield components

References

1. Arıoglu, H.H. 2007. Breeding and Breeding of Oil Plants. CU Agricultural Faculty General Publication No: 220 Course Books Publication No: A-70, pp, 160-290.
2. Butcher, Y. 1997. Effects of different nitrogen levels on yield and quality in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Harran University Journal of Agricultural Faculty. 1(2): 29-38.
3. Calıskan, O. 1994. The Effect of Nitrogen Based Fertilizer Applied in Various Vegetation Periods on Yield and Important Agricultural Characteristics of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Ondokuz Mayis University Institute of Science. Master Thesis, 54pp.
4. De Giorgio, D., V. Montemurro and F. Fornaro. 2007. Four-year field experiment on nitrogen application to sunflower genotypes grown in semiarid conditions. Helia. 30 (47):15-26.
5. Esendal, E., C. Pasa, V. Pekcan and M.I. Yilmaz. 2010. Effect of Different Doss of Nitrogen on the Yield and Yield Components of Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). 8th European Sunflower Biotechology Conference, 1-3 March 2010, Antalya, Turkey. P:81
6. Fick, G. N. 1978. Sunflower Science and Technology: Breeding and Genetics. In: Carter JF (ed) Sunflower science and technology. ASA, CSSA and SSSA, Madison, pp 279-327
7. Harris, H.C., J.R. McWilliam and W.K. Mason. 1978. Inflorescence of temperature on oil content and composition of sunflower seed. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 29: 203-212.
8. Herdem, E. 1999. Effect of nitrogen (N) doses on yield and yield components in some sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) varieties. Trakya University Institute of Science and Technology. Higher Language Thesis, 45pp.

9. Javier, D., F. Scheiner, H. Guitiérrez-Boem and R.S. Lavado. 2002. Sunflower nitrogen requirement and 15 N fertilizer recovery in Western Pampas, Argentina. European Journal of Agronomy. 17: 73-79.
10. Maltas, A., B.Dupuis and S. Sinaj. 2018. Yield and quality response of two potato cultivars to nitrogen fertilization. Potato Reseach. 61: 97-114.
11. Star, T. 2014. Determination of the effect of different doses of nitrogen on the yield and yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) varieties. Iğdır University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Field Crops Department. Master Thesis, 63pp.
12. Tripathi, H.P and J.S. Sawhney. 1992. Nutrient uptake and quality of sunflower as influenced by irrigation and nitrogen levels. F. Crop abst. 45 (5): 3240.
13. Wagh, R.G., S.S. Babar and S.T. Thoarat. 1992. Effects of sowing time and nitrogen levels on yield and yield attributes of kharif sunflower. Field Crop Abst. 46 (12): 557.