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DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION

Year 2019, Volume: 31 Issue: 1, 30 - 41, 26.06.2019

Abstract

The
mechanistic aspects of the radiation induced inactivation process of microorganisms
were analyzed; a reaction mechanism was proposed, and accordingly a
dose-dependent inactivation kinetics was developed for the inactivation and
sterilization of microbial weapons. The kinetic model was validated using
experimental survival values of Bacillus
anthracis 34F2 sterne
. Dried samples of Bacillus
anthracis 34F2 sterne
spores mixed with non-fat milk were irradiated at
0-31 kGy gamma radiation doses at 25 oC and then eluted with
buffered peptone water, and plated on tryptic soy agar by the pour technique in
petri dishes. The plates were then incubated at 37 oC for 18-24 h
and microorganism colonies were counted. By using the experimental survival
data in the developed kinetic model, the inactivation parameters including
initial cell number in a microorganism colony (no: 3.17 cells/CFU),
radiation sensitivity (G: 0.45 kGy-1), threshold dose (De:
2.59 kGy), decimal reduction dose (D10: 5.18 kGy), sterility assurance
dose (DSAL: 31.05 kGy), and minimum sterilization dose (DMRD:
62.10 kGy) were evaluated.
These parameters were correlated with each other and
the proposed mechanism and their values were compared with literature.
By using the numerical values of kinetic parameters in the model equation,
the dose dependent inactivation kinetics of Bacillus
anthracis 34F2 sterne
was simulated and compared with experimental data.  Correlation coefficient (r: 0.9709) of the
inactivation line indicated that the kinetic equations and corresponding mechanism
were acceptable (p<0.01) for describing the dose dependent inactivation
processes of Bacillus anthracis 34F2
sterne
. It is concluded that developed model and model parameters can be
used for the process efficacy control and dose setting for radiation
sterilization of biological weapons.

References

  • 1) Diehl, J. F. (1990). Biological effects of ionizing radiation, In: Safety of irradiated foods. Diehl, J. F. (ed.), Marcel-Dekker Inc., 95-136, NY. 2) Gazso L. G., Ponta C. C., (2005). Radiation Inactivation Of Bioterrorism Agents, IOS press, Amsterdam, 132-1433) Halkman,H.B.D., Kozat, P. (2005). Gıdalarda Radyasyon Uygulamalarının Mikroorganizmalar Üzerine Etkisi. Gıda Der., 30(6);409-416.4) Lea, D.E. (1955) Action of Radiation on Living Cells, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 234-265.5) Lefevre, P.C., (1977). Note sur les conséquences pratiques de la lyophilisation des spores de Bacillus anthracis., Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop., 30, 2, 135-39. 6) Prockop LD. (2006). Weapons of mass destruction: Overview of the CBRNE’s (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives). J Neurol Sci. , 1;249(1):50-4.7) Suzanne RW, Edward M, Eitzen J.R. (1999). Hazardous materials. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. North Carolina: McGraw Hill, 1201-14.8) Tükenmez, İ., Ersen, M.S., Bakioğlu, A.T., Biçer, A., Pamuk, V., (1997). Dose dependent oxidation kinetics of lipids in fish during irradiation processing, Radiat. Phys. Chem.,50,407-4149) Wheelis M, Rózsa L, Dando M (2006). Deadly Cultures: Biological Weapons Since 1945. Harvard University Press. pp. 284–293, 301–303.10) WHO guidance, (2004). Public health response to biological and chemical weapons, 221.11) William PB, Deanna D, Jay L.S., (2002). Biologic and chemical weapons of mass destruction. Emerg Med Clin N Am, 20: 975-993.

