The Evaluation of the Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Pyriproxyfen Insecticide on Allium cepa Somatic Chromosomes with Mitotic Activity, Chromosome Abnormality and Micronucleus Frequency

Abstract

In this study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of pyriproxyfen insecticide was evaluated by investigating mitotic index and phase, chromosomal abnormalities, and micronucleus proportion on root tip cells of Allium cepa L. The root types were applied to 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 ppm test solutions within 12, 24 and 36 h. Mitotic index was markedly lessened with increasing pyriproxyfen in each treatment group as compared to the controls. The percentages of mitotic phases have been meaningfully impacted. Pyriproxyfen noticeably heightened the anomaly cell ratio in most of the utilized solutions and application periods when compare to control. Mitotic abnormalities were determined as sticky, disturbed prophase, c-mitosis, chromatid bridges and laggards. Furthermore, micronucleus frequency was calculated at interphase.

Keywords

• Allium test,chromosome,cytotoxicity,genotoxicity,micronucleus,Pyriproxyfen

Pyriproxyfen İnsektisitinin Allium cepa Somatik Kromozomları Üzerinde Mitotik Aktivite, Kromozom Anormallikleri ve Mikroçekirdek Sıklığıyla Genotoksik ve Sitotoksik Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, pyriproxyfen insektisitinin genotoksik ve sitotoksik etkileri Allium cepa’nın kök hücreleri üzerinde mitotic indeks ve faz, kromozomal anormallikler ve mikroçekirdek oranının araştırılmasıyla değerlendirildi. Kök örneklerine 0.25, 0.5, 1 ve 2 ppm test solüsyonları 12, 24 ve 36 saat uygulandı. Mitotik indeks her test grubunda artan pyriproxyfen konsantrasyonlarıyla kontroller ile karşılaştırıldığında açık bir şekilde düşürüldü. Mitotik faz oranları önemli bir şekilde etkilendi. Pyriproxyfen dikkate değer seviyede kullanılan test solusyonlarında ve uygulama periyotlarında kontrol grupları ile karşılaştırıldığında anormal hücre oranını arttırdı. Mitotik anormallikler yapışık kromozom, düzensiz profaz, c-mitoz, kromatid köprüleri ve geri kalan kromozom olarak belirlendi. Ayrıca, mikroçekirdek sıklığı interfazda hesaplandı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Allium test,genotoksisite,kromozom,mikroçekirdek,pyriproxyfen,sitotoksisite

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