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IN SEARCH OF RECOGNITION: ALEVI IDENTITY POLITICS IN THE CASE OF THE (TÜRKIYE) UNITY PARTY

Year 2025, Issue: 116, 51 - 70, 18.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1566158

Abstract

Identity politics can be defined as a phenomenon that focuses on the existence of marginalised individuals or groups in the political arena within social structures. Accordingly, this phenomenon puts an emphasis on making the identity, culture and values of certain individuals or groups visible and establishing social, political and economic equality between them and other dominant individuals or groups in society. While the Alevi community can be characterised as a minority religious group in Türkiye, it can be stressed that their efforts to exist in the political arena are reflected in the (Türkiye) Unity Party—(T)BP. The main objective of the present research is to examine how Alevis' desire for recognition in the society has been established in the context of (T)BP. The data set of the research, which was designed as a single-site case study, was analysed through thematic analysis method. The findings revealed six themes, including human rights and equality, secularism and freedom of belief, social justice and development, social reforms, education and cultural rights, and women rights, and the themes provided fertile ground for increasing the visibility of Alevi identity politics and defending their rights. Furthermore, it was concluded that Alevi identity is not only a religious issue but also has a broader perspective anchored in socio-economic and political justice demands. Consequently, it was demonstrated that the (T)BP has played an important role in the construction of Alevi identity politics and has contributed significantly to the consolidation of the democratic and secular system in Türkiye.

