Research Article
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Year 2020, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 245 - 253, 07.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.834403

Abstract

References

  • Ali, F., A. Yılmaz, M.A. Nadeem, E. Habyarimana, I. Subasi, M.A. Nawaz, H.J. Chaudhary, M.Q. Shahid, S. Ercisli, M.A.B. Zia, G. Chung and F.S. Baloch. 2019. Mobile genomic element diversity in world collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) panel using iPBS-retrotransposon markers. PLoS One. 14:e0211985.
  • Andeden, E.E., F.S. Baloch, M. Derya, B. Kilian and H. Ozkan. 2013. iPBS-Retrotransposons-based genetic diversity and relationship among wild annual Cicer species. Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 22:453-466.
  • Anderson, J.A., G. Churchill, J. Autrique, S. Tanksley and M. Sorrells. 1993. Optimizing parental selection for genetic linkage maps. Genome. 36:181-186.
  • Bakker, E.G., B. Montgomery, T. Nguyen, K. Eide, J. Chang, T.C. Mockler, A. Liston, E.W. Seabloom and E.T. Borer. 2009. Strong population structure characterizes weediness gene evolution in the invasive grass species Brachypodium distachyon. Molecular Ecology. 18:2588-2601.
  • Baloch, F.S., A. Alsaleh, L.E.S. de Miera, R. Hatipoglu, V. Çiftçi, T. Karakoy, M. Yildiz and H.Ozkan. 2015. DNA based iPBS-retrotransposon markers for investigating the population structure of pea (Pisum sativum) germplasm from Turkey. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 61:244-252.
  • Baránek, M., M. Meszáros, J. Sochorová, J. Čechová and J. Raddová. 2012. Utility of retrotransposon-derived marker systems for differentiation of presumed clones of the apricot cultivar Velkopavlovická. Scientia Horticulturae. 143:1-6.
  • Belttar, H., A. Yahia, S. Nemli, D. Ates, S. Erdogmus, B. Ertan, S. Himour, S. Hepaksoy and M.B. Tanyolac. 2017. Determination of the population structure of fig genotypes from Algeria and Turkey using inter primer binding site-retrotransposon and simple sequence repeat markers. Agricultural Sciences. 8:1337-1357.
  • Bevan, M.W., D.F. Garvin and J.P. Vogel. 2010. Brachypodium distachyon genomics for sustainable food and fuel production. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 21(2):211-217.
  • Casler, M.D. 2012. Switchgrass breeding, genetics, and genomics. Green Energy and Technology. 29-53.
  • Comertpay, G., F.S. Baloch, M. Derya, E.E. Andeden, A. Alsaleh, H. Surek and H. Ozkan. 2016. Population structure of rice varieties used in Turkish rice breeding programs determined using simple-sequence repeat and inter-primer binding site-retrotransposon data. Genetics and Molecular Research. 15:1.
  • Doyle, J.J. and J.L. Doyle. 1987. A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin. 19:11-15.
  • Draper, J., L.A.J. Mur, G. Jenkins, G.C. Ghosh-Biswas, P. Bablak, R. Hasterok and A.P.M. Routledge. 2001. Brachypodium distachyon. A new model system for functional genomics in grasses. Plant Physiology. 127:1539-1555.
  • Earl, D.A. and B.M.VonHoldt. 2012. STRUCTURE HARVESTER: A website and program for visualizing STRUCTURE output and implementing the Evanno method. Conservation Genetics Resources. 4:359-361.
  • Ellegren, H. and N. Galtier. 2016. Determinants of genetic diversity. Nature Reviews Genetics. 17:422-433.
  • Evanno, G., S. Regnaut and J. Goudet. 2005. Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: A simulation study. Molecular Ecology. 14:2611-2620.
  • Filiz, E., B.S. Ozdemir, F. Budak, J.P. Vogel, M. Tuna and H. Budak. 2009. Molecular, morphological, and cytological analysis of diverse Brachypodium distachyon inbred lines. Genome. 52:876-890.
  • Forsberg, N.E.G., M.W. Leino and J. Hagenblad. 2019. Population structure in landrace barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) during the late 19th century crop failures in Fennoscandia. Heredity. 123:733-745.
  • Garris, A.J., S.R. McCouch and S. Kresovich. 2003. Population structure and its effect on haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium surrounding the xa5 locus of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genetics. 165:759-769.
  • Gedik, A., D. Ates, S. Erdogmus, G. Comertpay, M.B. Tanyolac and H. Ozkan. 2017. Genetic diversity of Crocus sativus and its close relative species analyzed by iPBS-retrotransposons. Turkish Journal of Field Crops. 22:2.
  • Gordon, S.P., H. Priest, D.L. Des Marais, W. Schackwitz, M. Figueroa, J. Martin, J.N. Bragg, L. Tyler, C.R. Lee, D. Bryant, W. Wang, J. Messing, A.J. Manzaneda, K. Barry, D.F. Garvin, H. Budak, M. Tuna, T. Mitchell-Olds, W.F. Pfender, T.E. Juenger, T.C. Mockler and J.P. Vogel. 2014. Genome diversity in Brachypodium distachyon: Deep sequencing of highly diverse inbred lines. Plant Journal. 79:361-374.
  • Guo, D.L., M.X. Guo, X.G. Hou and G.H. Zhang. 2014. Molecular diversity analysis of grape varieties based on iPBS markers. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 52:27-32.
  • Hammami, R., N. Jouve, C. Soler, E. Frieiro and J.M. González. 2014. Genetic diversity of SSR and ISSR markers in wild populations of Brachypodium distachyon and its close relatives B. stacei and B. hybridum (Poaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution. 300:2029-2040.
