The Effects of Immunostimulants (Zinc, Levamisole, Vitamin AD3E) Use Together With Enterotoxemia Vaccine on Immunoglobulins in Sheep

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 57 - 65, 30.09.2019

Bakhtiyar Mohammed Rashıd Nazmi Yüksek

Abstract

Objective:In this study, levamisole, zinc and vitamin AD₃E
were used with enterotoxemia vaccine in sheep, in order to investigate their
immunostimulant activities and also to make a comparison among them regarding
their immunostimulatory properties.

Materials and Methods: For this purpose 40 sheep were divided into 4 groups, each group consisted of 10 sheep. Group I only vaccinated against enterotoxemia. In groups II, III and IV besides enterotoxemia vaccine, levamisole, zinc and vitamin AD₃E were used respectively. Blood samples were taken on days 0 and 35 of the experiment.  Serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG, IgA
and IgE) were determined using ELISA kits specific to sheep immunoglobulins.
Hematological parameters and serum zinc levels were also determined. 

Results:Levamisole-treated group showed a significant
increase in serum level of IgM, and zinc-treated group demonstrated a
significant increase in serum IgG level (P<0.05). In day 35, serum IgM level
was the highest in levamisole group (group II) based on its levels in groups
III and IV (P<0.05) and also IgG level was highest in group II when compared
to its levels in groups III and IV (P<0.01). In group II, statistically
significant decrease in total WBC and lymphocyte counts and statistically
significant increase in thrombocyte counts were determined on day 35
(P<0.05). In group III, statistically significant decrease in total WBC,
neutrophil counts and hematocrit values were detected (P<0.05), although,
these changes were within physiologically normal limits.

Conclusion:In conclusion, in this study levamisole
stimulated the increase in IgM levels and zinc stimulated the increase in IgG
levels without inducing adverse effect and the increase in antibody production
resulted in the enhancement of humoral immune response to enterotoxemia vaccine.
The use of levamisole and zinc as immunostimulant together with vaccination is
recommended.

Keywords

Clostridium perfringens, enterotoxemia vaccination, immunoglobulins, immunostimulants

Supporting Institution

Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Directorate of Scientific Research Projects

Project Number

Project No: TYL-2016-5450

Thanks

This study was supported by Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Directorate of Scientific Research Projects (Project No: TYL-2016-5450), and we thank them for their support.

References

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