References

  • Akinyetun, Tope Shola. 2024. “Identity Politics, Conflict, and National Integration in Nigeria: The Youths’ Perspective.” African Identities, February, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/1472 5843.2024.2319582.
  • Andrews, P. Alford. 1992. Türkiye’de Etnik Gruplar. Translated by Mustafa Küpüşoğlu. Istanbul: Ant Yayınları.
  • Bein, Simon. 2022. “The Dysfunctional Paradox of Identity Politics in Liberal Democracies.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft 16: 221–246. https://doi. org/10.1007/s12286-022-00522-y.
  • Bernstein, Mary. 2005. “Identity Politics.” Annual Review of Sociology 31: 47-74. https://www. jstor.org/stable/29737711.
  • Braun, Virginia, and Clarke, Victoria. 2022. Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
  • Çelik, Fatih, and Levent Börklüoğlu. 2024. “Türk Siyasetinde Alevi Kimliğinin Politik Temsil Deneyimi: (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi.” Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 112: 353-374. https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1533742
  • Çiçek, Atıl Cem, Selçuk Aydın, and Hüseyin Baran. 2017. “Gelenekle Sol Arasında Sıkışmış Bir Siyasal Hareket: (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi.” SİYASAL: Journal of Political Sciences 26 (2): 27-52. https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2017.26.2.0002
  • Denzin, Norman K. 2009. The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods. 1st ed. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315134543.
  • Dunn, Robert G. 1998. Identity Crises: A Social Critique of Postmodernity. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Elhan, Nail. 2023. “Alevi Politicization and Foreign Policy: Identity-International Politics Nexus in Alevi Political Parties.” Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 108: 55-72. https://doi.org/10.60163/hbv.108.004
  • Elmadagli, Cansu, and Machin, David. 2023. “The Gains and Losses of Identity Politics: The Case of a Social Media Social Justice Movement Called StylelikeU.” Critical Discourse Studies 20 (4): 415-435. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2022.2061544.
  • Ertan, Mehmet. 2016. Alevism in Politics: Possibilities and Limits of Alevi Identity Politics. Doctoral dissertation, Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, Boğaziçi University. Fukuyama, Francis. 2018. Identity: Contemporary Identity Politics and the Struggle for Recognition. London: Profile Books Ltd.
  • Giddens, Antony. 2002. Sağ ve Solun Ötesinde: Radikal Politikaların Geleceği. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Göktolga, Oğuzhan. 2013. “Aynılık-Farklılık Bağlamında Kimlik Siyaseti.” Akademik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi 4 (1): 121-231.
  • González, Francisco. 2023. “On Identity and the Political in Psychoanalysis.” The Psychoanalytic Quarterly 92 (4): 567-598. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332828.2023.2286979.
  • Güler, Sabır. 2007. Bir İnanç Sistemi Olarak Aleviliğin Siyasal Örgütlenmesi: Türkiye Birlik Partisi Deneyimi. Master’s thesis, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Hanan, Djayadi. 2020. “Identity Politics in the 2019 Indonesian General Elections: Its Significance and Limitation.” Jurnal Wacana Politik 5 (1): 15-25. https://doi.org/10.24198/ jwp.v5i1.27710.
  • Kalın, İbrahim. 2006. “Kimlik Siyaseti ve Pandora’nın Kutusu.” Radikal 2, January 15. Karakas, Leyla D., and Mitra, Devashish. 2021. “Electoral Competition in the Presence of Identity Politics.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 33 (2): 169-197. https://doi. org/10.1177/0951629820984847.
  • Kehl-Bodrogi, K. 1996. „Tarih Mitosu ve Kollektif Kimlik.” Birikim Aylık Sosyalist Kültür Dergisi 88: 52-64.
  • Kelime Ata. 2007. Alevilerin İlk Siyasal Denemesi (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi (1966-1980). Ankara: Kelime Yayınevi.
  • Knouse, Jessica. “From Identity Politics to Ideology Politics.” Utah Law Review. University of Toledo Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2010-01: 1-58 Available at SSRN: https://ssrn. com/abstract=1367642.
  • Koçan, Gürcan, and Öncü, Ahmet. 2004. “Citizen Alevi in Turkey: Beyond Confirmation and Denial.” Journal of Historical Sociology 17 (4): 464-489. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467- 6443.2004.00240.x.
  • Massicard, Elise. 2007. Türkiye’den Avrupa’ya Alevi Hareketinin Siyasallaşması. Translated by Ali Berktay. Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Noury, Abdul, and Roland, Gerard. 2020. “Identity Politics and Populism in Europe.” Annual Review of Political Science 23: 421-439. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurevpolisci- 050918-042725.
  • Okudan Dernek, Kadriye. 2014. “Neoliberalizm, Kimlik Siyaseti ve Siyasi Partiler.” Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi 28: 71-83.
  • Pap, Andras L. 2020. “Neglect, Marginalization, and Abuse: Hate Crime Legislation and Practice in the Labyrinth of Identity Politics, Minority Protection, and Penal Populism.” Nationalities Papers 49 (2): 221-239. https://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2020.21.
  • Sen, Amartya. 2006. Kimlik ve Şiddet: Kader Yanılsaması. Translated by Ahmet Kardam. İstanbul: Türk Henkel Yayınları.
  • Shankland, David. 2003. The Alevis in Turkey: The Emergence of a Secular Islamic Tradition. London: RoutledgeCurzon.
  • Sökefeld, Martin. 2008. Struggling for Recognition: The Alevi Movement in Germany and in Transnational Space. New York: Berghahn Books.
  • Stake, Robert E. 1995. The Art of Case Study Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. Taylor, Charles. 1994. “The Politics of Recognition.” In Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition, edited by Amy Gutmann, 25–74. Revised ed. Princeton University Press.
  • Tok, Nafiz. 2006. “Çokkültürlülüğe Bir Yanıt Olarak Tek Kültürcülük ve Çokkültürcülük.” Demokrasi Platformu 2 (5). https://www.demokrasiplatformu.com/dergi/ article/view/41.
  • Türkiye Unity Party [Türkiye Birlik Partisi – TBP]. 1972. Türkiye Unity Party Party Programme. Ankara: Gutenberg Matbaası.
  • Türkiye Unity Party [Türkiye Birlik Partisi – TBP]. 1977. 1977 General Election Radio Speeches. Ankara: Başbakanlık Basımevi.
  • Türkiye Unity Party [Türkiye Birlik Partisi – TBP]. 1980. Türkiye Unity Party Statute and Programme. İstanbul: Zafer Matbaacılık Tesisleri.
  • Unity Party [Birlik Partisi – BP]. 1969. Unity Party Election Declaration.
  • Unity Party [Birlik Partisi – BP]. 1969. Unity Party statute and Programme. İstanbul: Neşriyat ve Basımevi.
  • Yancey, George. 2023. “Identity Politics, Political Ideology, and Well-being: Is Identity Politics Good for Our Well-being?” Sociological Forum 38: 1245-1265. https://doi.org/10.1111/ socf.12966.
  • Yin, Robert K. 2018. Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
  • Yümlü, Murat. 2008. Türkiye’de Alevi Siyaseti Örneği: Türkiye Birlik Partisi (1966–1981). Master’s thesis, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Zaini, Ahmad, Sumirat, Iin Ratna, and Ridho, Moh. Zainor. 2023. “Identity Politics in Electoral Politics.” Politicon: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 5 (2): 137-162.

