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ŞİÎ NİZARİ MEZHEBİ İMAMI III. AĞA HAN’IN I. DÜNYA SAVAŞI YILLARI FAALİYETLERİ

Year 2013, Issue: 68, 55 - 74, 12.12.2013

Abstract

Şiî İsmailî mezhebinin kırk sekizinci lideri olan III. Muhammed Şah Ağa Han I. Dünya Savaşı’nın patlak vermesinin ardından İngiliz hükümetine hizmet etmek için, kendisine ihti- yaç duyulan bir alanda görev verilmesini talep etmiştir. İngiliz yönetim birimleri Ağa Han’ın özellikle Şiî Müslümanlar üzerinde sahip olduğu dini etkiyi de göz önüne alarak kendisin- den Osmanlı Devleti tarafından ilan edilen cihadın etkilerinin ortadan kaldırılması için çaba sarf etmesini istemiştir. Ağa Han, I. Dünya Savaşı süresince yayınladığı beyannamelerle bu amaca yönelik hizmet etmiştir. Zaman zaman İngiliz yetkililer arasında Ağa Han’ın etki ve yetkisini aştığına dair görüşmeler olmuşsa da Ağa Han’ın görüşleri savaş sonuna kadar İngiliz yetkililerin birçoğu ve hatta İngiliz Kralı tarafından dikkate alınmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Kendi kaleminden çıkan çeşitli yazılara bakılacak olursa Ağa Han, Osmanlı Devleti’nin hi- lafet yetkisinin devamını savunmuş ve Arap hilafetine taraftar olmamıştır. Ancak Osmanlı Devleti’nin uygulamak için çaba gösterdiği Panislâmik propagandanın etkisiz hale get- irilmesinde önemli işlev yüklenmiştir.

References

  • DH.EUM.7.Şb., 1/48. DH.EUM.5.Şb., 5/34. HR.SYS, 2419/93.
  • IOR/L/PS/10/524, IOR/L/PS/18-C/146.
  • HARDINGE 83, 88, 89, 100, 105, 121.
  • CREWE 19/2.
  • FO 371/2355, 371/2480
  • “Aga Khan’s Return to India, His Efforts in Egypt”, The Times. 13 Ocak 1915.
  • Aga Khan, Selected Speeches and Writings of Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah, (1998). Ed. K.K Aziz, Vol. I, 1902-1927, London, New York: Kegal Paul International.
  • Aga Khan Sultan Muhammed Shah (1954). The Memoirs of Aga Khan, World Enough and Time. London: Cassell and Company Ltd.
  • DAFTARY, F. (2007). The Ismā‘īlīs , Their History and Doctrines. Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • DUMASIA, N. (1939). The Aga Khan and His Ancestors. Bombay: Times of India Press.
  • GREENWALL, H. J. (1952). His Highness the Aga Khan: Imam of the Ismailis. London: Gresset Press.
  • “Honors for the Aga Khan, Gun Salute and Runk of Chief ”. The Times. 13 Nisan 1916.
  • “Indian Moslems And The Government. Sympathy With Turkey”. The Times. 14 Temmuz 1913.
  • “Ismailis”, Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6.th edition, History Reference Centre.
  • LAITHWAITE, G., “Aga Khan III (1877–1957)”, rev. ROBINSON, Francis, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004: Oxford University Press,; online edn, May 2007. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/30345, Erişim tarihi: 4 Nisan 2010] “Mahomedan Feeling in India”. The Times. 19 Nisan 1913.
  • MORRIS, H.S. (1958). “The Divine Kingship of the Aga Khan: A Study of Theocracy in East Africa”,.Southwestern Journal of Anthropology. 14/4: 454-472.
  • MUKHERJEE, S. (2011). “Being ‘Ismaili’ and ‘Muslim’: Some Observations on the Politico-Religious Career of Aga Khan III”. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 34(2): 188-207.
  • ÖZ, M. (1988). “Ağa Han”. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi. 1: 452-454.
  • ÖZ, M. (2001). “İsmailîyye”. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi. 23:127-132.
  • ÖZCAN, A. (1992). Pan-İslamizm Osmanlı Devleti Hindistan Müslümanları ve İngiltere (1877-1914). İstanbul: TDV Yay.
  • ÖZCAN, A.(1998). “İngiltere’de Hilâfet Tartışmaları 1873-1909”, İslâm Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2: 49-71.
  • PUROHIT, T. (2011). “Identity Politics Revisited: Secular and ‘Dissonant’ Islam in Colonial South Asia”, Modern Asian Studies. 45(3): 709–33
  • TAN, M. (2012). “Tarihsel Süreçte İsmaililik ve Yaşadığı Farklılaşmalar”. Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. 17(2): 111-145.
  • “The Aga Khan and the Moslem League”. The Times. 6 Mart 1912.
  • “The Aga Khan’s Offer”. The Times. 14 Eylül 1914.
  • “The Princes of India”. The Times. 24 Mayıs 1911.
  • VÁMBÉRY, Á., “Pan-İslamism in India, Professor Vambery’s Views”. The Times. 17 Eylül 1912.