  • Kalendar, R., A. Amenov and A. Daniyarov. 2019. Use of retrotransposon-derived genetic markers to analyse genomic variability in plants. Functional Plant Biology. 46(1):15-29.
  • Kalendar, R., K. Antonius, P. Smýkal and A.H. Schulman. 2010. iPBS: A universal method for DNA fingerprinting and retrotransposon isolation. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 121:1419-1430.
  • Kalendar, R., A.J. Flavell, T.H.N. Ellis, T. Sjakste, C. Moisy and A.H. Schulman. 2011. Analysis of plant diversity with retrotransposon-based molecular markers. Heredity. 106:520-530.
  • López-Alvarez, D., M.L. López-Herranz, A. Betekhtin and P. Catalán. 2012. A DNA barcoding method to discriminate between the model plant Brachypodium distachyon and its close relatives B. stacei and B. hybridum (Poaceae). PLoS ONE. 7:e51058.
  • Maccaferri, M., M.C. Sanguineti, E. Noli and R. Tuberosa. 2005. Population structure and long-range linkage disequilibrium in a durum wheat elite collection. Molecular Breeding. 15:271-290.
  • Nemli, S., T. Kianoosh and M.B. Tanyolac. 2015. Genetic diversity and population structure of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions through retrotransposon-based interprimer binding sites (iPBSs) markers. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 39:940-948.
  • Ochoa, A. and J.D. Storey. 2019. FST and kinship for arbitrary population structures I: Generalized definitions. BioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/083915.
  • Ozdemir, B.S., P. Hernandez, E. Filiz and H. Budak. 2008. Brachypodium genomics. International Journal of Plant Genomics. 2008:536104.
  • Pal, N.R., J.C. Bezdek and R.J. Hathaway. 1996. Sequential competitive learning and the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithms. Neural Networks. 9(5):787-796.
  • Pereira, J.F and P.R. Ryan. 2019. The role of transposable elements in the evolution of aluminium resistance in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany. 70(1):41-54.
  • Prevost, A. and M.J.Wilkinson. 1999. A new system of comparing PCR primers applied to ISSR fingerprinting of potato cultivars. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 98:107-112.
  • Pritchard, J.K., M. Stephens and P. Donnelly. 2000. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics. 155:945-959.
  • Roy, N.S., J.Y. Choi, S Il. Lee and N.S. Kim. 2014. Marker utility of transposable elements for plant genetics, breeding, and ecology: a review. Genes and Genomics. 37:141-147.
  • Sarla, N., S. Bobba and E.A. Siddiq. 2003. ISSR and SSR markers based on AG and GA repeats delineate geographically diverse Oryza nivara accessions and reveal rare alleles. Current Science. 84:683-690.
  • Serrato-Capuchina, A. and D.R. Matute. 2018. The role of transposable elements in speciation.
  • Shannon, C.E. 1997. The mathematical theory of communication. MD Computing. https://doi.org/10.2307/410457.
  • Stritt, C., S.P. Gordon, T. Wicker, J.P. Vogel and A.C. Roulin. 2018. Recent activity in expanding populations and purifying selection have shaped transposable element landscapes across natural accessions of the mediterranean grass Brachypodium distachyon. Genome Biology and Evolution. 10:304-318.
  • Tyagi, P., M.A. Gore, D.T. Bowman, B.T. Campbell, J.A. Udall and V. Kuraparthy. 2014. Genetic diversity and population structure in the US Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 127:283-295.
  • Tyler, L., J.U. Fangel, A.D. Fagerstrom, M.A. Steinwand, T.K. Raab, W.G.T. Willats and J.P. Vogel. 2014. Selection and phenotypic characterization of a core collection of Brachypodium distachyon inbred lines. BMC Plant Biology. 14:25.
  • Tyler, L., S.J. Lee, N.D. Young, G.A. Deiulio, E. Benavente, M. Reagon, J. Sysopha, R.M. Baldini, A. Troìa, S.P. Hazen and A.L. Caicedo. 2016. Population structure in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon is highly correlated with flowering differences across broad geographic areas. Plant Genome. 9:2.
  • Vogel, J., D. Garvin, T.C. Mockler, J. Schmutz, D. Rokhsar and M. Bevan. 2010. Genome sequencing and analysis of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. Nature. 463:763-768.
  • Vogel, J.P., M. Tuna, H. Budak, N. Huo, Y. Q. Gu and M.A. Steinwand. 2009. Development of SSR markers and analysis of diversity in Turkish populations of Brachypodium distachyon. BMC Plant Biology. 9:88.
  • Wilson, P.B., J.C. Streich, K.D. Murray, S.R. Eichten, R. Cheng, N.C. Aitken, K. Spokas, N. Warthmann, S.P. Gordon, J.P. Vogel, J.O. Borevitz, S. Liu, K. Bradford, S. Ezrati, H. Budak, D. Lopez, P. Catalan, D. Garvin, J. Vogel, S. Gordon, S. Hazen and L. Mur. 2019. Global diversity of the Brachypodium species complex as a resource for genome-wide association studies demonstrated for agronomic traits in response to climate. Genetics. 211:317-331.
  • Xu, J.Y., Y. Zhu, Z. Yi, G. Wu, G.Y. Xie and M.J. Qin. 2018. Molecular diversity analysis of Tetradium ruticarpum (WuZhuYu) in China based on inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines. 16:1-9.

POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium distachion THROUGH iPBS MARKERS

Year 2020, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 245 - 253, 07.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.834403

Abstract

In the current study, a total of 235 genotypes of Brachypodium distachyon (BD) were studied and targeted to evaluate the genetic diversity, population structure and relative kinship of these genotypes using inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers. Twenty-eight iPBS markers were used, and 184 clear and sharp polymorphic bands were produced. The polymorphism information content and diversity parameters indicated the existence of an appropriate amount of genetic diversity in the analysed genotypes. The results of the dendrogram with heat map and principal component analysis (PCoA) revealed that 235 BD genotypes were grouped into two separate clusters. The population structure was calculated using the STRUCTURE software, and two major sub-groups (K = 2) were established. A total of 95.1% of the relative kinship estimates being less than 0.4 for all genotypes. The findings of this study concluded that iPBS markers are highly polymorphic and are very efficient in the evaluation of the genetic diversity of B. distachyon.

References

  • Ali, F., A. Yılmaz, M.A. Nadeem, E. Habyarimana, I. Subasi, M.A. Nawaz, H.J. Chaudhary, M.Q. Shahid, S. Ercisli, M.A.B. Zia, G. Chung and F.S. Baloch. 2019. Mobile genomic element diversity in world collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) panel using iPBS-retrotransposon markers. PLoS One. 14:e0211985.
  • Andeden, E.E., F.S. Baloch, M. Derya, B. Kilian and H. Ozkan. 2013. iPBS-Retrotransposons-based genetic diversity and relationship among wild annual Cicer species. Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 22:453-466.
  • Anderson, J.A., G. Churchill, J. Autrique, S. Tanksley and M. Sorrells. 1993. Optimizing parental selection for genetic linkage maps. Genome. 36:181-186.
  • Bakker, E.G., B. Montgomery, T. Nguyen, K. Eide, J. Chang, T.C. Mockler, A. Liston, E.W. Seabloom and E.T. Borer. 2009. Strong population structure characterizes weediness gene evolution in the invasive grass species Brachypodium distachyon. Molecular Ecology. 18:2588-2601.
  • Baloch, F.S., A. Alsaleh, L.E.S. de Miera, R. Hatipoglu, V. Çiftçi, T. Karakoy, M. Yildiz and H.Ozkan. 2015. DNA based iPBS-retrotransposon markers for investigating the population structure of pea (Pisum sativum) germplasm from Turkey. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 61:244-252.
  • Baránek, M., M. Meszáros, J. Sochorová, J. Čechová and J. Raddová. 2012. Utility of retrotransposon-derived marker systems for differentiation of presumed clones of the apricot cultivar Velkopavlovická. Scientia Horticulturae. 143:1-6.
  • Belttar, H., A. Yahia, S. Nemli, D. Ates, S. Erdogmus, B. Ertan, S. Himour, S. Hepaksoy and M.B. Tanyolac. 2017. Determination of the population structure of fig genotypes from Algeria and Turkey using inter primer binding site-retrotransposon and simple sequence repeat markers. Agricultural Sciences. 8:1337-1357.
  • Bevan, M.W., D.F. Garvin and J.P. Vogel. 2010. Brachypodium distachyon genomics for sustainable food and fuel production. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 21(2):211-217.
  • Casler, M.D. 2012. Switchgrass breeding, genetics, and genomics. Green Energy and Technology. 29-53.
  • Comertpay, G., F.S. Baloch, M. Derya, E.E. Andeden, A. Alsaleh, H. Surek and H. Ozkan. 2016. Population structure of rice varieties used in Turkish rice breeding programs determined using simple-sequence repeat and inter-primer binding site-retrotransposon data. Genetics and Molecular Research. 15:1.
  • Doyle, J.J. and J.L. Doyle. 1987. A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin. 19:11-15.
