INCREASING GENETIC DIVERSITY OF COTTON BREEDING PROGRAMS IN VENEZUELA

Year 2018, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 151 - 158, 15.12.2018

Manuel Guzman Luis Vılaın Tatiana Rondon

https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.484975

Cited By: 2

Abstract

There is a steady increase of demands for textile crops, where cotton is the most popular natural fiber, therefore, it is necessary to exploit cotton genetic resources. In order to develop and improve crop populations, a cotton breeding program requires access to new sources of germplasm. With the objectives to evaluate the productivity of local and introduced genotypes from Syria and Brazil, and to expand the genetic base in the Venezuelan Cotton Breeding Program, 16 genotypes were evaluated at three locations in Venezuela during 2013 and 2014 using a randomized complete block design, with three replications. The traits evaluated were plant height, stem diameter, lint yield, boll weight, number of seed per boll, 100-seed weight, and fiber content. Highly significant differences (P≤0.01) were observed among genotypes, environments and their interaction for all traits, except for lint yield and number of seed per boll across environments. ʻC-2955-25ʼ showed high yield (3514.3 kg.ha-1) but was unstable across environments used in the evaluation. ʻL-2955-13ʼ was stable across the environments, suggesting that it would be a good parent. All the genotypes obtained values of lint percent above of 38%. The Syrians genotypes ʻAleppo-11ʼ and ʻAleppo-90ʼ showed high lint yield and good agronomic performance. Genotypes identified in this study could be used as potential sources of germplasm to be introduced in future breeding programs.

