Rejeneratif Tıpta Kullanılan Organ ve Doku Deselülerizasyon Yöntemleri

Öz

Doku mühendisliği ve rejeneratif tıbbın amacı hasar gören vücut bölgelerinde doku ve organların yeniden yapılandırılmasıdır. Doku mühendisliği yaklaşımının başlıca bileşenleri arasında doku spesifik hücreler, biyomateryaller ve doku oluşumunu destekleyici uygun çevre koşulları sayılabilir. Günümüzde deselülerize doku ve organlar, çok sayıda doku mühendisliği ve rejeneratif tıp uygulamalarında başarılı bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Uygulanan deselülerizasyon metotları, ilgili organ ve dokuların çeşidine göre değişmektedir. Dokudan en verimli şekilde hücrelerin uzaklaştırılması, dokunun orijini ile birlikte kullanılacak fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik yollara bağlıdır. Bu noktada derleme kapsamında en yaygın kullanılan deselülerizasyon yöntemleri açıklanmış ve bu yöntemlerin biyolojik doku materyalini nasıl etkilediği nedenleri ile ifade edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rejeneratif tıp,doku mühendisliği,deselülerizasyon,ekstraselüler matriks,doku iskelesi

Decellularization Methods of Organ and Tissue for Regenerative Medicine

Abstract

The aim of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is to rebuild tissues/organs for restoring injured parts of the body. Tissue specific cells, biomaterials and a convenient environment conditions are the most important parts of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches. Nowadays, decellularized tissue and organs are being used successfully in a large number of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine implementations. Decellularization methods are differ in according to the type of the corresponding organs and tissues. The removal of cells from the tissue in the most efficient manner depends on physical, chemical and biological ways to use with the tissue origin. At this point within the scope of the review the most widely used decellularization methods are explained and how these methods affects the biological tissue material is described with reasons.

Keywords

• Regenerative medicine,tissue engineering,decellularization,extracellular matrix,scaffold

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