  • Draper, J., L.A.J. Mur, G. Jenkins, G.C. Ghosh-Biswas, P. Bablak, R. Hasterok and A.P.M. Routledge. 2001. Brachypodium distachyon. A new model system for functional genomics in grasses. Plant Physiology. 127:1539-1555.
  • Earl, D.A. and B.M.VonHoldt. 2012. STRUCTURE HARVESTER: A website and program for visualizing STRUCTURE output and implementing the Evanno method. Conservation Genetics Resources. 4:359-361.
  • Ellegren, H. and N. Galtier. 2016. Determinants of genetic diversity. Nature Reviews Genetics. 17:422-433.
  • Evanno, G., S. Regnaut and J. Goudet. 2005. Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: A simulation study. Molecular Ecology. 14:2611-2620.
  • Filiz, E., B.S. Ozdemir, F. Budak, J.P. Vogel, M. Tuna and H. Budak. 2009. Molecular, morphological, and cytological analysis of diverse Brachypodium distachyon inbred lines. Genome. 52:876-890.
  • Forsberg, N.E.G., M.W. Leino and J. Hagenblad. 2019. Population structure in landrace barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) during the late 19th century crop failures in Fennoscandia. Heredity. 123:733-745.
  • Garris, A.J., S.R. McCouch and S. Kresovich. 2003. Population structure and its effect on haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium surrounding the xa5 locus of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genetics. 165:759-769.
  • Gedik, A., D. Ates, S. Erdogmus, G. Comertpay, M.B. Tanyolac and H. Ozkan. 2017. Genetic diversity of Crocus sativus and its close relative species analyzed by iPBS-retrotransposons. Turkish Journal of Field Crops. 22:2.
  • Gordon, S.P., H. Priest, D.L. Des Marais, W. Schackwitz, M. Figueroa, J. Martin, J.N. Bragg, L. Tyler, C.R. Lee, D. Bryant, W. Wang, J. Messing, A.J. Manzaneda, K. Barry, D.F. Garvin, H. Budak, M. Tuna, T. Mitchell-Olds, W.F. Pfender, T.E. Juenger, T.C. Mockler and J.P. Vogel. 2014. Genome diversity in Brachypodium distachyon: Deep sequencing of highly diverse inbred lines. Plant Journal. 79:361-374.
  • Guo, D.L., M.X. Guo, X.G. Hou and G.H. Zhang. 2014. Molecular diversity analysis of grape varieties based on iPBS markers. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 52:27-32.
  • Hammami, R., N. Jouve, C. Soler, E. Frieiro and J.M. González. 2014. Genetic diversity of SSR and ISSR markers in wild populations of Brachypodium distachyon and its close relatives B. stacei and B. hybridum (Poaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution. 300:2029-2040.
  • Kalendar, R., A. Amenov and A. Daniyarov. 2019. Use of retrotransposon-derived genetic markers to analyse genomic variability in plants. Functional Plant Biology. 46(1):15-29.
  • Kalendar, R., K. Antonius, P. Smýkal and A.H. Schulman. 2010. iPBS: A universal method for DNA fingerprinting and retrotransposon isolation. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 121:1419-1430.
  • Kalendar, R., A.J. Flavell, T.H.N. Ellis, T. Sjakste, C. Moisy and A.H. Schulman. 2011. Analysis of plant diversity with retrotransposon-based molecular markers. Heredity. 106:520-530.
  • López-Alvarez, D., M.L. López-Herranz, A. Betekhtin and P. Catalán. 2012. A DNA barcoding method to discriminate between the model plant Brachypodium distachyon and its close relatives B. stacei and B. hybridum (Poaceae). PLoS ONE. 7:e51058.
  • Maccaferri, M., M.C. Sanguineti, E. Noli and R. Tuberosa. 2005. Population structure and long-range linkage disequilibrium in a durum wheat elite collection. Molecular Breeding. 15:271-290.
  • Nemli, S., T. Kianoosh and M.B. Tanyolac. 2015. Genetic diversity and population structure of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions through retrotransposon-based interprimer binding sites (iPBSs) markers. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 39:940-948.