TANINMA TALEBİ: (TÜRKİYE) BİRLİK PARTİSİ VAKASINDA ALEVİ KİMLİK SİYASETİ

Year 2025, Issue: 116, 51 - 70, 18.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1566158

Abstract

Kimlik siyaseti, marjinalleştirilmiş birey ya da grupların toplumsal yapılar içerisinde siyasi arenadaki varlığına odaklanan bir olgu olarak tanımlanabilir. Bahse konu olgu, belirli birey ya da grupların kimlik, kültür ve değerlerinin görünür kılınmasına ve toplumdaki diğer baskın birey ya da gruplarla aralarında sosyal, siyasi ve ekonomik eşitlik kurulmasına vurgu yapmaktadır. Alevi toplumu Türkiye'de azınlık bir dini grup olarak nitelendirilebilirken, siyasi arenada var olma çabalarının (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi’nde-(T)BP- yansıdığı vurgulanabilir. Bu minvalde mevcut araştırmanın temel amacı, Alevi toplumunun tanınma taleplerinin (T)BP özelinde nasıl inşa edildiğini incelemektir. Tek vakalı örnek olay incelemesi yaklaşımı ile tasarlanan araştırmanın veri seti tematik analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, insan hakları ve eşitlik, laiklik ve inanç özgürlüğü, sosyal adalet ve kalkınma, sosyal reformlar, eğitim ve kültürel haklar ve kadın hakları olmak üzere altı tema ortaya çıkarmış ve bu temaların Alevi kimlik siyasetinin görünürlüğünün artırılması ve haklarının savunulması için verimli bir zemin oluşturduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, Alevi kimliğinin sadece dini bir mesele olmadığı, sosyo-ekonomik ve siyasi adalet taleplerini de içeren daha geniş bir perspektife sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Böylelikle (T)BP'nin Alevi kimlik siyasetinin inşasında önemli bir rol oynadığı ve Türkiye'deki demokratik ve laik sistemin konsolidasyonuna önemli ölçüde katkıda bulunduğu ortaya konmuştur.