ACTIVITIES OF SHIA NİZARİ IMAM AGA KHAN THE THIRTH DURING THE WORLD WAR I

Year 2013, Issue: 68, 55 - 74, 12.12.2013

Abstract

After the outbreak of the WWI, Muhammed Shah III Aga Khan , who was the forty-eighth Imam of the Shia Ismaili sect, requested from the British government that he be assigned a duty in any area of need. The British administration, considering his influence particularly over Shia Muslims, assigned Aga Khan to mitigate the effects of the holy war [jihad] which had been proclamied by the Ottoman Government. Aga Khan served to this objective by issuing various declarations during the WWI. Altough there were discussions from time to time among British officers concerning the activities of Aga Khan beyond his authority, his views were taken into consideration by many British authorities including the King of England until the end of the war. Referring the his own writing Aga Khan argued that Ottoman State’s caliphate authurity should continue and he didn’t favor Arab caliphate claims. Neverthless he had really important function to hinder of Turkish Panislamic propaganda

References

  • DH.EUM.7.Şb., 1/48. DH.EUM.5.Şb., 5/34. HR.SYS, 2419/93.
  • IOR/L/PS/10/524, IOR/L/PS/18-C/146.
  • HARDINGE 83, 88, 89, 100, 105, 121.
  • CREWE 19/2.
  • FO 371/2355, 371/2480
  • “Aga Khan’s Return to India, His Efforts in Egypt”, The Times. 13 Ocak 1915.
  • Aga Khan, Selected Speeches and Writings of Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah, (1998). Ed. K.K Aziz, Vol. I, 1902-1927, London, New York: Kegal Paul International.
  • Aga Khan Sultan Muhammed Shah (1954). The Memoirs of Aga Khan, World Enough and Time. London: Cassell and Company Ltd.
  • DAFTARY, F. (2007). The Ismā‘īlīs , Their History and Doctrines. Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • DUMASIA, N. (1939). The Aga Khan and His Ancestors. Bombay: Times of India Press.
  • GREENWALL, H. J. (1952). His Highness the Aga Khan: Imam of the Ismailis. London: Gresset Press.
  • “Honors for the Aga Khan, Gun Salute and Runk of Chief ”. The Times. 13 Nisan 1916.
  • “Indian Moslems And The Government. Sympathy With Turkey”. The Times. 14 Temmuz 1913.
  • “Ismailis”, Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6.th edition, History Reference Centre.
  • LAITHWAITE, G., “Aga Khan III (1877–1957)”, rev. ROBINSON, Francis, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004: Oxford University Press,; online edn, May 2007. [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/30345, Erişim tarihi: 4 Nisan 2010] “Mahomedan Feeling in India”. The Times. 19 Nisan 1913.
  • MORRIS, H.S. (1958). “The Divine Kingship of the Aga Khan: A Study of Theocracy in East Africa”,.Southwestern Journal of Anthropology. 14/4: 454-472.
  • MUKHERJEE, S. (2011). “Being ‘Ismaili’ and ‘Muslim’: Some Observations on the Politico-Religious Career of Aga Khan III”. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 34(2): 188-207.
  • ÖZ, M. (1988). “Ağa Han”. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi. 1: 452-454.
  • ÖZ, M. (2001). “İsmailîyye”. TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi. 23:127-132.
  • ÖZCAN, A. (1992). Pan-İslamizm Osmanlı Devleti Hindistan Müslümanları ve İngiltere (1877-1914). İstanbul: TDV Yay.
  • ÖZCAN, A.(1998). “İngiltere’de Hilâfet Tartışmaları 1873-1909”, İslâm Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2: 49-71.
  • PUROHIT, T. (2011). “Identity Politics Revisited: Secular and ‘Dissonant’ Islam in Colonial South Asia”, Modern Asian Studies. 45(3): 709–33
  • TAN, M. (2012). “Tarihsel Süreçte İsmaililik ve Yaşadığı Farklılaşmalar”. Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. 17(2): 111-145.
  • “The Aga Khan and the Moslem League”. The Times. 6 Mart 1912.
  • “The Aga Khan’s Offer”. The Times. 14 Eylül 1914.
  • “The Princes of India”. The Times. 24 Mayıs 1911.
  • VÁMBÉRY, Á., “Pan-İslamism in India, Professor Vambery’s Views”. The Times. 17 Eylül 1912.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gülsüm Polat This is me

Publication Date December 12, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Issue: 68

Cite

ISNAD Polat, Gülsüm. “ŞİÎ NİZARİ MEZHEBİ İMAMI III. AĞA HAN’IN I. DÜNYA SAVAŞI YILLARI FAALİYETLERİ”. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi 68 (December 2013), 55-74.

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