TÜRKİYE’DE BENZİNLERİN SIVI SİNTİLASYON TEKNİĞİ İLE 14C AKTİVİTESİNİN BELİRLENEREK BİYOETANOL ORANLARININ BELİRLENMESİ

Year 2019, Volume: 31 Issue: 1, 49 - 59, 26.06.2019

İbrahim Tükenmez Gençay Gündoğdu

Abstract

Benzin-biyoetanol
karışım oranının deneysel olarak tespit edilmesinde Sıvı Sintilasyon Sayım
Tekniği (LSC) yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Tekniğin ana prensibi atmosferde
doğal yollarla oluşan ve zamanla bütün canlıların vücudunda bir dengeye gelen
ve yarı ömrü 5730 yıl olan ¹⁴C izotopunun radyoaktivite seviyesinin
ölçülmesidir. Benzin, milyonlarca yıl önce ölüp toprak altında kalmış olan
canlıların ısı ve basınç etkisiyle dönüşmüş olduğu petrolden üretilmektedir.
Biyoetanol ise şeker pancarı, şeker kamışı, mısır, tatlı sorgum gibi bitkilerin
fermente edilmesi ile üretilen bir çeşit biyoyakıttır. Benzinde bulunan ¹⁴C
radyoaktivite seviyesinin milyonlarca yıl içerisinde yarılanarak ölçülemeyecek
seviyelere gerilemesi, biyoetanolün ise atmosferle denge halinde ¹⁴C
seviyesine sahip olması benzin-biyoetanol karışım oranlarının belirlenmesine
olanak sağlamaktadır.

Bu çalışmada
sıvı sintilasyon sayımı ile ticari olarak temin edilebilen benzin ve biyoetanol
karışımLarının karışım oranları belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Sıvı sintilasyon sayımı, 14C, Biyoetanol, Aktivite konsantrasyonu, Biyofraksiyon

DETERMINATION OF THE BIOETHANOL RATIO IN GASOLINE FROM 14C ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION BY LIQUID SCINTILLATION COUNTING IN TURKEY

Abstract

Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) technique is commonly applied in
determining the fraction of bioethanol-gasoline blending. The basic principle
of the technique is to measure the radioactivity level of ¹⁴C
isotope with the half-life of 5730 years, which is formed naturally and reaches
to equilibrium in the bodies of all the living organisms. Gasoline is produced
from petroleum, which is formed by the organisms that had died millions years
ago and exposed to pressure and heat under the ground. In addition, bioethanol
is a type of biofuel, obtained from fermentation of such crops like sugar beet,
sugar cane, corn and sweet sorghum. Owing to the fact that the ¹⁴C radioactivity
level in gasoline becomes to the unmeasurable levels within millions years and
the bioethanol has ¹⁴C level in equilibrium with the atmosphere, it
is possible to determine the blending ratios of gasoline and bioethanol.

In this study, the applicability of the determination
of the ratio of biological additives in gasoline by the liquid scintillation
counting technique was investigated. Gasoline-bioethanol mixture ratios were
determined successfully in the commercially available gasoline and bioethanol
mixtures.

Keywords

Liquid Scintillation Counting, 14C, Bioethanol, Activity concentration, biofraction

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