Keywords

Foreign genotypes, Gossypium hirsutum L., lint yield, lint percent

References

• Allen, R.D. 2012. Evaluation of drought tolerance strategies in cotton. In: Water Sustainability in Agriculture, ed. Eaglesham, A., Korth, K. and Hardy, R.W.F., 45-63, National Agricultural Biotechnology Council. Ithaca, New York, USA.
• Anwar, A.M., M.I. Gill, D. Muhammad and M.N. Afzal. 2002. Evaluation of cotton varieties at different doses of nitrogen fertilizer. The Pakistan Cottons. 46: 35-41.
• Ashokkumar, K. and R. Ravikesavan. 2011. Morphological diversity and per se performance in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Journal of Agricultural Science. 3:107-113.
• Beyer, B., C.W. Smith, R. Percy, S. Hague and E. Hequet. 2014. Test cross evaluation of upland cotton accessions for selected fiber properties. Crop Science. 54: 60-67.
• Bourland, F. and G. Myers. 2015. Conventional cotton breeding. In: Cotton. 2nd Edition. Agronomy monograph N°57, ed. Fang D. and R. Percy, 205-228. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
• Bowman, D.T. 2000. Attributes of public and private cotton breeding programs. Journal of Cotton Science. 4: 130–136.
• Bradow, J.M. and G.H. Danidonis. 2000. Quantitation of fiber quality and the cotton production-processing interface: A physiologist’s perspective. Journal of Cotton Science. 4: 34–64.
• Campbell, B.T. and M.A. Jones. 2005. Assessment of genotype x environment interactions for yield and fibre quality in cotton performance traits. Euphytica 144: 69-79.
• Campbell, B.T., P.W. Chee, E.L. Lubbers, D.T. Bowman, W.R. Meredith, J. Johnson, and D.E. Fraser. 2011. Genetic improvement of the Pee Dee cotton germplasm collection following seventy years of plant breeding. Crop Science. 51: 955–968.
• Carvalho, L.P. de, J.N. da Costa, J.W. dos Santos and F.P. de Andrade. 1995. Adaptabilidade e estabilidade em cultivares de algodoeiro herbáceo. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. 30: 207-213.
• Constable, G.A., D.J. Llewellyn, S.A. Walford and J.D. Clement. 2015. Cotton breeding for fiber quality improvement. In: Industrial crops: breeding for bioenergy and bioproducts, ed. Cruz, V.M. and D.A. Dierig, 191-232, Springer-Verlag. New York. USA.
• Copur, O. 2006. Determination of yield and yield components of some cotton cultivars in semi-arid conditions. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science. 9: 2572-2578.
• Crossa, J.L., H.G. Gauch Jr. and R.W. Zobel. 1990. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis of two international maize cultivars trials. Crop Science. 30: 493-500.
• de Souza, L.V., G.V. Miranda, J.C. Cardoso-Galvão, L.J. Moreira-Guimarães and I.C. dos Santos. 2009. Combining ability of maize grain yield under different levels of environmental stress. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira. 44:1297-1303.
• Dewdar, M.D.H. 2013. Stability analysis and genotype x environment interactions of some Egyptian cotton cultivars cultivated. African Journal of Agricultural Research 8: 5156-5160.
• Djaboutou, M.C., S.S. Houedjissin, A.C. Djihinto, M.G. Sinha, F.J-B. Quenum, G.H. Cacaï and C. Ahanhanzo. 2017. Adaptability and stability of six cotton genotypes (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in three cotton growing regions of Benin. International Journal of Current Research in Bioscience and Plant Biology. 4: 26-33.
• Elms, M., C. Green and P. Johnson. 2001. Variability of cotton yield and quality. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 32: 351–368.
• Farias, F.J.C., L.P. Carvalho, J.L. Silva-Filho and P.E. Teodoro. 2016. Biplot analysis of phenotypic stability in upland cotton genotypes in Mato Grosso. Genetics and Molecular Research 15 (2): gmr.15028009
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2018. FAOSTAT Database. Rome, Italy: FAO. http://www.fao.org/faostat/es/#data/QC (Accessed May 20, 2018)
• Gonzalez, T., E. Monteverde, C. Marin and P. Madriz. 2007. Comparación de tres métodos para estimar estabilidad del rendimiento en nueve variedades de algodón. Interciencia 32: 344-348.
• Gonzalez, T. and R. Salas. 2012. El cultivo de algodón en Venezuela. In: Análisis de la situación agrícola de rubros seleccionados en Venezuela durante el periodo 2000-2010, 177-192. Revista Alcance N°72. Facultad de Agronomía. UCV. Maracay, Venezuela.
• Hassan, I.S.M., A.S. Mohamed and L.M.A. Abdel-Rahman. 2005. Comparative study on seed cotton yield, oil and protein contents in the seed of some Egyptian cotton cultivars grown at different locations. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research. 83: 735-750.
• International Cotton Advisory Committee. 2016. Cotton: world statistics. ICAD. Washington, USA.
