Review Article
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Year 2023, , 150 - 155, 29.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.46310/tjim.1285390

Abstract

References

  • Kaye AD, Okeagu CN, Pham AD, Silva RA, Hurley JJ, Arron BL, Sarfraz N, Lee HN, Ghali GE, Gamble JW, Liu H, Urman RD, Cornett EM. Economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare facilities and systems: International perspectives. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2021 Oct;35(3):293-306. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2020.11.009.
  • Graves JA, Baig K, Buntin M. The financial effects and consequences of COVID-19: A gathering storm. JAMA. 2021 Nov 16;326(19):1909-10. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.18863.
  • Hartman M, Martin AB, Washington B, Catlin A, The National Health Expenditure Accounts Team. National Health Care Spending In 2020: Growth Driven By Federal Spending In Response To The COVID-19 Pandemic. National Health Care Spending In 2020: Growth driven by federal spending in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Aff (Millwood). Health Aff (Millwood). 2022 Jan;41(1):13-25. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01763.
  • Satiani B, Davis CA. The financial and employment effects of coronavirus disease 2019 on physicians in the United States. J Vasc Surg. 2020 Dec;72(6):1856-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.08.031.
  • Gordon JC Suzanne. The Best Health System to React to COVID-19. The American Prospect. Published March 20, 2020. Avaliable at: https://prospect.org/coronavirus/the-best-health-system-to-react-to-covid-19/. Accessed November 9, 2022.
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  • Best MJ, McFarland EG, Anderson GF, Srikumaran U. The likely economic impact of fewer elective surgical procedures on US hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Surgery. 2020 Nov;168(5):962-967. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.07.014.
  • Sullivan-Marx E. Aging in America: How COVID-19 will change care, coverage, and compassion. Nurs Outlook. 2020 Sep-Oct;68(5):533-5. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.08.013.
  • Wilensky GR. The COVID-19 Pandemic and the US Health Care Workforce. JAMA Health Forum. 2022 Jan 4;3(1):e220001. doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.0001.
  • Kelker H, Yoder K, Musey P Jr, Harris M, Johnson O, Sarmiento E, Vyas P, Henderson B, Adams Z, Welch J. Prospective study of emergency medicine provider wellness across ten academic and community hospitals during the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Emerg Med. 2021 Mar 24;21(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12873-021-00425-3.
  • Melnikow J, Padovani A, Miller M. Frontline physician burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: national survey findings. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022 Mar 19;22(1):365. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-07728-6.
  • Matta S, Nicholas LH. changes in unemployment among health care workers following the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA. 2022 Oct 25;328(16):1639-1641. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.17608.
  • American Traveler. What is travel nursing? Avaliable at: https://www.americantraveler.com/what-is-a-travel-nurse.
  • Staffing Crisis Fueled by COVID-19 Creates Boom for Travel Nurse Industry. Am J Nurs. 2022 May 1;122(5):12. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000830684.40366.ef.
  • Kunz M, Strasser M, Hasan A. Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on healthcare workers: systematic comparison between nurses and medical doctors. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2021 Jul 1;34(4):413-9. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000721.
  • Guttormson JL, Calkins K, McAndrew N, Fitzgerald J, Losurdo H, Loonsfoot D. Critical care nurse burnout, moral distress, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A United States survey. Heart Lung. 2022 Sep-Oct;55:127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.04.015.
  • d'Ettorre G, Ceccarelli G, Santinelli L, Vassalini P, Innocenti GP, Alessandri F, Koukopoulos AE, Russo A, d'Ettorre G, Tarsitani L. Post-traumatic stress symptoms in healthcare workers dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 12;18(2):601. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020601.
  • Physician flash report. Avaliable at: https://www.kaufmanhall.com/consulting-services/physician-flash-report. Accessed Nov 9, 2022.
  • Yang YT, Mason DJ. COVID-19’s impact on nursing shortage, the rise of travel nurses, and price gouging. Health Affairs Forefront. January 28, 2022. Avaliable at: https://www.healthaffairs.org/content/forefront/covid-19-s-impact-nursing-shortages-rise-travel-nurses-and-price-gouging. Accessed Nov 9, 2022.
  • Tulledge-Scheitel SM, Billings TA, Fischer KM, Homme JH, Miller JM, North F, Sanderson RL, Schroeder DR, Vaughan MA, Croghan IT. COVID-19 care clinic in a medical center: Lessons learned. J Prim Care Community Health. 2021 Jan-Dec;12:21501327211056796. doi: 10.1177/21501327211056796.
  • King R. Kaiser Permanente generates $2B profit for Q1, rebounding from 2020 loss. May 10, 2021. Avaliable at: https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/hospitals/kaiser-permanente-generates-2-billion-profit-for-q1-rebounding-from-2020-loss. Accessed Nov 9, 2022.
  • Muoio D. CommonSpirit Health accelerates COVID-19 rebound with $539 M in operating gains. May 18, 2021. Avaliable at: https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/hospitals/commonspirit-health-s-accelerates-covid-19-rebound-539m-quarterly-earnings. Accessed Nov 9, 2022.
  • Brooks ZC, Das S. COVID-19 testing. Am J Clin Pathol. 2020 Oct 13;154(5):575-84. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa141.
  • Filchakova O, Dossym D, Ilyas A, Kuanysheva T, Abdizhamil A, Bukasov R. Review of COVID-19 testing and diagnostic methods. Talanta. 2022 Jul 1;244:123409. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123409.
  • Paltiel AD, Zheng A, Sax PE. Clinical and economic effects of widespread rapid testing to decrease SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Ann Intern Med. 2021 Jun;174(6):803-810. doi: 10.7326/M21-0510.
  • Ohsfeldt RL, Choong CK, Mc Collam PL, Abedtash H, Kelton KA, Burge R. Inpatient hospital costs for COVID-19 patients in the United States. Adv Ther. 2021 Nov;38(11):5557-95. doi: 10.1007/s12325-021-01887-4.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the US healthcare system

