Factors affecting healthy aging and its interconnected pathways

Abstract

The process of aging is influenced by factors across different aspects of life including biology, lifestyle, and the surrounding environment. As the global population continues to age it is crucial to understand the complexities involved in maintaining the health and quality of life of adults. This article offers an overview of the dimensions of aging by examining the key factors and demonstrating how they are interconnected in shaping the aging process. Biological factors play a role at molecular and systemic levels. Lifestyle choices also have an impact with regular physical activity, a balanced diet, sufficient sleep, and cognitive engagement all contributing to overall well-being. Social support networks, community resources and access to healthcare services are environmental factors that also influence healthy aging trajectories. In addition, socioeconomic circumstances contribute to disparities in aging outcomes with individuals from poorer backgrounds often facing greater challenges in accessing resources and healthcare services. Genetic predisposition can play a role in determining how well we are with certain genes and molecular pathways associated with age related diseases that can affect longevity. In order to comprehensively explore the literature on aging, this study employed the methodological approach of a scoping review to identify topics and evidence types, and also a rapid review to systematically map current knowledge. This combination provides a focus on qualitative summaries rather than exhaustive analysis and enabled a systematic search for relevant papers while ensuring rigorous screening processes for categorizing and synthesizing the findings. It involved searching the PubMed database by scanning titles and abstracts for relevance and then organizing information based on the dominant themes. A qualitative analysis of the evidence was then carried out, related to the concept of healthy aging, while also identifying gaps in the research. The result is an overview of the evidence surrounding aging and areas that require investigation. To summarize, this innovative approach using scoping and rapid review methodologies enabled a systematic mapping of current knowledge about aging. By examining these factors, and understanding their interconnectedness, approaches can be developed that will be effective in helping to promote healthy aging and thereby enhance the quality of life for older adults. This article aims to provide insights into the influencers of the aging process while also highlighting potential avenues for future research and interventions. Keywords: Healthy aging, lifestyle choices, environmental factors

Keywords

• healthy aging
• lifestyle choices
• environmental factors

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