Beyin- Bağırsak Eksenine Odaklanan Yaklaşımlar Işığında İBS ve Migren

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 33 - 45, 02.02.2022

Sema Selçuk , Yahya Özdoğan

Öz

Beyin, sindirim kanalının duyu ve salgı işlevlerinin regülasyonunu sağlamakta, çeşitli hormonlar aracılığıyla bağırsak fonksiyonlarını düzenlemektedir. Öte yandan bilişsel ve davranışsal bazı beyin işlevlerinin de bağırsaklar ile etkileşim halinde olduğu düşünülmektedir. Son dönemlerde beyin ve bağırsaklar arasındaki çift yönlü iletişimin aydınlatılması sonucunda, İBS gibi fonksiyonel gastrointestinal bozuklukların, migren gibi diğer fonksiyonel bozukluklar ile ilişkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir. İBS ve migren, vücudun farklı bölgelerinde gözlendikleri halde; belirli organik sebeplerin yokluğunda meydana gelen, epizodik semptomlar ile tekrarlayan, epidemiyolojik dağılımları benzer olan hastalıklardır. Dahası, her iki hastalığın bağırsak mikrobiyotası ile ilişkisi, çeşitli çalışmalarda gösterilmiştir. Migren hastalarında İBS yaygınlığı, ataklar esnasında gözlenen GİS semptomları ve İBS hastalarında sıklıkla baş ağrısının bildirilmesi, migren ve İBS arasındaki potansiyel ilişkiyi destekler niteliktedir. Bu derlemede bağırsak- beyin eksenine odaklanan yaklaşımlar ile, İBS ve migrenin incelenmesi ve aralarındaki potansiyel bağlantının sorgulanması amaçlanmıştır. Beyin- bağırsak eksenine odaklanan yaklaşımların, fonksiyonel gastrointestinal hastalıklar başta olmak üzere, birçok hastalığın mekanizmalarının aydınlatılmasına ve tedavi planlarının oluşturulmasına katkısı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fonksiyonel gastrointestinal bozukluklar, irritabl bağırsak sendromu, migren

IBS and Migraine in The Light of Approaches Focusing on The Brain- Gut Axis

Öz

The brain regulates the sensory and secretory functions of the digestive tract and intestinal functions through various hormones. On the other hand, some cognitive and behavioral brain functions are thought to relate with the intestines. It is thought that functional gastrointestinal disorders such as IBS may be associated with other functional disorders such as migraine, as a result of the clarification of the bidirectional communication between the brain and the intestines. Although IBS and migraine are observed in different parts of the body; They are diseases that occur in the absence of certain organic causes, recur with episodic symptoms and have similar epidemiological distributions. Moreover, the association of both diseases with the gut microbiota has been demonstrated in several studies. The prevalance of IBS in migraine patients, GIS symptoms observed during attacks, and frequent reporting of headache in IBS patients support the potential relationship between migraine and IBS. In this review, it is aimed to examine IBS and migraine with approaches that focus on the gut-brain axis and to question the potential connection between them. In this way,we consider that it will contribute to the elucidation of the mechanisms of many diseases, especially functional gastrointestinal diseases, and to the planning of treatments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Functional gastrointestinal disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, migraine

Kaynakça

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