TÜRKİYE’DE BENZİNLERİN SIVI SİNTİLASYON TEKNİĞİ İLE 14C AKTİVİTESİNİN BELİRLENEREK BİYOETANOL ORANLARININ BELİRLENMESİ

Year 2019, Volume 31, Issue 1, 49 - 59, 26.06.2019

İbrahim TÜKENMEZ Gençay GÜNDOĞDU

Abstract

Benzin-biyoetanol karışım oranının deneysel olarak tespit edilmesinde Sıvı Sintilasyon Sayım Tekniği (LSC) yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Tekniğin ana prensibi atmosferde doğal yollarla oluşan ve zamanla bütün canlıların vücudunda bir dengeye gelen ve yarı ömrü 5730 yıl olan ¹⁴C izotopunun radyoaktivite seviyesinin ölçülmesidir. Benzin, milyonlarca yıl önce ölüp toprak altında kalmış olan canlıların ısı ve basınç etkisiyle dönüşmüş olduğu petrolden üretilmektedir. Biyoetanol ise şeker pancarı, şeker kamışı, mısır, tatlı sorgum gibi bitkilerin fermente edilmesi ile üretilen bir çeşit biyoyakıttır. Benzinde bulunan ¹⁴C radyoaktivite seviyesinin milyonlarca yıl içerisinde yarılanarak ölçülemeyecek seviyelere gerilemesi, biyoetanolün ise atmosferle denge halinde ¹⁴C seviyesine sahip olması benzin-biyoetanol karışım oranlarının belirlenmesine olanak sağlamaktadır.

Bu çalışmada sıvı sintilasyon sayımı ile ticari olarak temin edilebilen benzin ve biyoetanol karışımLarının karışım oranları belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Sıvı sintilasyon sayımı, 14C, Biyoetanol, Aktivite konsantrasyonu, Biyofraksiyon

DETERMINATION OF THE BIOETHANOL RATIO IN GASOLINE FROM 14C ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION BY LIQUID SCINTILLATION COUNTING IN TURKEY

Abstract

Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) technique is commonly applied in determining the fraction of bioethanol-gasoline blending. The basic principle of the technique is to measure the radioactivity level of ¹⁴C isotope with the half-life of 5730 years, which is formed naturally and reaches to equilibrium in the bodies of all the living organisms. Gasoline is produced from petroleum, which is formed by the organisms that had died millions years ago and exposed to pressure and heat under the ground. In addition, bioethanol is a type of biofuel, obtained from fermentation of such crops like sugar beet, sugar cane, corn and sweet sorghum. Owing to the fact that the ¹⁴C radioactivity level in gasoline becomes to the unmeasurable levels within millions years and the bioethanol has ¹⁴C level in equilibrium with the atmosphere, it is possible to determine the blending ratios of gasoline and bioethanol.

In this study, the applicability of the determination of the ratio of biological additives in gasoline by the liquid scintillation counting technique was investigated. Gasoline-bioethanol mixture ratios were determined successfully in the commercially available gasoline and bioethanol mixtures.

Keywords

Liquid Scintillation Counting, 14C, Bioethanol, Activity concentration, biofraction

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