References

  • Akinyetun, Tope Shola. 2024. “Identity Politics, Conflict, and National Integration in Nigeria: The Youths’ Perspective.” African Identities, February, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/1472 5843.2024.2319582.
  • Andrews, P. Alford. 1992. Türkiye’de Etnik Gruplar. Translated by Mustafa Küpüşoğlu. Istanbul: Ant Yayınları.
  • Bein, Simon. 2022. “The Dysfunctional Paradox of Identity Politics in Liberal Democracies.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft 16: 221–246. https://doi. org/10.1007/s12286-022-00522-y.
  • Bernstein, Mary. 2005. “Identity Politics.” Annual Review of Sociology 31: 47-74. https://www. jstor.org/stable/29737711.
  • Braun, Virginia, and Clarke, Victoria. 2022. Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
  • Çelik, Fatih, and Levent Börklüoğlu. 2024. “Türk Siyasetinde Alevi Kimliğinin Politik Temsil Deneyimi: (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi.” Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 112: 353-374. https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1533742
  • Çiçek, Atıl Cem, Selçuk Aydın, and Hüseyin Baran. 2017. “Gelenekle Sol Arasında Sıkışmış Bir Siyasal Hareket: (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi.” SİYASAL: Journal of Political Sciences 26 (2): 27-52. https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2017.26.2.0002
  • Denzin, Norman K. 2009. The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods. 1st ed. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315134543.
  • Dunn, Robert G. 1998. Identity Crises: A Social Critique of Postmodernity. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Elhan, Nail. 2023. “Alevi Politicization and Foreign Policy: Identity-International Politics Nexus in Alevi Political Parties.” Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 108: 55-72. https://doi.org/10.60163/hbv.108.004
  • Elmadagli, Cansu, and Machin, David. 2023. “The Gains and Losses of Identity Politics: The Case of a Social Media Social Justice Movement Called StylelikeU.” Critical Discourse Studies 20 (4): 415-435. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2022.2061544.
  • Ertan, Mehmet. 2016. Alevism in Politics: Possibilities and Limits of Alevi Identity Politics. Doctoral dissertation, Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, Boğaziçi University. Fukuyama, Francis. 2018. Identity: Contemporary Identity Politics and the Struggle for Recognition. London: Profile Books Ltd.
  • Giddens, Antony. 2002. Sağ ve Solun Ötesinde: Radikal Politikaların Geleceği. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Göktolga, Oğuzhan. 2013. “Aynılık-Farklılık Bağlamında Kimlik Siyaseti.” Akademik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi 4 (1): 121-231.
  • González, Francisco. 2023. “On Identity and the Political in Psychoanalysis.” The Psychoanalytic Quarterly 92 (4): 567-598. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332828.2023.2286979.
  • Güler, Sabır. 2007. Bir İnanç Sistemi Olarak Aleviliğin Siyasal Örgütlenmesi: Türkiye Birlik Partisi Deneyimi. Master’s thesis, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Hanan, Djayadi. 2020. “Identity Politics in the 2019 Indonesian General Elections: Its Significance and Limitation.” Jurnal Wacana Politik 5 (1): 15-25. https://doi.org/10.24198/ jwp.v5i1.27710.
  • Kalın, İbrahim. 2006. “Kimlik Siyaseti ve Pandora’nın Kutusu.” Radikal 2, January 15. Karakas, Leyla D., and Mitra, Devashish. 2021. “Electoral Competition in the Presence of Identity Politics.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 33 (2): 169-197. https://doi. org/10.1177/0951629820984847.
