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THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE

Year 2020, , 190 - 196, 07.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.798530

Abstract

This study was conducted in Bornova experimental fields of Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ege, Turkey during 2015 and 2016, in order to determine the effects of treated sewage sludge on yield and quality of vetch + barley mixture. The experimental design was in complete randomized blocks, with four replications. In the trial some characteristics such as plant height, botanical composition, fresh herbage yield, dry matter rate, dry matter yield, the rates of crude protein and crude ash, the yields of crude protein and crude ash, NDF and ADF rates were determined. The results showed that plant height, botanical composition, fresh herbage yield and dry matter yield were significantly affected by the applications. In the study which the highest vetch and barley plant height and dry matter yield were obtained with sewage sludge applications of 20 and 30 t ha-1, the highest vetch botanical composition was obtained with control and mineral fertilizer applications. Sewage sludge application of 10-30 t ha-1 gave the highest barley botanical composition. Dry matter rate, crude ash rate and yield, crude protein rate and yield, NDF and ADF rates were not affected by mineral fertilizer and sewage sludge applications.

Supporting Institution

EGE UNIVERSITY PROJECT COORDINATION UNIT

Project Number

16-ZRF-033

Thanks

This research was supported by the Unit of Scientific Research Projects, Ege University (16-ZRF-033). Present manuscript is a part of the PhD thesis.