• Jiang, Y., L. Changying and A. Patterson. 2016. High throughput phenotyping of cotton plant height using depth images under field conditions. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 130: 57-68.
• Johnson, R., J. Bradow, P. Bauer and E. Sadler. 1999. Spatial variability of cotton fiber yield and quality in relation to soil variability. In: Precision Agriculture, ed. Robert, P.C., Rust, R.H. and Larson, W.E., 487-497, ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
• Johnson, R., R. Downer, J. Bradow, P. Bauer and E. Sadler. 2002. Variability in cotton fiber yield, fiber quality, and soil properties in a southeastern coastal plain. Agronomy Journal. 94: 1305–1316.
• Khan, N.U., G. Hassan, K.B. Marwat, M.B. Kumbhar, I. Khan, Z.A. Soomro, M.J. Baloch and M.Z. Khan. 2009. Legacy study of cottonseed traits in upland cotton using Griffing’s combining ability model. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 41: 131-142.
• Killi, F. and O. Gencer. 1995. Determination of adaptation abilities of some cotton genotypes to environment using different stability parameters. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 19: 361-365.
• Killi, F. and E. Harem. 2006. Genotype x environment interaction and stability analysis of cotton yield in Aegean region of Turkey. Journal of Environmental Biology. 27: 427-430.
• Luan, M., X. Guo, Y. Zhang and J. Yao. 2008. Genetic effect on yield and fiber quality traits of 16 chromosome substitution lines in upland cotton. Agricultural Science in China. 7:1290-1297.
• May, O.L., D.T. Bowman and D.S. Calhoun. 1995. Genetic diversity of U.S. Upland cotton cultivars released between 1980 and 1990. Crop Science. 35:1570-1574.
• Meredith, W.R., Jr. 2000. Cotton yield progress – why has it reached a plateau. Better Crops with plant Food. 84: 6-9.
• Murakami, D. M., A.A. Cardoso, C.D. Cruz and N. Bizão. 2004. Considerações sobre duas metodologias de análise de estabilidade e estabilidade. Ciência Rural, 34: 71-78.
• O’Berry, N.B., J.C. Faircloth, M.A. Jones, D.A. Herbert, Jr., A.O. Abaye, T.E. McKemie and C. Brownie. 2009. Differential responses of cotton cultivars when applying mepiquat pentaborate. Agronomy Journal. 101: 25–31.
• Ragsdale, P.I and C.W. Smith. 2007. Germplasm potential for trait improvement in Upland Cotton: diallel analysis of within-boll seed yield components. Crop Science. 47: 1013–1017.
• Reeves, R.B., J.K. Greene, F.P.F. Reay-Jones, M.D. Toews and P.D. Gerard. 2010. Effects of adjacent habitat on populations of stink bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in cotton as part of a variable agroecosystem. Environmental Entomology. 39:1420–1427.
• SAS Institute Inc. 2011. SAS/STAT 9.3 User´s Guide. Cary. NC. USA. SAS Institute Inc. 8640 p.
• Silva Filho J.L., C.L. Morello, F.J.C. Farias, F.M. Lamas, M.B. Pedrosa and J.L. Ribeiro. 2008. Comparação de métodos para avaliar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade produtiva em algodoeiro. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. 43: 349-355.
• Suinaga, F.A., C.S. Bastos and L.E. Pacifici. 2006. Phenotypic adaptability and stability of cotton cultivars in Mato Grosso state, Brazil. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical. 36: 145-150
• Unay, A., H. Basal, A. Erkul and Z. Yuksekkaya. 2004. Stability analysis of upland cotton genotypes to the Aegean region in Turkey. Asian Journal of Plant Science. 3: 36-38.
• Venugopalan, M.V. and R. Pundarikakshudu. 1999. Long-term effect of nutrient management and cropping system on cotton yield and soil fertility in rainfed Vertisols. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 55: 159–164.
• Yan, W. 2002. Singular-value partitioning in biplot analysis of multi-environmental trial data. Agronomy Journal. 94: 990-996.
• Yan, W. and M.S. Kang. 2003. GGE biplot analysis: A graphical tool for breeders, geneticists, and agronomists. CRC Press, New York.
• Yuan, Y.L., T.Z. Zhang and W.Z. Guo. 2005. Diallel analysis of superior fiber quality properties in selected upland cottons. Acta Genetica Sinica. 32: 79-85.
• Zakhidov, E., S. Nematov and V. Kuvondikov. 2016. Monitoring of the Drought Tolerance of Various Cotton Genotypes Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence. In: Applied Photosynthesis - New Progress, ed, Najafpour, M., 91-110, InTechOpen Limited, London, UK.
• Zhang, J. F., Y. Lu, H. Adragna and E. Hughs. 2005. Genetic Improvement of New Mexico Acala Cotton Germplasm and Their Genetic Diversity. Crop Science. 45: 2363–2373.
• Zotz, G., P. Hietz and G. Schmidt. 2001. Small plants, large plants: the importance of plant size for the physiological ecology of vascular epiphytes. Journal of Experimental Botany. 52: 2051–2056.