Some reproductive characteristics in common donkey male (Equus asinus)-A mini review

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 77 - 84, 25.11.2022

Sofiane Aıssanou Omar Besseboua Abdelhanine Ayad

https://doi.org/10.47748/tjvr.1083287

Abstract

In contrary to most domestic livestock species, the common donkey (Equus asinus) is widely known as an animal with a marked seasonality in reproductive activity .The annual cycle of daily photoperiod has been identified as the determining factor in the sexual activity. A synthesis of the particularities of donkey reproduction is important and constitutes a basis of scientific reflection for managing asine livestock farms and to establish a well conservation plan for the different breeds around the world. It is necessary to have a perfect knowledge of the seasonal physiological changes in order to optimize the reproductive characteristics in donkeys.The objective of this paper is to review the current state of knowledge on the reproductionseasonality in common donkey. We start with a remainder of some anatomical of the genital apparatus and sexual behavior aspects. Moreover, the investigations undertaken by many authors reveal the influence of the season on testicular biometry, histology, seminal and hormonal parameters in male donkeys’ populations. In conclusion, despite scientific controversy on reproductive seasonal character in donkeys, it could likely be influenced by several factors mainly the photoperiod.

Keywords

sexual behavior, sperm, hormone, seasonality, donkeys

References

• Abd-Elhafeez HH, Moustafa MNK, Zayed AE, Sayed R. The development of the intratesticularexcurrent duct system of donkey (Equusasinus) from birth to maturity.HistolCytolEmbryol.2017; 1: 1-8.
• Abou-Elhamd AS,SalemAO,Selim AA.Histomorphological studies on the prostate gland of donkey Equusasinus during different seasons. J Histol.2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/643287.
• Aissanou S, AyadA..Influence of age, body weight and season on testicular and epididymis biometrics in donkeys (Equusasinus). Int. j. morphol.2022; 38: 1434-1443. Aissanou S, Ayad A. Histomorphometric changes of testicular tissues by season and age of Algerian local donkeys (Equusasinus). Acta. Scient. Anim. Scien, 2022, accepted.
• Álvarez C,Luño V, González N, Gil L. A preliminary study on the use of jenny colostrum to improve quality in extenders for freezing donkey semen. Cryobiology.2019; 87: 110-114.
• Banks WJ. Applied veterinary histology 3rd(edn). Mosby Year Book, St. Louis, USA;1993.
• Bronson FH. Mammalian reproductive biology. University of Chicago Press;1989
• Barone R.Anatomiecomparée des mammifèresdomestiques, tome 4, Vigot, Paris;1990. p. 951.
• Canisso IF, Panzani D, Miro J, REEllerbrock. Key aspects of donkey and mule reproduction. Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice.2019; 35: 607-642.
• Carcangiu V, Mura MC, Parmeggiani A, Piccione G, Bini PP, Cosso G, et al.Daily rhythm of blood melatonin concentrations in sheep of different ages. Biological rhythm research. 2013;44: 908-915.
• Carluccio A, Villani M, Contri A, Tosi U ,Battocchio M. Preliminary study on some seminal and testicular morphometric characteristics in Martina Franca jackass. Ippologia.2004;15: 23-26.
• Carluccio A, Panzani S, Contri A, Bronzo V, RobbeD,Veronesi MC. Influence of season on testicular morphometry and semen characteristics in Martina Franca jackasses. Theriogenology.2013; 79: 502-507.
• Carluccio A, Contri A, Amendola A, De Angelis E, DeAmicis I, Mazzatenta A.Male isolation: a behavioral representation of the pheromonal “female effect” in donkey (Equusasinus). Physiol. Behav.2013 ;118: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. physbeh.2013.04.005.
