EVALUATION OF SOLID BIOGAS FERMENTATION RESIDUE AS A SOURCE OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON BERSEEM CLOVER (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)

Year 2019, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 138 - 144, 15.12.2019

Mustafa Sürmen , Emre Kara

https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.540782

Abstract

The
study was carried out in order to investigate the effects of 5 different solid
biogas fermentation residue doses (0, 0.5, 1, 2 t da-1) on the yield and
quality of berseem clover (Trifolium
alexandrinum L.) in Aydın province. In the study, no chemical fertilizers
were applied and the harvest was carried out at 50-100% flowering time. In the
study, hay yield (kg da^-1), leaf / stem ratio (%), Ca (%), Mg (%),
crude ash content (%), Acid Detergen Fiber (ADF (%)), Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF
(%)), crude protein content (%) parameters are measured. Crude protein yield yield
(kg da^-1) and relative feed value calculated after the measurements.
According to the results, in 2016-2018 years average hay yield was obtained
from 552.98 kg da^-1 of 1.5 t da^-1 solid biogas residue
application. In terms of crude protein content, the highest value in 2016-2018
years was found as 22,88% in 1 t da^-1 fertilizer application. As a
result of the study, it was found that solid biogas waste had positive effects
on feed efficiency and quality when all parameters were evaluated. Especially 1
t da^-1 and 1.5 t da^-1 solid biogas residue fertilizer
doses were determined to come to the fore in the berseem clover.