  • Ochoa, A. and J.D. Storey. 2019. FST and kinship for arbitrary population structures I: Generalized definitions. BioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/083915.
  • Ozdemir, B.S., P. Hernandez, E. Filiz and H. Budak. 2008. Brachypodium genomics. International Journal of Plant Genomics. 2008:536104.
  • Pal, N.R., J.C. Bezdek and R.J. Hathaway. 1996. Sequential competitive learning and the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithms. Neural Networks. 9(5):787-796.
  • Pereira, J.F and P.R. Ryan. 2019. The role of transposable elements in the evolution of aluminium resistance in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany. 70(1):41-54.
  • Prevost, A. and M.J.Wilkinson. 1999. A new system of comparing PCR primers applied to ISSR fingerprinting of potato cultivars. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 98:107-112.
  • Pritchard, J.K., M. Stephens and P. Donnelly. 2000. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics. 155:945-959.
  • Roy, N.S., J.Y. Choi, S Il. Lee and N.S. Kim. 2014. Marker utility of transposable elements for plant genetics, breeding, and ecology: a review. Genes and Genomics. 37:141-147.
  • Sarla, N., S. Bobba and E.A. Siddiq. 2003. ISSR and SSR markers based on AG and GA repeats delineate geographically diverse Oryza nivara accessions and reveal rare alleles. Current Science. 84:683-690.
  • Serrato-Capuchina, A. and D.R. Matute. 2018. The role of transposable elements in speciation.
  • Shannon, C.E. 1997. The mathematical theory of communication. MD Computing. https://doi.org/10.2307/410457.
  • Stritt, C., S.P. Gordon, T. Wicker, J.P. Vogel and A.C. Roulin. 2018. Recent activity in expanding populations and purifying selection have shaped transposable element landscapes across natural accessions of the mediterranean grass Brachypodium distachyon. Genome Biology and Evolution. 10:304-318.
  • Tyagi, P., M.A. Gore, D.T. Bowman, B.T. Campbell, J.A. Udall and V. Kuraparthy. 2014. Genetic diversity and population structure in the US Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 127:283-295.
  • Tyler, L., J.U. Fangel, A.D. Fagerstrom, M.A. Steinwand, T.K. Raab, W.G.T. Willats and J.P. Vogel. 2014. Selection and phenotypic characterization of a core collection of Brachypodium distachyon inbred lines. BMC Plant Biology. 14:25.
  • Tyler, L., S.J. Lee, N.D. Young, G.A. Deiulio, E. Benavente, M. Reagon, J. Sysopha, R.M. Baldini, A. Troìa, S.P. Hazen and A.L. Caicedo. 2016. Population structure in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon is highly correlated with flowering differences across broad geographic areas. Plant Genome. 9:2.
  • Vogel, J., D. Garvin, T.C. Mockler, J. Schmutz, D. Rokhsar and M. Bevan. 2010. Genome sequencing and analysis of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. Nature. 463:763-768.
  • Vogel, J.P., M. Tuna, H. Budak, N. Huo, Y. Q. Gu and M.A. Steinwand. 2009. Development of SSR markers and analysis of diversity in Turkish populations of Brachypodium distachyon. BMC Plant Biology. 9:88.
  • Wilson, P.B., J.C. Streich, K.D. Murray, S.R. Eichten, R. Cheng, N.C. Aitken, K. Spokas, N. Warthmann, S.P. Gordon, J.P. Vogel, J.O. Borevitz, S. Liu, K. Bradford, S. Ezrati, H. Budak, D. Lopez, P. Catalan, D. Garvin, J. Vogel, S. Gordon, S. Hazen and L. Mur. 2019. Global diversity of the Brachypodium species complex as a resource for genome-wide association studies demonstrated for agronomic traits in response to climate. Genetics. 211:317-331.
  • Xu, J.Y., Y. Zhu, Z. Yi, G. Wu, G.Y. Xie and M.J. Qin. 2018. Molecular diversity analysis of Tetradium ruticarpum (WuZhuYu) in China based on inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines. 16:1-9.
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Pinar Guner This is me

