MOLAR-INCISOR HYPOMINERALIZATION: WHY DOES IT OCCUR? / WHAT TO DO?

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 6 - 10, 10.09.2020

Derya Ceyhan Canan Akdik

Abstract

Introduction: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is defined as a qualitative
defect resulting from the decrease in inorganic content and lack of
mineralization in enamel layer of affected tooth. Its characterization is presence
of opacities/pores of varying sizes from white to yellowish brown in color. Loss
of tooth substance, plaque accumulation, caries formation started and progressed
rapidly short after tooth eruption in majority of patients with MIH. Additionally
to esthetics and sensitivity problems in patients, it presents treatment
challenges for dentists. Therefore, understanding its etiology is important to
prevent.

Aim: This study aims to raise awareness of etiologic
factors related to MIH and to determine necessary measures for prevention.

Method: We performed a literature review of potential
etiologic factors of MIH, which involve one or more permanent first molars, and
may also affect permanent incisors.

Results: Limited information is available
regarding etiology of MIH. Observational studies have been conducted to
determine etiological factors, and diseases occurring postnatally are found more
effective considering prenatal/perinatal/postnatal periods. Various factors
such as systemic diseases, drug use, malnutrition, preterm birth, low birth
weight, long-term lactation, dioxins, and bisphenol A (BPA) have been
associated with MIH. Respiratory tract diseases, certain antibiotics, calcium
deficiency, and BPA in materials in contact with infants have been particularly
emphasized. Genetic factors are also reported by some studies.

Conclusion: Further studies are required
to determine clear-cut etiologic factors for MIH. Systemic diseases, applied
treatments, malnutrition, chemical agents, genetic factors, and other possible conditions
occurring during prenatal/perinatal/postnatal periods should be discussed in
detail.

Keywords

Enamel Defects, Etiology, Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization

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