Year 2023, , 150 - 155, 29.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.46310/tjim.1285390

Abstract

The COVID-19 epidemic had an enormous effect on the health of millions of individuals worldwide and the global economy. A shortage of doctors, nurses, personal protective equipment, and medicines was seen globally. The pandemic drew attention to limitations in the healthcare sector of the United States of America. The massive rise in the daily number of cases, more usage of ICU facilities and all the treatment modalities, and increased overtime compensation for the staff negatively impacted the hospital’s finances. This also affected the mental and physical health of all the healthcare workers. Through additional funding from federal relief legislation and the relaxation of many regulatory requirements, the federal, state, and local governments took significant steps to address the need for prevention and treatment services that arose from COVID-19 and the disruptions in healthcare delivery and finances resulting from the pandemic. Congress enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act, on March 27th, 2020. This measure appropriated $2.2 trillion to offer immediate and direct economic assistance to Americans affected by the COVID-19 outbreak.

References

  • Kaye AD, Okeagu CN, Pham AD, Silva RA, Hurley JJ, Arron BL, Sarfraz N, Lee HN, Ghali GE, Gamble JW, Liu H, Urman RD, Cornett EM. Economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare facilities and systems: International perspectives. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2021 Oct;35(3):293-306. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2020.11.009.
  • Graves JA, Baig K, Buntin M. The financial effects and consequences of COVID-19: A gathering storm. JAMA. 2021 Nov 16;326(19):1909-10. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.18863.
  • Hartman M, Martin AB, Washington B, Catlin A, The National Health Expenditure Accounts Team. National Health Care Spending In 2020: Growth Driven By Federal Spending In Response To The COVID-19 Pandemic. National Health Care Spending In 2020: Growth driven by federal spending in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Aff (Millwood). Health Aff (Millwood). 2022 Jan;41(1):13-25. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01763.
  • Satiani B, Davis CA. The financial and employment effects of coronavirus disease 2019 on physicians in the United States. J Vasc Surg. 2020 Dec;72(6):1856-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.08.031.
  • Gordon JC Suzanne. The Best Health System to React to COVID-19. The American Prospect. Published March 20, 2020. Avaliable at: https://prospect.org/coronavirus/the-best-health-system-to-react-to-covid-19/. Accessed November 9, 2022.
  • The current state of hospital finances: Fall 2022 update: AHA. American Hospital Association. Avaliable at: https://www.aha.org/guidesreports/2022-09-15-current-state-hospital-finances-fall-2022-update#:~:text=Labor%20expenses%20are%20projected%20to,future%20federal%20support%20is%20uncertain. Accessed November 5, 2022.
  • Best MJ, McFarland EG, Anderson GF, Srikumaran U. The likely economic impact of fewer elective surgical procedures on US hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Surgery. 2020 Nov;168(5):962-967. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.07.014.
  • Sullivan-Marx E. Aging in America: How COVID-19 will change care, coverage, and compassion. Nurs Outlook. 2020 Sep-Oct;68(5):533-5. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.08.013.
  • Wilensky GR. The COVID-19 Pandemic and the US Health Care Workforce. JAMA Health Forum. 2022 Jan 4;3(1):e220001. doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.0001.
  • Kelker H, Yoder K, Musey P Jr, Harris M, Johnson O, Sarmiento E, Vyas P, Henderson B, Adams Z, Welch J. Prospective study of emergency medicine provider wellness across ten academic and community hospitals during the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Emerg Med. 2021 Mar 24;21(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12873-021-00425-3.
  • Melnikow J, Padovani A, Miller M. Frontline physician burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: national survey findings. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022 Mar 19;22(1):365. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-07728-6.