Keywords

Berseem clover, biogas residue, fertilizer

References

• Abubaker J., K. Risberg and M. Pell. 2012. Biogas residues as fertilisers – Effects on wheat growth and soil microbial activities. App. Energy 99: 126–134.
• Abogadallah, G.M. and W. P. Quick. 2010. Fast versatile regeneration of Trifolium alexandrinum L. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 100:39–48.
• Açıkgöz, E. 2001. Forage Crops. VIPAS publication number 58, 584p. Bursa. (In Turkish)
• Albayrak, S., Z. Mut and Ö. Töngel. 2006. Hay and grain yields with some agricultural traits of Triticale (XTriticosecale Wittmack) lines. SDU J. Fac. of Agric. 1(1):13-21.
• Alburquerque, J.A., C. de la Fuente and M.P. Bernal. 2012. Chemical properties of anaerobic digestates affecting C and N dynamics in amended soils. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 160:15-22.
• Anonymous. 2018. Çakmar Neighborhood climate data for long years. Retrieved on September 01, 2018 From: http://en.climate-data.org/location/631889/
• AOAC. 2003. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. 17th Ed. 2nd Rev. Gaithersburg, MD, USA. Association of Analytical Communities.
• Arthurson, V. 2009. closing the global energy and nutrient cycles through application of biogas residue to agricultural land — potential benefits and drawback. Energies 2: 226–242.
• Atlas of Energy. 2019. Biyogaz, Biyokütle, Atık Isı ve Pirolitik Yağ Enerji Santralleri. https://www.enerjiatlasi.com/biyogaz/ accesed at 10.03.2019.
• Bulgurlu, S. and M. Ergul. 1978. Physical, chemical and biological analyses methods of feeds. Izmir, Ege Univ. Agric. Fac. Publish No: 127 (in Turkish).
• Caballero Garcfa de Arovalo, R., M. Arauzo Sfinchez and E.J. Hernaiz Algarra. 1994. Response to N-fertilizer of Italian ryegrass grown alone and in mixture with berseem clover under continental irrigated mediterranean conditions. FertilizerResearch 39: 105-112.
• Fouda, S., S. von Tucher, F. Lichti, and U. Schmidhalter. 2013. Nitrogen availability of various biogas residues applied to ryegrass. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 176: 572–584.
• Graves, W.L., W.A. Williams, V.A.Wegrzyn, D.M. Calderon, M.R. George and J.L. Sullins. 1987. Berseem clover is getting a second chance. Calıfornıa agrıculture. 15-18. California. USA.
• Gross, C.F. and G. A. Jung. 1981. Season, Temperature, Soil pH, and Mg Fertilizer Effects on Herbage Ca and P Levels and Ratios of Grasses and Legumes. Agr. J. 73(4): 629-634.
• Hakyemez, B.H. and C. Sancak. 2005. Adaptation of Some Berseem Clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) Varieties to the Irrigated Conditions of Ankara and Changes in Yield According to the Cutting Orders. Tar. Bil. Dergisi. 11:(4) 406-410.
• Holm-Nielsen, J.B., T. Al Seadi and P. Oleskowicz-Popiel. 2009. The future of anaerobic digestion and biogas utilization. Bioresour. Technol. 100: 5478–5484.
• Horrocks R.D. and J.F. Vallentine. 1999. Harvested Forages. San Diego, California, USA. Academic Press, 3-87,
• Hupfauf, S., S. Bachmann, M. Fernández-Delgado Juárez, H. Insama and B. Eichler-Löbermann. Biogas digestates affect crop P uptake and soil microbial community composition. Sci. of the Total Env.. 542: 1144–1154
• Insam, H., M. Gómez-Brandón and J. Ascher. 2015. Manure-based biogas fermentation residues — friend or foe of soil fertility? Soil Biol. Biochem. 84: 1–14.
• Islam, R., S Mohammad, E.Rahman, M. Rahman O.H. Deog Hwan and R.A. Chang Six. 2010. The effects of biogas slurry on the production and quality of maize fodder. Turk J Agric. For. 34: 91-99.
• Joachim, H., G. Jung. 1997. Analysis of forage fiber and cell walls in ruminant nutrition. J Nutr 127: 810–813.
• Karslı, M.A., J.R. Russell and M.J. Hersom. 1999. Evaluation of berseem clover in diets of ruminants consuming corn crop residues. Journal of Animal Science. 77: 2873-2882.
• Koç, A. 2013. Effect of phosphorus doses and application time on the yield and quality of hay and botanical composition of clover dominant meadow in highlands of Turkey. Turk. J. of Field Crops. 18:(2), 205-210.
• Ladyman, K.P., M.S. Kerleyl, R.L. Kallenbachl, H.E. Garrett, J.W. Van Sambee and N.E. Navarrete-Tindall. 2003. Quality and Quantity Evaluations of Shade Grown Forages. AFTA 2003 Conf. Proceedings. 175-181.
• Mitran, T., R. Swaroop Meena, R. Lal, J. Layek, S. Kumar, and R. Datta. 2018. Role of Soil Phosphorus on Legume Production. Chapter 13. In book: Legumes for Soil Health and Sustainable Mangement. Editor: R.S. Meena, A. Das, G.S. Yadav, R.Lal. Springer. USA.
• Moller, J., A. Boldrin and T.H. Christensen. 2009. Anaerobic digestion and digestate use: accounting of greenhouses gases and global warming contribution. Waste Manage. Res. 27: 813–824.
• Nkoa, R. 2014. Agricultural benefits and environmental risks of soil fertilization with anaerobic digestates: a review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 34,:473-492.
• Risberg, K., H. Cederlund, M. Pell, V. Arthurson and A. Schnürer. 2017. Comparative characterization of digestate versus pig slurry and cow manure – Chemical composition and effects on soil microbial activity. Waste Management. 61: 529–538.
• Rózyło, K., U. Gawlik-Dziki, M.Swieca, R. Rózyło and E.Pałys. 2015. Winter wheat fertilized with biogas residue and mining waste: yielding and the quality of grain. J. Sci. Food Agric. 96: 3454–3461.
• SAS Institute. 1998. INC SAS/STAT users’ guide release 7.0, Cary, NC, USA.
• SPSS Inc. 1999. SPSS for Windows. Release, 10.0 copyright SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA.
• Stinner, W., K. Moller and G. Leithold. 2008. Effects of biogas digestion of clover/grass-leys, cover crops and crop residues on nitrogen cycle and crop yield in organic stockless farming systems. Eur. J. Agron. 29: 125–134.
• Sullivan, T., M. Stromberger, M. Paschke and J. Ippolito. 2006. Long-term impacts of infrequent biosolids applications on chemical and microbial properties of a semi-arid rangeland soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils 42: 258-266.
• Sürmen, M., T. Yavuz and N. Çankaya, 2011. Effects of Phosphorus Fertilization and Harvesting Stages on Forage Yield and Quality of Common Vetch, International Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment – JFAE 9: (1). 353-355.
• Stewart, C.B., P.A. Beck and P.K. Capp. 2008. Establishment and Survival of Red,White, and Berseem Clover on a Sandy Soil. Arkansas Animal Science Department Report.
• Yavuz, T., M. Sürmen, S. Albayrak and N. Çankaya. 2012. Forage yıeld and qualıty of Gelemen clover (Trifolium meneghinianum clem.) lınes. Turk. J. Field Crops. 17(1): 46-50.
• Yücel, C., İ. İnal, D. Yücel and R. Hatipoğlu. 2018. Effects of mixture ratio and cutting time on forage yield and silage quality of intercropped berseem clover and italian ryegrass. Legume Research. 41(6): 846-853.
• Van-Soest P.J., J.B. Robertson and B.A. Lewis. 1991. Method for Dietary Fiber, Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Nostarch Polysaccharides in Relation to Animal Nutrition. J. Dairy Sci., 74:3583-3597.
• Wentzel, S. and R.G. Joergensen. 2016a. Effects of biogas and raw slurries on grass growth and soil microbial indices. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 179: 215–222.
• Wentzel, S. and R.G. Joergensen. 2016b. Quantitative microbial indices in biogas and raw cattle slurries. Eng. Life Sci. 16: 231–237.
• Wu-Di, Z. 2002. Utilizing Bases of Methane Fermentative Residues. Kunming, China: Yunnan Science and Technology Press.
• Zoghlami Khélil A., S. Benyoussef, M. Meznı, H. Saïdı Mıssaouı, S. Hanchı, M. Elayed, F. Gouhıs, A. Abdelguerfi, M. Laouar, P. Papastylianou, D. Bilalis, H. Cicek, S. Ates and M. Dost. 2015. Berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) in the Mediterranean Basin. Legume Perspectives. 10: 27-28.