BİYOLOJİK SİLAHLARIN GAMA RADYASYONUYLA İMHASI

Year 2019, Volume: 31 Issue: 1, 30 - 41, 26.06.2019

Abstract


Mikroorganizmaların radyasyona bağlı
inaktivasyon prosesinin mekanistik özellikleri analiz edildi
; bir
reaksiyon mekanizması önerildi ve bu mekanizmaya uygun olarak mikrobiyal
silahların etkisiz hale getirilmesi ve sterilizasyonu için doza bağlı bir
inaktivasyon kinetiği çıkarıldı. Kinetik model,
Bacillus anthracis
34F2 sterne
’in canlı kalan
deneysel konsantrasyon değerleri kullanılarak doğrulandı. Yağsız süt ile
karıştırıldıktan sonra kurutulmuş
Bacillus anthracis 34F2 sterne örnekleri, 25 °C'de 0-31 kGy gama radyasyon
dozlarında ışınlandı ve daha sonra tamponlanmış peptonlu suyla yıkanarak alındı
ve petri kaplarındaki triptik soy agar üzerine dökme yöntemiyle kaplanarak
ekildi. Petri kapları daha sonra 37 °C'de 18-24 saat inkübe edildi ve
mikroorganizma kolonileri sayıldı. Geliştirilen kinetik modelde deneysel canlı
kalan koloni verileri kullanılarak, bir mikroorganizma kolonisinde
başlangıçtaki hücre sayısı (no: 3.17 hücre / CFU), radyasyon
hassasiyeti (G: 0.45 kGy-1), eşik dozu (De : 2.59 kGy),
ondalık azalma dozu (D10: 5.18 kGy), sterilite güvence dozu (DSAL:
31.05 kGy) ve minimum sterilizasyon dozu (DMRD: 62.10 kGy)
hesaplandı. Bu parametreler birbirleriyle ve önerilen reaksiyon mekanizmasıyla ilişkilendirildi,
değerleri başka çalışmalarda rapor edilmiş değerlerle karşılaştırıldı. Model
eşitliğinde kinetik parametrelerinin sayısal değerleri kullanılarak Bacillus anthracis 34F2 sterne’in doza
bağımlı inaktivasyon kinetiği simüle edildi ve deneysel verilerle karşılaştırıldı.
İnaktivasyon doğrusunun korelasyon katsayısı (r: 0.9709),  kinetik denklemlerin ve karşılık gelen
mekanizmanın Bacillus anthracis 34F2
sterne’
in doza bağlı inaktivasyon proseslerini tarif etmek için uygun
olduğunu (P <0.001) gösterdi. Önerilen model ve model parametrelerinin
biyolojik silahların radyasyonla sterilizasyonu için proses etkinliği kontrolü
ve doz ayarlamada kullanılabileceği sonucuna varıldı.




References

  • 1) Diehl, J. F. (1990). Biological effects of ionizing radiation, In: Safety of irradiated foods. Diehl, J. F. (ed.), Marcel-Dekker Inc., 95-136, NY. 2) Gazso L. G., Ponta C. C., (2005). Radiation Inactivation Of Bioterrorism Agents, IOS press, Amsterdam, 132-1433) Halkman,H.B.D., Kozat, P. (2005). Gıdalarda Radyasyon Uygulamalarının Mikroorganizmalar Üzerine Etkisi. Gıda Der., 30(6);409-416.4) Lea, D.E. (1955) Action of Radiation on Living Cells, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 234-265.5) Lefevre, P.C., (1977). Note sur les conséquences pratiques de la lyophilisation des spores de Bacillus anthracis., Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop., 30, 2, 135-39. 6) Prockop LD. (2006). Weapons of mass destruction: Overview of the CBRNE’s (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives). J Neurol Sci. , 1;249(1):50-4.7) Suzanne RW, Edward M, Eitzen J.R. (1999). Hazardous materials. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. North Carolina: McGraw Hill, 1201-14.8) Tükenmez, İ., Ersen, M.S., Bakioğlu, A.T., Biçer, A., Pamuk, V., (1997). Dose dependent oxidation kinetics of lipids in fish during irradiation processing, Radiat. Phys. Chem.,50,407-4149) Wheelis M, Rózsa L, Dando M (2006). Deadly Cultures: Biological Weapons Since 1945. Harvard University Press. pp. 284–293, 301–303.10) WHO guidance, (2004). Public health response to biological and chemical weapons, 221.11) William PB, Deanna D, Jay L.S., (2002). Biologic and chemical weapons of mass destruction. Emerg Med Clin N Am, 20: 975-993.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Metrology, Applied and Industrial Physics
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İbrahim Tükenmez

Özge Birden Kırcı This is me

Publication Date June 26, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 31 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tükenmez, İ., & Kırcı, Ö. B. (2019). DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences, 31(1), 30-41.
AMA Tükenmez İ, Kırcı ÖB. DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences. June 2019;31(1):30-41.
Chicago Tükenmez, İbrahim, and Özge Birden Kırcı. “DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION”. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 31, no. 1 (June 2019): 30-41.
EndNote Tükenmez İ, Kırcı ÖB (June 1, 2019) DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 31 1 30–41.
IEEE İ. Tükenmez and Ö. B. Kırcı, “DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION”, Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 30–41, 2019.
ISNAD Tükenmez, İbrahim - Kırcı, Özge Birden. “DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION”. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 31/1 (June 2019), 30-41.
JAMA Tükenmez İ, Kırcı ÖB. DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences. 2019;31:30–41.
MLA Tükenmez, İbrahim and Özge Birden Kırcı. “DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION”. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences, vol. 31, no. 1, 2019, pp. 30-41.
Vancouver Tükenmez İ, Kırcı ÖB. DESTRUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY GAMMA RADIATION. Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences. 2019;31(1):30-41.