Achieving success without drug treatment in OCD/CD in a dog

Year 2017, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 34 - 37, 01.12.2017

Nevra Keskin , Yasemin Salgırlı Demirbaş

Abstract

A dog was presented to Ankara
University veterinary teaching hospital with 7-year history of acral lick
dermatitis.  History and clinical
findings were consisted with Obsessive compulsive disorder/Compulsive behavior
disorder (OCD/CD). Complete improvement was observed with the behavior
modifications without the use of medication in the patient. The present report
suggests that the correct behavioral therapeutic approach combined with the
patience of the doctor and owner, play a key role to reach a successful outcome
even without medication in the dogs with OCD/CD.

Keywords

OCD, CD, behavior therapy, dog

References

• References Scott DW, Miller WH , Griffin CE. Psychogenic skin disease. In: Muller & Kirk’s Small Animal Dermatology. 6th ed. pp. 1058-1064, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 2001.
• Gross TL, Ihrke PJ, Walder EJ, et al. Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat: Clinical and Histopathologic Diagnosis. Blackwell Science Ltd, 2008. 932 p. Available from, doi: 10.1002/9780470752487
• Shumaker AK, Angus JC, Coyner KS, et al. Microbiological and histopathological features of canine acral lick dermatitis. Vet Dermatol 2008;19: 288-298.
• Beale K. Canine Acral Lick Dermatitis-How I Treat. NAVC Clinician’s Brief June 2012. Access Link: http://www.cliniciansbrief.com/sites/default/files/Canine%20Acral%20Lick%20Dermatitis.pdf
• Rapoport JL, Ryland DH, Kriete M. Drug treatment of canine acral lick. An animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992;49(7):517-21.
• Pereira T, Larsson CE, Ramos D. Environmental, individual and triggering aspects of dogs presenting with psychogenic acral lick dermatitis. Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research. 2010; 5(3): 165.
• Goldberger E, Rapoport JL. Canine acral lick dermatitis: Response to the anti-obsessional drug clomipramine. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1991;27:179–182.
• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition, Text Revision. Washington, DC, 2000; 456-63. https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdf/10.1176/appi.books.9780890420249.dsm-iv-tr
• Luescher AU. Diagnosis and management of compulsive disorders in dogs and cats. Veterinary Clinics: Small Animal Practice. 2003;33(2): 253 – 267
• Abramowitz JS. The psychological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Can J Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;51(7):407-16.
• Luescher AU, McKeown DB, Halip J. Stereotypic or obsessive-compulsive disorders in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1991;21:401–413.
• Seksel K, Lindeman MJ. Use of clomipramine in treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, separation anxiety and noise phobia in dogs: a preliminary, clinical study. Aust Vet J. 2001 Apr;79(4):252-6.
• Hewson CJ, Luescher UA, Ball RO. The use of chance-corrected agreement to diagnose canine compulsive disorder:an approach to behavioral diagnosis in the absence of a ‘‘gold standard.’’. Can. J. Vet. Res. 1999; 63:201-206
• Landsberg GM, Hunthausen WL, Ackerman LJ. Pathophysiology of Compulsive Disorders, In: Behavior Problems of the Dog and Cat Section XI: Stereotypic and compulsive disorders. Elsevier Ltd. 2013. p: 163-64. ISBN: 978-0-7020-4335-2.
• Weiss JM, Goodman PA, Losito BG, Corrigan S, Charry JM, Bailey WH. Behavioral depression produced by an uncontrollable stressor: relationship to norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin levels in various regions of rat brain. Brain Res Rev. 1981;3:167–205.
• Baumgarten HG, Grozdanovic Z. Role of serotonin in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 1998; (35):13-20.
• Geller DA, March J, American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Committee on Quality Issues. Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012;51(1): 98–113. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2011.09.019
• Joanne L. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Children. International Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2015: 1(1): 80-83. doi: 10.5958/2395-180X.2015.00020.1
• Tynes VV, Sinn L. Abnormal repetitive behaviors in dogs and cats: a guide for practitioners. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2014 May;44(3):543-64. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2014.01.011.
• Abrantes AM, Strong DR, Cohn A, Cameron AY, Greenberg BD, Mancebo MC, Brown RA. Acute changes in obsessions and compulsions following moderate-intensity aerobic exercise among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Anxiety Disord. 2009 Oct;23(7):923-7. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.06.008. Epub 2009 Jun 24.
• Rector NA, Richter MA, Lerman B, Regev R. A Pilot Test of the Additive Benefits of Physical Exercise to CBT for OCD.Cogn Behav Ther. 2015;44(4):328-40. doi: 10.1080/16506073.2015.1016448. Epub 2015 Mar 4.