• Carvalho LE, Silva JM, Palhares MS, Sales ALR,Gonczarowska AT, Oliveira HN, et al. Physical characteristics and fertility of fractionated donkey semen cooled at 5° C. ArquivoBrasileiro de MedicinaVeterinária e Zootecnia. 2017; 69: 29-38.
• Chabchoub A,Tibary A, TrimecheA.Particularités et spécificités de la reproduction du baudet-Nouv.Prat.vet.equine. 2007; 100: 36-40.
• Choquenot D. Density‐dependent growth, body condition, and demography in feral donkeys: testing the food hypothesis. Ecology. 1991; 72(3): 805-813.
• Clayton HM, Lindsay FEF, Forbes AC, Hay LA. Some studies of comparative aspects of sexual behaviour in ponies and donkeys. Appl. Anim. Ethol. 1981; 7: 169–174.
• Contri A, Amicis IDE, Veronesi MC,Faustini M, Robbe D, Carluccio A. Efficiency of different extenders on cooled semen collected during long and short day length seasons in Martina Franca donkey. Animal Reproduction Science.2010;120: 136-141.
• Costa AJSA.Andrologic evaluation of jacksPêga breed [in Portuguese]. Belo Horizonte, MG: Federal University of Minas Gerais. Thesis, 1991.
• Dorado J, Acha D, Gálvez MJ, Ortiz I, Carrasco JJ, Díaz B, Hidalgo M. Sperm motility patterns in Andalusian donkey (Equusasinus) semen: Effects of body weight, age, and semen quality. Theriogenology.2013; 79: 1100-1109.
• Dutta S, Biswas A, Sengupta P,Nwagha U. Ghrelin and male reproduction. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction. 2019; 8: 227.
• Gastal MO, Henry M, Beker AR, Gastal EL, Gonçalves A. Sexual behavior of donkey jacks: influence of ejaculatory frequency and season. Theriogenology.1996; 46: 593–603.
• Gastal MO, Henry M, Beker AR,Gastal EL. Effect of ejaculation frequency and season on donkey jack semen. Theriogenology.1997; 47: 627-638.
• Hagstrom DJ. Donkeys are different: an overview of reproductive variations from horses. University of Illinois, USA, Department of Agriculture, Local Extension Councils Cooperating, 2004; 1-5.
• Henry M, Figueiredo AE, Palhares MS,Coryn M. Clinical and endocrine aspects of the oestrous cycle in donkeys (Equusasinus). J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 1987; 35:297–303.
• Henry M,McdonnellSM,Lodi LD,Gastal EL. Pasture mating behavior of donkeys (Equusasinus) at natural and induced oestrus. J ReprodFert.1991;44: 77–86.
• Henry M, Lodi LD, Gastal MMFO. Sexual behaviour of domesticated donkeys (Equusasinus) breeding under controlled or free range management systems. Applied Animal Behaviour Science.1998; 60: 263-276.
• Hidalgo M, Diaz-Jimenez M, Consuegra C, Pereira B, Dorado J. Vitrification of Donkey Sperm: Is It Better Using Permeable Cryoprotectants. Animals. 2020;10: 1462.
• Jiaha Z. Seasonal variations of plasma testosterone, 17β-estradiol and cortisol levels in Guan Zhong male donkeys [J]. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences. 1983; 4.
• Kugler W,Grunenfelder HP, BroxhamE. Donkey breeds in Europe. Switzerland: St. Gallen,2008.
• Lemma A,Deressa B. Study on reproductive activity and evaluation of breeding soundness of jacks (Equusasinus) in and around DebreZeit, Ethiopia. Livestock Research for Rural Development.2009; 21: 126.
• Martins-BessaA,Quaresma M, Leiva B, Calado A, Navas González FJ. Bayesian linear regression modelling for sperm quality parameters using age, body weight, testicular morphometry, and combined biometric indices in donkeys. Animals. 2021; 11: 176.
• Mcdonnell SM. Reproductive behavior of donkeys (Equusasinus). Applied Animal Behaviour Science.1998; 60: 277-282.