  • Kehl-Bodrogi, K. 1996. „Tarih Mitosu ve Kollektif Kimlik.” Birikim Aylık Sosyalist Kültür Dergisi 88: 52-64.
  • Kelime Ata. 2007. Alevilerin İlk Siyasal Denemesi (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi (1966-1980). Ankara: Kelime Yayınevi.
  • Knouse, Jessica. “From Identity Politics to Ideology Politics.” Utah Law Review. University of Toledo Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2010-01: 1-58 Available at SSRN: https://ssrn. com/abstract=1367642.
  • Koçan, Gürcan, and Öncü, Ahmet. 2004. “Citizen Alevi in Turkey: Beyond Confirmation and Denial.” Journal of Historical Sociology 17 (4): 464-489. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467- 6443.2004.00240.x.
  • Massicard, Elise. 2007. Türkiye’den Avrupa’ya Alevi Hareketinin Siyasallaşması. Translated by Ali Berktay. Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Noury, Abdul, and Roland, Gerard. 2020. “Identity Politics and Populism in Europe.” Annual Review of Political Science 23: 421-439. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurevpolisci- 050918-042725.
  • Okudan Dernek, Kadriye. 2014. “Neoliberalizm, Kimlik Siyaseti ve Siyasi Partiler.” Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi 28: 71-83.
  • Pap, Andras L. 2020. “Neglect, Marginalization, and Abuse: Hate Crime Legislation and Practice in the Labyrinth of Identity Politics, Minority Protection, and Penal Populism.” Nationalities Papers 49 (2): 221-239. https://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2020.21.
  • Sen, Amartya. 2006. Kimlik ve Şiddet: Kader Yanılsaması. Translated by Ahmet Kardam. İstanbul: Türk Henkel Yayınları.
  • Shankland, David. 2003. The Alevis in Turkey: The Emergence of a Secular Islamic Tradition. London: RoutledgeCurzon.
  • Sökefeld, Martin. 2008. Struggling for Recognition: The Alevi Movement in Germany and in Transnational Space. New York: Berghahn Books.
  • Stake, Robert E. 1995. The Art of Case Study Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. Taylor, Charles. 1994. “The Politics of Recognition.” In Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition, edited by Amy Gutmann, 25–74. Revised ed. Princeton University Press.
  • Tok, Nafiz. 2006. “Çokkültürlülüğe Bir Yanıt Olarak Tek Kültürcülük ve Çokkültürcülük.” Demokrasi Platformu 2 (5). https://www.demokrasiplatformu.com/dergi/ article/view/41.
  • Türkiye Unity Party [Türkiye Birlik Partisi – TBP]. 1972. Türkiye Unity Party Party Programme. Ankara: Gutenberg Matbaası.
  • Türkiye Unity Party [Türkiye Birlik Partisi – TBP]. 1977. 1977 General Election Radio Speeches. Ankara: Başbakanlık Basımevi.
  • Türkiye Unity Party [Türkiye Birlik Partisi – TBP]. 1980. Türkiye Unity Party Statute and Programme. İstanbul: Zafer Matbaacılık Tesisleri.
  • Unity Party [Birlik Partisi – BP]. 1969. Unity Party Election Declaration.
  • Unity Party [Birlik Partisi – BP]. 1969. Unity Party statute and Programme. İstanbul: Neşriyat ve Basımevi.
  • Yancey, George. 2023. “Identity Politics, Political Ideology, and Well-being: Is Identity Politics Good for Our Well-being?” Sociological Forum 38: 1245-1265. https://doi.org/10.1111/ socf.12966.
  • Yin, Robert K. 2018. Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
  • Yümlü, Murat. 2008. Türkiye’de Alevi Siyaseti Örneği: Türkiye Birlik Partisi (1966–1981). Master’s thesis, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Zaini, Ahmad, Sumirat, Iin Ratna, and Ridho, Moh. Zainor. 2023. “Identity Politics in Electoral Politics.” Politicon: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 5 (2): 137-162.