References

  • Aesen, A., Baron, V.S., Clayton, G.W., Dick, A.C., and D.H. McCartney. 2004. Swath grazing potential of spring cereals, field pea and mixtures with other species. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 84(4): 1051-1058.
  • Ayub, M., Tanveer, A., Nadeem, M.A., Tahir, M and Ibrahim, M. 2008. Effect of seed proportion and nitrogen application on forage yield and nutritive value of barley-pea mixture harvested at different times. Pak. J. Life Soc. Sci. (2008), 6(2): 135-139.
  • Albayrak, S., Turk, M., Yuksel, O., 2009. Effect of phosphorus fertilization and harvesting stages on forage yield and quality of woolypod vetch. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 14: 30-40.
  • Anac, D. 1993. Some Plant Nutrients and Heavy Metal Contents of Izmir City Garbage Fertilizer. Ege University Research Fund Report, Prject No: 011,Izmir, 39 s.
  • Anonymous, 2016. Turkey Statistical Institute, Ankara.
  • AOAC. 1991. Official methods of analysis. 15th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC.
  • Barbeiro G., Cutaia L. and Librici V., 2013, Treatment and disposal of sewage sludge: comparative life cycle assessment on Italian case study, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 12, 7-10.
  • Bouyoucos, G.J. 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soil. Agronomy Journal, 54(5), 464– 465.
  • Bremner, J.M. 1965. ‘Total Nitrogen’, in C. A. Black (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2, American Society of Agronomy Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. 1149-1178.
  • Binder, D.L., Dobbermann, A., Sander, D.H. and Cassman, K.G., 2002. Biosolids as nitrogen source for irrigated maize and rainfed sorghum. Soil Science Society Of American Journal, 66, 531-543.
  • Bozkurt, M., Yılmaz, İ. and Çimrin, K.M., 2001. The Use of Municipal Sewage Sludge as a Source of Nitrogen in Winter Barley Y.Y.Ü. Journal of Agricultural Sciences,7 (1), 105-110.
  • Carr, P.M., Horsley, R.D., and W.W. Poland. 2004. Barley, oat, and cereal-pea mixtures as dryland forages in the Northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal. 96:677–684.
  • Chandra R., Bharagava R.N., Yadav S., Mohan D., 2009. Accumulation and distribution of toxic metals in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Indian mustard (Brassica campestris L.) irrigated with distillery and tannery effluents. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162.1514–1521.
  • Cocarţa, D. And Badea, A., 2017. Effect of sewage sludge application on wheat crop productivity and heavy metal accumulation in soil and wheat grain, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, Vol.16, No. 5, 1093-1100.
  • Collivignarelli, M.C., Abba A., Padovani S., Frascarolo M., Sciunnach D., Turconi M., and Orlando M., 2015. Recovery of sewage sludge on agricultural land in Lombardy: current issues and regulatory scenarios, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 14, 1477-1486.lphia, 78-94 pp.
  • Celebi, Z.S., Arvas, O., Celebi, R. and Yılmaz, I.H., 2010. Determination of performance of english grass (lolium perenne l.) in the green field established with wastewater treatment sludge. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty.
  • Cimrin, K.M., Karaca, S. and Bozkurt. M.A., 2001. The effect of fertilization on the chemical composition and hay yield of vetch + barley mixture. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 7 (4) 32-36 (in Turkish).
  • Delibacak, S., Ongun, A.R., 2015. Influence of treated sewage sludge applications on corn and succeeding wheat yield and on some properties of sandy clay soil. Turk J Field Crops 2016, 21(1), 1-9 DOI: 10.17557/tjfc.88475.
  • El- Karamany, M.F. ve Ark, 2014. Integrated action of mixture rates and nitrogen levels on quantity and quality of forage mixture from egyptian clover and barley in sandy soil. Field Crops Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt. Agricultural Sciences, 5, 1539-1546.
  • Goering, H.K., Van Soest, P.J., 1970. Forage fibre analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). Agriculture Handbook No. 379, Agric. Res. Serv., USDA, Washington, DC, USA, 20 pp.
  • Hirel. B., Le Gouis. J., Ney. B., Gallais. A., 2007. The challenge of improving nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants: towards a more central role for genetic variability and quantitative genetics within integrated approaches. J. Exp. Bot. 58. 2369-2387.
  • IARTC. 2012. Weather Station Climate Datas of International Agricultural Research and Traning Center. Menemen, İzmir.
  • Iticescu. C., Georgescu. L.P., Gurau G., Murarescu. M., Dima. D., Murariu. G., Gheorghies. C., 2015. Methods to reduce environmental impact of municipal waste water sewage sludge, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 10, 2457-2463.
  • Jackson, M.L, 1967. Soil chemical analysis. Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, Newdelhi.
  • Karaca, S. and Çimrin, K.M., 2002. Effects of the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on the yield and quality of the common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture. Yuzuncu Yıl University, Faculty of Agriculture, Journal of Agricultural Sciences (J. Agric. Sci), 12(1):47-52 (in Turkish).
  • Keskin, B., Bozkurt, M.A. and Akdeniz, H., 2010. The effects of sewage sludge and nitrogen fertilizer application on nutrient and heavy metal concentration of soil and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 9 (5): 896-902.
  • Keskin, B., Bozkurt, M.A. and Akdeniz, H., 2012. Effects of sewage sludge and nitrogen fertilizer application on nutrient and heavy metal concentrations in grass-legume mixtures. Igdır Üni. Fen Bilimleri Enst. Der. 2(3): 93-102.
  • Kutuk, C., G. Caycı, A. Baran ve O. Baskan, 2000. Determination of agricultural usage possibilities of brewery wastes. Ankara University Research Fund Project Final Report, 98-11-10-01, 35s.
  • Lindner, R.C., 1944. Rapid analytical methods for some of the more common organic substances of plant and soil. Plant Physiology, 29: 76-84.
  • Lindsay, W.L. and Norvell, W.A., 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu. Soil Amer. J., 42 (3): 421-428.
  • Olsen, S.R. and Sommers, L.E., 1982. Do plants have a choice of traits to be modulated? evidence from an ınvasive plant mikania micrantha kunth in different urban environments. Page, A.L., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties, American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, 403-430.
  • Ozguven, N.C ve A.V. Katkat, 2001. The possibilities of using mis süt sanayi treatment plant waste in agriculture. U.U. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Vol. 15, s. 139-149.
  • Pedreno, N.J., I. Gomez, R. Moral and J. Mataix, 1996. Improving the agricultural value of a semi-arid soil by addition of sewage sludge and almond residue, Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 58: 115-119.
  • Pratt, P.F., 1965. Potassium. In: C A Black (Ed), Methods of Soil Analysis Part II: Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Madison, Wisconsin: ASA, pp. 1023-1031.
  • Rosenberg, A.S., 2006. Effects of protein aggregates: an immunologic perspective. The AAPS Journal 8(3):E501-7.
  • Schlichting, E. Und H.P. Blume. 1966. Bodenkundliches Praktikum. Verlag Paul Paney, Hamburg Und Berlin.
  • Schiopu, A.M., Apostol, I., Hodoreanu, M., Gavrilescu, M., 2007. Solid waste in Romania: management, treatment and pollution prevention practices. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 6, 451-465.
  • Sommer, L.E, 1977. chemical composition of sewage sludges and analysis of their potential as fertilizers. J. Environ. Quality, 6: 225-239.
  • Soyergin, S,. 2003. Conservatıon of soil productivity, fertilizers and organic soil ımprovers ın organic agriculture. Ataturk Horticultural Central Research Institute, Yalova (in Turkish).
  • Soumare, M., A. Demeyer, F.M.G. Tack and M.G. Verloo, 2002. Chemical characteristics of Malian and Belgian solid waste composts. Bioresource Technology, 81: 97-101.
  • Strydhorst, S.M., J.R. King., K.J. Lopetinsky and K.N. Harker. 2008. Forage potential of intercropping barley with faba bean, lupin, or field pea. Agronomy Journal. 100: 96:182- 190.
  • Sumner, M.E., 2000. Beneficial use of effluents wastes and biosolids. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 31, 1701-1715.
  • SPSS 17.0. 2008. SPSS 17.0 for Windows. Chicago, IL, SPSS Inc.
  • Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J. H., 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw Hill Book Co., Inc., New York.
  • Uzun, P. and Bilgili, U., 2011. Possibilities of using sewage sludge in agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, Vol. 25, Sayı 2, 135-146 (in Turkish).
  • Unal, M. ve A.V, Katkat, 2003. The effects of biscuit and candy factory sludge on soil properties and some mineral content of maize. Journal of Uludağ University Faculty of Agriculture. 17 (1): 107-118 (in Turkish).
  • Yalcın, G., Yavuz, R., Yılmaz., M., Taspınar, K. and Ates, O, 2010. Evalution of sewage sludge on agricultural lands. Journal of Enginneering and Natural Scinces. Eskishehir Soil and Water Resources Research Institute, Eskishehir 156-164 (in Turkish).
  • Van Soest, P.J. 1996. Allometry and ecology of feeding behavior and digestive capacity in herbivores: A Review. Zoo Biology 15:455 – 479.
  • Vermes L, 1998.Waste management and waste utilization (In Hungarian). Mezogazda Kiado, Budapest.
Year 2020, , 190 - 196, 07.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.798530