  • Matta S, Nicholas LH. changes in unemployment among health care workers following the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA. 2022 Oct 25;328(16):1639-1641. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.17608.
  • American Traveler. What is travel nursing? Avaliable at: https://www.americantraveler.com/what-is-a-travel-nurse.
  • Staffing Crisis Fueled by COVID-19 Creates Boom for Travel Nurse Industry. Am J Nurs. 2022 May 1;122(5):12. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000830684.40366.ef.
  • Kunz M, Strasser M, Hasan A. Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on healthcare workers: systematic comparison between nurses and medical doctors. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2021 Jul 1;34(4):413-9. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000721.
  • Guttormson JL, Calkins K, McAndrew N, Fitzgerald J, Losurdo H, Loonsfoot D. Critical care nurse burnout, moral distress, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A United States survey. Heart Lung. 2022 Sep-Oct;55:127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.04.015.
  • d'Ettorre G, Ceccarelli G, Santinelli L, Vassalini P, Innocenti GP, Alessandri F, Koukopoulos AE, Russo A, d'Ettorre G, Tarsitani L. Post-traumatic stress symptoms in healthcare workers dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 12;18(2):601. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020601.
  • Physician flash report. Avaliable at: https://www.kaufmanhall.com/consulting-services/physician-flash-report. Accessed Nov 9, 2022.
  • Yang YT, Mason DJ. COVID-19’s impact on nursing shortage, the rise of travel nurses, and price gouging. Health Affairs Forefront. January 28, 2022. Avaliable at: https://www.healthaffairs.org/content/forefront/covid-19-s-impact-nursing-shortages-rise-travel-nurses-and-price-gouging. Accessed Nov 9, 2022.
  • Tulledge-Scheitel SM, Billings TA, Fischer KM, Homme JH, Miller JM, North F, Sanderson RL, Schroeder DR, Vaughan MA, Croghan IT. COVID-19 care clinic in a medical center: Lessons learned. J Prim Care Community Health. 2021 Jan-Dec;12:21501327211056796. doi: 10.1177/21501327211056796.
  • King R. Kaiser Permanente generates $2B profit for Q1, rebounding from 2020 loss. May 10, 2021. Avaliable at: https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/hospitals/kaiser-permanente-generates-2-billion-profit-for-q1-rebounding-from-2020-loss. Accessed Nov 9, 2022.
  • Muoio D. CommonSpirit Health accelerates COVID-19 rebound with $539 M in operating gains. May 18, 2021. Avaliable at: https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/hospitals/commonspirit-health-s-accelerates-covid-19-rebound-539m-quarterly-earnings. Accessed Nov 9, 2022.
  • Brooks ZC, Das S. COVID-19 testing. Am J Clin Pathol. 2020 Oct 13;154(5):575-84. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa141.
  • Filchakova O, Dossym D, Ilyas A, Kuanysheva T, Abdizhamil A, Bukasov R. Review of COVID-19 testing and diagnostic methods. Talanta. 2022 Jul 1;244:123409. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123409.
  • Paltiel AD, Zheng A, Sax PE. Clinical and economic effects of widespread rapid testing to decrease SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Ann Intern Med. 2021 Jun;174(6):803-810. doi: 10.7326/M21-0510.
  • Ohsfeldt RL, Choong CK, Mc Collam PL, Abedtash H, Kelton KA, Burge R. Inpatient hospital costs for COVID-19 patients in the United States. Adv Ther. 2021 Nov;38(11):5557-95. doi: 10.1007/s12325-021-01887-4.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Talha Mahmood This is me 0009-0006-2327-6781

Amith Meda This is me 0009-0006-0294-1404

Stuti Trivedi This is me 0009-0004-8717-7366

Fnu Anamika 0000-0003-1339-0266

Shreya Garg This is me 0000-0003-0993-8751

Rohit Jain This is me 0000-0002-9101-2351

Publication Date July 29, 2023
Submission Date April 21, 2023
Acceptance Date July 3, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

EndNote Mahmood T, Meda A, Trivedi S, Anamika F, Garg S, Jain R (July 1, 2023) Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the US healthcare system. Turkish Journal of Internal Medicine 5 3 150–155.

e-ISSN: 2687-4245 

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