Year 2025, Issue: 116, 51 - 70, 18.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1566158

Abstract

References

  • Akinyetun, Tope Shola. 2024. “Identity Politics, Conflict, and National Integration in Nigeria: The Youths’ Perspective.” African Identities, February, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/1472 5843.2024.2319582.
  • Andrews, P. Alford. 1992. Türkiye’de Etnik Gruplar. Translated by Mustafa Küpüşoğlu. Istanbul: Ant Yayınları.
  • Bein, Simon. 2022. “The Dysfunctional Paradox of Identity Politics in Liberal Democracies.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft 16: 221–246. https://doi. org/10.1007/s12286-022-00522-y.
  • Bernstein, Mary. 2005. “Identity Politics.” Annual Review of Sociology 31: 47-74. https://www. jstor.org/stable/29737711.
  • Braun, Virginia, and Clarke, Victoria. 2022. Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
  • Çelik, Fatih, and Levent Börklüoğlu. 2024. “Türk Siyasetinde Alevi Kimliğinin Politik Temsil Deneyimi: (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi.” Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 112: 353-374. https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1533742
  • Çiçek, Atıl Cem, Selçuk Aydın, and Hüseyin Baran. 2017. “Gelenekle Sol Arasında Sıkışmış Bir Siyasal Hareket: (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi.” SİYASAL: Journal of Political Sciences 26 (2): 27-52. https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2017.26.2.0002
  • Denzin, Norman K. 2009. The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods. 1st ed. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315134543.
  • Dunn, Robert G. 1998. Identity Crises: A Social Critique of Postmodernity. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Elhan, Nail. 2023. “Alevi Politicization and Foreign Policy: Identity-International Politics Nexus in Alevi Political Parties.” Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 108: 55-72. https://doi.org/10.60163/hbv.108.004
  • Elmadagli, Cansu, and Machin, David. 2023. “The Gains and Losses of Identity Politics: The Case of a Social Media Social Justice Movement Called StylelikeU.” Critical Discourse Studies 20 (4): 415-435. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2022.2061544.
  • Ertan, Mehmet. 2016. Alevism in Politics: Possibilities and Limits of Alevi Identity Politics. Doctoral dissertation, Atatürk Institute for Modern Turkish History, Boğaziçi University. Fukuyama, Francis. 2018. Identity: Contemporary Identity Politics and the Struggle for Recognition. London: Profile Books Ltd.
  • Giddens, Antony. 2002. Sağ ve Solun Ötesinde: Radikal Politikaların Geleceği. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • Göktolga, Oğuzhan. 2013. “Aynılık-Farklılık Bağlamında Kimlik Siyaseti.” Akademik Yaklaşımlar Dergisi 4 (1): 121-231.
  • González, Francisco. 2023. “On Identity and the Political in Psychoanalysis.” The Psychoanalytic Quarterly 92 (4): 567-598. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332828.2023.2286979.
  • Güler, Sabır. 2007. Bir İnanç Sistemi Olarak Aleviliğin Siyasal Örgütlenmesi: Türkiye Birlik Partisi Deneyimi. Master’s thesis, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Hanan, Djayadi. 2020. “Identity Politics in the 2019 Indonesian General Elections: Its Significance and Limitation.” Jurnal Wacana Politik 5 (1): 15-25. https://doi.org/10.24198/ jwp.v5i1.27710.
  • Kalın, İbrahim. 2006. “Kimlik Siyaseti ve Pandora’nın Kutusu.” Radikal 2, January 15. Karakas, Leyla D., and Mitra, Devashish. 2021. “Electoral Competition in the Presence of Identity Politics.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 33 (2): 169-197. https://doi. org/10.1177/0951629820984847.
  • Kehl-Bodrogi, K. 1996. „Tarih Mitosu ve Kollektif Kimlik.” Birikim Aylık Sosyalist Kültür Dergisi 88: 52-64.
  • Kelime Ata. 2007. Alevilerin İlk Siyasal Denemesi (Türkiye) Birlik Partisi (1966-1980). Ankara: Kelime Yayınevi.
  • Knouse, Jessica. “From Identity Politics to Ideology Politics.” Utah Law Review. University of Toledo Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2010-01: 1-58 Available at SSRN: https://ssrn. com/abstract=1367642.
  • Koçan, Gürcan, and Öncü, Ahmet. 2004. “Citizen Alevi in Turkey: Beyond Confirmation and Denial.” Journal of Historical Sociology 17 (4): 464-489. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467- 6443.2004.00240.x.
  • Massicard, Elise. 2007. Türkiye’den Avrupa’ya Alevi Hareketinin Siyasallaşması. Translated by Ali Berktay. Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Noury, Abdul, and Roland, Gerard. 2020. “Identity Politics and Populism in Europe.” Annual Review of Political Science 23: 421-439. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurevpolisci- 050918-042725.
  • Okudan Dernek, Kadriye. 2014. “Neoliberalizm, Kimlik Siyaseti ve Siyasi Partiler.” Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi 28: 71-83.
  • Pap, Andras L. 2020. “Neglect, Marginalization, and Abuse: Hate Crime Legislation and Practice in the Labyrinth of Identity Politics, Minority Protection, and Penal Populism.” Nationalities Papers 49 (2): 221-239. https://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2020.21.
  • Sen, Amartya. 2006. Kimlik ve Şiddet: Kader Yanılsaması. Translated by Ahmet Kardam. İstanbul: Türk Henkel Yayınları.
  • Shankland, David. 2003. The Alevis in Turkey: The Emergence of a Secular Islamic Tradition. London: RoutledgeCurzon.
  • Sökefeld, Martin. 2008. Struggling for Recognition: The Alevi Movement in Germany and in Transnational Space. New York: Berghahn Books.
  • Stake, Robert E. 1995. The Art of Case Study Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. Taylor, Charles. 1994. “The Politics of Recognition.” In Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition, edited by Amy Gutmann, 25–74. Revised ed. Princeton University Press.
  • Tok, Nafiz. 2006. “Çokkültürlülüğe Bir Yanıt Olarak Tek Kültürcülük ve Çokkültürcülük.” Demokrasi Platformu 2 (5). https://www.demokrasiplatformu.com/dergi/ article/view/41.
  • Türkiye Unity Party [Türkiye Birlik Partisi – TBP]. 1972. Türkiye Unity Party Party Programme. Ankara: Gutenberg Matbaası.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Turkish Political Life
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İlhan Bilici 0000-0002-4085-7274

Yusuf Ziya Bölükbaşı 0000-0003-4723-5977

Submission Date October 13, 2024
Acceptance Date December 26, 2024
Publication Date December 18, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 116

Cite

ISNAD Bilici, İlhan - Bölükbaşı, Yusuf Ziya. “IN SEARCH OF RECOGNITION: ALEVI IDENTITY POLITICS IN THE CASE OF THE (TÜRKIYE) UNITY PARTY”. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 116 (December2025), 51-70. https://doi.org/10.60163/tkhcbva.1566158.

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