Abstract

Project Number

16-ZRF-033

References

  • Aesen, A., Baron, V.S., Clayton, G.W., Dick, A.C., and D.H. McCartney. 2004. Swath grazing potential of spring cereals, field pea and mixtures with other species. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 84(4): 1051-1058.
  • Ayub, M., Tanveer, A., Nadeem, M.A., Tahir, M and Ibrahim, M. 2008. Effect of seed proportion and nitrogen application on forage yield and nutritive value of barley-pea mixture harvested at different times. Pak. J. Life Soc. Sci. (2008), 6(2): 135-139.
  • Albayrak, S., Turk, M., Yuksel, O., 2009. Effect of phosphorus fertilization and harvesting stages on forage yield and quality of woolypod vetch. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 14: 30-40.
  • Anac, D. 1993. Some Plant Nutrients and Heavy Metal Contents of Izmir City Garbage Fertilizer. Ege University Research Fund Report, Prject No: 011,Izmir, 39 s.
  • Anonymous, 2016. Turkey Statistical Institute, Ankara.
  • AOAC. 1991. Official methods of analysis. 15th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC.
  • Barbeiro G., Cutaia L. and Librici V., 2013, Treatment and disposal of sewage sludge: comparative life cycle assessment on Italian case study, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 12, 7-10.
  • Bouyoucos, G.J. 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soil. Agronomy Journal, 54(5), 464– 465.
  • Bremner, J.M. 1965. ‘Total Nitrogen’, in C. A. Black (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2, American Society of Agronomy Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. 1149-1178.
  • Binder, D.L., Dobbermann, A., Sander, D.H. and Cassman, K.G., 2002. Biosolids as nitrogen source for irrigated maize and rainfed sorghum. Soil Science Society Of American Journal, 66, 531-543.
  • Bozkurt, M., Yılmaz, İ. and Çimrin, K.M., 2001. The Use of Municipal Sewage Sludge as a Source of Nitrogen in Winter Barley Y.Y.Ü. Journal of Agricultural Sciences,7 (1), 105-110.
  • Carr, P.M., Horsley, R.D., and W.W. Poland. 2004. Barley, oat, and cereal-pea mixtures as dryland forages in the Northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal. 96:677–684.
  • Chandra R., Bharagava R.N., Yadav S., Mohan D., 2009. Accumulation and distribution of toxic metals in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Indian mustard (Brassica campestris L.) irrigated with distillery and tannery effluents. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162.1514–1521.
  • Cocarţa, D. And Badea, A., 2017. Effect of sewage sludge application on wheat crop productivity and heavy metal accumulation in soil and wheat grain, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, Vol.16, No. 5, 1093-1100.
  • Collivignarelli, M.C., Abba A., Padovani S., Frascarolo M., Sciunnach D., Turconi M., and Orlando M., 2015. Recovery of sewage sludge on agricultural land in Lombardy: current issues and regulatory scenarios, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 14, 1477-1486.lphia, 78-94 pp.
  • Celebi, Z.S., Arvas, O., Celebi, R. and Yılmaz, I.H., 2010. Determination of performance of english grass (lolium perenne l.) in the green field established with wastewater treatment sludge. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty.
  • Cimrin, K.M., Karaca, S. and Bozkurt. M.A., 2001. The effect of fertilization on the chemical composition and hay yield of vetch + barley mixture. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 7 (4) 32-36 (in Turkish).
  • Delibacak, S., Ongun, A.R., 2015. Influence of treated sewage sludge applications on corn and succeeding wheat yield and on some properties of sandy clay soil. Turk J Field Crops 2016, 21(1), 1-9 DOI: 10.17557/tjfc.88475.
  • El- Karamany, M.F. ve Ark, 2014. Integrated action of mixture rates and nitrogen levels on quantity and quality of forage mixture from egyptian clover and barley in sandy soil. Field Crops Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt. Agricultural Sciences, 5, 1539-1546.
  • Goering, H.K., Van Soest, P.J., 1970. Forage fibre analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). Agriculture Handbook No. 379, Agric. Res. Serv., USDA, Washington, DC, USA, 20 pp.
  • Hirel. B., Le Gouis. J., Ney. B., Gallais. A., 2007. The challenge of improving nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants: towards a more central role for genetic variability and quantitative genetics within integrated approaches. J. Exp. Bot. 58. 2369-2387.
  • IARTC. 2012. Weather Station Climate Datas of International Agricultural Research and Traning Center. Menemen, İzmir.
  • Iticescu. C., Georgescu. L.P., Gurau G., Murarescu. M., Dima. D., Murariu. G., Gheorghies. C., 2015. Methods to reduce environmental impact of municipal waste water sewage sludge, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 10, 2457-2463.
