The Effects of Sports on Oral and Dental Health

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 1 - 5, 25.10.2020

Derya Ceyhan Tolga Emek

Abstract

Introduction:
During growth and development, sportive activities found to be useful for physical,
mental, and personal development of children. Although many studies have
examined effects of sports on physical development, few have examined effects
on oral and dental health.

Aim:
To determine effects of sports on oral and dental health and to provide an
accurate guidance for children and adolescents.

Method:
A literature review of effects of sportive activities on oral and dental health
was performed.

Results:
In researches; dental caries, gingival health, dental erosion, salivary
properties, dental anomalies, and occlusion status were examined in sporting individuals.
Dental caries and gingival diseases were common in athletes, and risk factors
included inadequate oral hygiene, decrease in salivation, and frequent consumption
of acidic sports drinks. Sports drinks and decrease in salivation have also been
shown to be factors for dental erosion. Dental anomalies have been stated to be
able to occur due to traumas experienced during sports, which mainly include
crown fractures, luxation and avulsion injuries. Besides, development of maxillary
and mandibular arches were compatible with each other and occlusal relationship
was favorable for majority of professional athletes. Correct breathing
techniques, tongue positioning and movements have been emphasized to be important
for jaw development and positioning of teeth.

Conclusion:
Good oral health of athletes contributes to an
increase in sporting performance and success, as well as, a boost to morale and
self-confidence level. For good oral health; suitable dietary habits, regular/effective
oral hygiene habits, and preventive methods of traumatic injuries are necessary.

Keywords

Dentistry, Health, Sports

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