• Miró J, Lobo V, Quintero-Moreno A, Medrano A, Peña A,Rigau T. Sperm motility patterns and metabolism in Catalonian donkey semen. Theriogenology.2005; 63: 1706-1716. Morel MCGD.Equine Reproductive Physiology, Breeding and Stud Management, 2nd edition.CABI Publishing;2003.
• Moustafa MNK, Sayed R,Zayed A, El-HafeezAHE.Morphological and morphometric study of the development of seminiferous epithelium of donkey (Equusasinus) from birth to maturity. Journal of Cytology & Histology.2005; 6(6),1.
• Neves ES, Chiarini-Garcia H, França LR. Comparative testis morphometry and seminiferous epithelium cycle length in donkeys and mules. Biol. Reprod. 2002;67:247-255.
• Nickel R, Schummer A, Seiferle E, Sack WO. The viscera of the domestic mammals. 1979; 2, pp. 261-71.
• Nipken C, Wrobel KH. A quantitative morphological study of age‐related changes in the donkey testis in the period between puberty and senium. Andrologia.1997; 29(3): 149-161.
• Pal Y, Legha RA, Tandon SN.Comparative assessment of seminal characteristics of horse and donkey stallions. ICAR.2009.
• Parks, J. E, Graham JK.Effects of cryopreservation procedures on sperm membranes. Theriogenology. 1992;38: 209-222.
• Purdy SR. Reproduction in Donkeys. In Large animal. Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, 16-20 January 2010 (pp. 249-252). The North American Veterinary Conference.
• Quartuccio M, Marino G, Taormina A,Zanghì A, Cristarella S. Seminal characteristics and sexual behaviour in Ragusano donkeys (Equusasinus) during semen collection on the ground. Large Anim. Rev. 2011; 17: 151–155.
• Reiter RJ, Tan DX, Rosales-Corral S, Galano A, Zhou XG,Xu B. Mitochondria: central organelles for melatonin′ s antioxidant and anti-aging actions. Molecules. 2018; 23: 509.
• Roberts KP, Chauvin TR. Molecular mechanisms of testosterone action on the testis. Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research. 2019; 6: 29-33.
• Rota A, Panzani D, Sabatini C, Camillo F. Donkey jack (Equusasinus) semen cryopreservation: Studies of seminal parameters, post breeding inflammatory response, and fertility in donkey jennies.Theriogenology. 2012 ;78(8): 1846-1854.
• Roy AK, Yadav MP, Sengar. OPS. Effect of season on the physical characteristics of donkey (Equusasinus) semen. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences (India).2003.
• Roy AK,Yadav MP, Sengar. OPS. Effect of season on the biochemical characteristics of donkey (Equusasinus) semen. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences (India).2004.
• Schuler G, Bernhardt-welte AW, Failing K, Hoffmann B. Concentrations of testosterone, estrone and estrone sulfate in peripheral blood of donkey stallions in relation to season. Tierarztliche Praxis. AusgabeG.Grosstiere/Nutztiere. 2019; 47(5): 294-297.
• Sieme H, Oldenhof H, Wolkers WF. Sperm membrane behaviour during cooling and cryopreservation. Reproduction in Domestic Animals.2015; 50: 20-26.
• Taberner E, Medrano A, Pena A, Rigauando T, Mir J. Oestruscycle characteristics and prediction of ovulation in Catalonian jennies. Theriogenology.2008; 70: 1489–1497.
• Tibary A, Sghiri A, Bakkoury M, Fite C. Reproductive patterns in donkeys. In Proceedings of the 9th International Congress of the World Equine Veterinary Association. 2006; (No. suppl, pp. 311-319).
• Veronesi MC, Probo M, Govoni N, Tosi U, Kindahl H, Faustini M, et al. Testosterone, 15-ketodihydro-PGF2α, cortisol, estronesulphate and LH plasma concentrations in jackass around the time of semen collection Proceedings of 6th Biannual Meeting of the Association for Applied Animal Andrology. 2008; (AAAA): C9, 35.
• Yu X, He S, Wang L, Kang M, Zhu Y, Wang S, et al. Effects of Vitamin C and Vitamin E on cryopreservation of Guanzhong donkey semen. Pak. J. Zool.2019; 51: 1777-1781.