  • Jackson, M.L, 1967. Soil chemical analysis. Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, Newdelhi.
  • Karaca, S. and Çimrin, K.M., 2002. Effects of the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on the yield and quality of the common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture. Yuzuncu Yıl University, Faculty of Agriculture, Journal of Agricultural Sciences (J. Agric. Sci), 12(1):47-52 (in Turkish).
  • Keskin, B., Bozkurt, M.A. and Akdeniz, H., 2010. The effects of sewage sludge and nitrogen fertilizer application on nutrient and heavy metal concentration of soil and smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 9 (5): 896-902.
  • Keskin, B., Bozkurt, M.A. and Akdeniz, H., 2012. Effects of sewage sludge and nitrogen fertilizer application on nutrient and heavy metal concentrations in grass-legume mixtures. Igdır Üni. Fen Bilimleri Enst. Der. 2(3): 93-102.
  • Kutuk, C., G. Caycı, A. Baran ve O. Baskan, 2000. Determination of agricultural usage possibilities of brewery wastes. Ankara University Research Fund Project Final Report, 98-11-10-01, 35s.
  • Lindner, R.C., 1944. Rapid analytical methods for some of the more common organic substances of plant and soil. Plant Physiology, 29: 76-84.
  • Lindsay, W.L. and Norvell, W.A., 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu. Soil Amer. J., 42 (3): 421-428.
  • Olsen, S.R. and Sommers, L.E., 1982. Do plants have a choice of traits to be modulated? evidence from an ınvasive plant mikania micrantha kunth in different urban environments. Page, A.L., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties, American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, 403-430.
  • Ozguven, N.C ve A.V. Katkat, 2001. The possibilities of using mis süt sanayi treatment plant waste in agriculture. U.U. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Vol. 15, s. 139-149.
  • Pedreno, N.J., I. Gomez, R. Moral and J. Mataix, 1996. Improving the agricultural value of a semi-arid soil by addition of sewage sludge and almond residue, Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 58: 115-119.
  • Pratt, P.F., 1965. Potassium. In: C A Black (Ed), Methods of Soil Analysis Part II: Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Madison, Wisconsin: ASA, pp. 1023-1031.
  • Rosenberg, A.S., 2006. Effects of protein aggregates: an immunologic perspective. The AAPS Journal 8(3):E501-7.
  • Schlichting, E. Und H.P. Blume. 1966. Bodenkundliches Praktikum. Verlag Paul Paney, Hamburg Und Berlin.
  • Schiopu, A.M., Apostol, I., Hodoreanu, M., Gavrilescu, M., 2007. Solid waste in Romania: management, treatment and pollution prevention practices. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 6, 451-465.
  • Sommer, L.E, 1977. chemical composition of sewage sludges and analysis of their potential as fertilizers. J. Environ. Quality, 6: 225-239.
  • Soyergin, S,. 2003. Conservatıon of soil productivity, fertilizers and organic soil ımprovers ın organic agriculture. Ataturk Horticultural Central Research Institute, Yalova (in Turkish).
  • Soumare, M., A. Demeyer, F.M.G. Tack and M.G. Verloo, 2002. Chemical characteristics of Malian and Belgian solid waste composts. Bioresource Technology, 81: 97-101.
  • Strydhorst, S.M., J.R. King., K.J. Lopetinsky and K.N. Harker. 2008. Forage potential of intercropping barley with faba bean, lupin, or field pea. Agronomy Journal. 100: 96:182- 190.
  • Sumner, M.E., 2000. Beneficial use of effluents wastes and biosolids. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 31, 1701-1715.
  • SPSS 17.0. 2008. SPSS 17.0 for Windows. Chicago, IL, SPSS Inc.
  • Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J. H., 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw Hill Book Co., Inc., New York.
  • Uzun, P. and Bilgili, U., 2011. Possibilities of using sewage sludge in agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, Vol. 25, Sayı 2, 135-146 (in Turkish).
  • Unal, M. ve A.V, Katkat, 2003. The effects of biscuit and candy factory sludge on soil properties and some mineral content of maize. Journal of Uludağ University Faculty of Agriculture. 17 (1): 107-118 (in Turkish).
  • Yalcın, G., Yavuz, R., Yılmaz., M., Taspınar, K. and Ates, O, 2010. Evalution of sewage sludge on agricultural lands. Journal of Enginneering and Natural Scinces. Eskishehir Soil and Water Resources Research Institute, Eskishehir 156-164 (in Turkish).
  • Van Soest, P.J. 1996. Allometry and ecology of feeding behavior and digestive capacity in herbivores: A Review. Zoo Biology 15:455 – 479.
  • Vermes L, 1998.Waste management and waste utilization (In Hungarian). Mezogazda Kiado, Budapest.
There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Seda Rajabi Khiabani This is me 0000-0002-5020-6029