Duygu Ates This is me

Metin Tuna This is me

Muhammed Bahattin Tanyolac This is me

Publication Date December 7, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 25 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Guner, P., Ates, D., Tuna, M., Tanyolac, M. B. (2020). POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium distachion THROUGH iPBS MARKERS. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, 25(2), 245-253. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.834403
AMA Guner P, Ates D, Tuna M, Tanyolac MB. POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium distachion THROUGH iPBS MARKERS. TJFC. December 2020;25(2):245-253. doi:10.17557/tjfc.834403
Chicago Guner, Pinar, Duygu Ates, Metin Tuna, and Muhammed Bahattin Tanyolac. “POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium Distachion THROUGH IPBS MARKERS”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 25, no. 2 (December 2020): 245-53. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.834403.
EndNote Guner P, Ates D, Tuna M, Tanyolac MB (December 1, 2020) POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium distachion THROUGH iPBS MARKERS. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 25 2 245–253.
IEEE P. Guner, D. Ates, M. Tuna, and M. B. Tanyolac, “POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium distachion THROUGH iPBS MARKERS”, TJFC, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 245–253, 2020, doi: 10.17557/tjfc.834403.
ISNAD Guner, Pinar et al. “POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium Distachion THROUGH IPBS MARKERS”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 25/2 (December 2020), 245-253. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.834403.
JAMA Guner P, Ates D, Tuna M, Tanyolac MB. POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium distachion THROUGH iPBS MARKERS. TJFC. 2020;25:245–253.
MLA Guner, Pinar et al. “POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium Distachion THROUGH IPBS MARKERS”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, vol. 25, no. 2, 2020, pp. 245-53, doi:10.17557/tjfc.834403.
Vancouver Guner P, Ates D, Tuna M, Tanyolac MB. POPULATION STRUCTURE AND LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES OF MODEL PLANT Brachypodium distachion THROUGH iPBS MARKERS. TJFC. 2020;25(2):245-53.

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