Ahmet Esen Çelen 0000-0002-6351-0396

Project Number 16-ZRF-033
Publication Date December 7, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020

Cite

APA Rajabi Khiabani, S., & Çelen, A. E. (2020). THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, 25(2), 190-196. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.798530
AMA Rajabi Khiabani S, Çelen AE. THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE. TJFC. December 2020;25(2):190-196. doi:10.17557/tjfc.798530
Chicago Rajabi Khiabani, Seda, and Ahmet Esen Çelen. “THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 25, no. 2 (December 2020): 190-96. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.798530.
EndNote Rajabi Khiabani S, Çelen AE (December 1, 2020) THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 25 2 190–196.
IEEE S. Rajabi Khiabani and A. E. Çelen, “THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE”, TJFC, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 190–196, 2020, doi: 10.17557/tjfc.798530.
ISNAD Rajabi Khiabani, Seda - Çelen, Ahmet Esen. “THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 25/2 (December 2020), 190-196. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.798530.
JAMA Rajabi Khiabani S, Çelen AE. THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE. TJFC. 2020;25:190–196.
MLA Rajabi Khiabani, Seda and Ahmet Esen Çelen. “THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, vol. 25, no. 2, 2020, pp. 190-6, doi:10.17557/tjfc.798530.
Vancouver Rajabi Khiabani S, Çelen AE. THE EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATIONS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF VETCH + BARLEY MIXTURE. TJFC. 2020;25(2):190-6.

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