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İÇ MEKANDA YATAĞIN ÖRTÜK ANLAMI: THOMAS ROWLANDSON’IN YATAK TEMSİLLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 333 - 347, 01.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.7456/tojdac.1239017

Abstract

Yatak farklı coğrafya ve kültürlerde değişim göstermekte, mekansal gelişmeler doğrultusunda farklı tasarım ve kullanım biçimlerine sahip olmaktadır. Yatak aynı zamanda uyku eylemine olanak sağlayan bir mobilya olmanın ötesinde, kullanıcısının korunma, sosyalleşme, ısınma gibi çeşitli gereksinimlerini karşılayan tasarım kararlarını içerisinde barındırmaktadır. Bu noktada sunulan çalışmanın amacı; mekan, kullanıcı gereksinimi ve tasarım kavramları ara kesitinde yatağın sahip olduğu örtük anlamların tarihsel bir bakış açısıyla ele alınmasıdır. Bu noktada, yataklar çoğunlukla iç mekanda yer alan bir mobilya olarak kullanıldıkları için çalışmanın kapsamı konut iç mekan yatakları olarak daraltılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmanın yöntemi olarak nitel yöntemlerden tarihsel inceleme yöntemi kullanılmış, yatağın konut iç mekanı ve kullanım etmenleri doğrultusunda kullanıcısı ile kurduğu ilişkiler tarihsel perspektifte ele alınarak incelenmiştir. İnceleme neticesinde tespit edilen ilişkiler kavramsallaştırılmış ve bir kavram haritası oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan tüm kavramlar satirik bir çizer olan Thomas Rowlandson’ın karikatürlerindeki yatak temsilleri üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme, tarihsel bir akışa göre gerçekleştirilmiş; karikatür temsillerindeki yatak bulunduğu yer, temel tasarım prensibi ve mekan kullanıcısı arakesitinde değerlendirilmiştir. Yatağın bir uyku aracı olmasının ötesinde barındırdığı mekansal karşılıklar ve konut iç mekanına yansımaları dönemsel bir anlatıcı olan ve tarihsel belge niteliği taşıyan karikatürler üzerinden ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Sunulan çalışma ile yatağın gelecek kullanımları ve tasarım yaklaşımları bakımından da bir bakış açısı oluşturması ve konut iç mekanlarındaki kullanımına ilişkin bir farkındalık yaratılması hedeflenmiştir.

References

  • Barclay, K. (2021). Making the bed, making the lower-order home in eighteenth-century scotland. Routledge.
  • Barrel, J. (1992). The birth of pandora and the division of knowledge. Palgrave Macmillan. Catleden, R. The stonehenge people an exploration of life in neolithic britain 4700-2000BC. Routledge.
  • Chute, H. (2011). Comics form and narrating lives. Profession,107–117. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41714112
  • Cresswell, J. (2021). Oxford dictionary of word origins. Oxford University Press.
  • Demirarslan, D. (2020). Tarihsel süreçte yatak odalarının gelişimi. Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research, 7(52), 860-884.
  • Ekirch, A. R. (2005). At day’s close, night in times past. W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Fagan, B. & Durrani, N. (2021). What we did in bed: a horizantal history. Yale University Press.
  • Hassaan, G. A. (2016). Mechanical engineering in ancient egypt, part I: furniture industry. International Journal of Advancement in Enginerring Technology, Management&Applied Science, 3(1), 95-121.
  • Heidegger, M. (1971). Building dwelling thinking. Poetry, language, thought, 154, 1-26. Karaalioğlu, O. & Yılmaz, A. (2021). İç mekân resimlerinde yatak teması ve çıplak kadın bedeniyle ilişkisi kapsamında mahremiyet olgusu. Tyhke, 6(10), 8-26.
  • Kris, E. (1952). Psychoanalytic explorations in art. International Universities Press. Merriam-Webster. (n.d.) Bed. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved June 19, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bed
  • Nişanyan, S. (2007). Sözlerin soy ağacı çağdaş türkçenin kökenbilim sözlüğü. Adam Yayınları.
  • Nissinen, L. (2013). A bedroom of one’s own. In Anguissoloa, An (Ed.), Privata luxuria: towards an archaeology of intimacy. Herbert Utz verlag.
  • Rensen, P. (2002). Sleep without a home: the embedment of sleep in the lives of the rough-sleeping homeless in amsterdam. Routledger Curzon Press.
  • Rowlandson, T. (1791). House-breakers [Drawing]. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, United States. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/786183
  • Rowlandson, T. (1806). A father in his bed surrounded by his wife and children [Drawing]. Christies. https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-4134829
  • Rowlandson, T. (1806). The chamber of genius [Drawing]. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, United States. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/742672
  • Rowlandson, T. (1808). Miseries of Human Life [Drawing]. David Brass Rare Books. https://www.davidbrassrarebooks.com/pages/books/04841/thomas-rowlandson/miseries-of-human-life
  • Rowlandson, T. (1811). The bassoon with a french horn accompaniment [Drawing]. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, United States. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/810865
  • Rowlandson, T. (1812). Dr. Syntax robb’d of his property [Drawing]. Royal Academy of Arts. London, England. https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/work-of-art/dr-syntax-robbd-of-his-property
  • Saraceni, M. (2003). The language of comics. Routledge Taylor&Francis Group.
  • Sherry, J. (1978). Distance and humor: the art of thomas rowlandson. Eighteenth Century Studies, 11(4), 457-472.
  • Shipley, J. T. (1945). Dictionary of word origins. The Philosophical Library. Türk Dil Kurumu. (n.d.). Yatak. In Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlüklükleri. Retrieved June 19, 2022, from https://sozluk.gov.tr/
  • Wadley, L. (2011). Why are so few plants depicted in rock art?, The Digging Stick, 28(3), 5-7.
  • Williams, S. J. (2005). Sleep and society. Sociological ventures into the (un)known. Routledge.
  • Wolf, S. G. (1993). As various as their land: the everyday of eighteenth century americans. University of Arkansas Press.
  • Worthman, C. M. & Melby, M. K. (2002). Toward a comparative developmental ecology of human sleep. In M. A. Carskadon (Ed.), Adolescent sleep patterns: Biological, social, and psychological influences (pp. 69–117). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511499999.009
  • Wadley, L., Esteban, I., Pena, P., Wojciesazak, M. & Stratford, D. (2020). Fire and grass-bedding construction 200 thousand years ago at border cave south africa. Science, 369(6505), 863-866.
  • Wright, L. (1962). Warm and snug: The history of the bed. Routledge & Kegan Paul Press.
  • Zhuang, Z., Li, Y., Chen, B. & Guo, J. (2009). Chinese kang as a domestic heating system in rural northern china, Energy and Buildings, 41(1), 111-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2008.07.013

THE IMPLICIT MEANING OF THE BED IN INTERIOR SPACE: A STUDY ON THOMAS ROWLANDSON’S BED REPRESENTATIONS

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 333 - 347, 01.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.7456/tojdac.1239017

Abstract

In accordance with spatial developments, the bed's design and usage vary throughout diverse geographies and cultures. The bed also includes design choices that address a variety of human needs, including safety, socializing, and warmth, in addition to being a furniture that facilitates the act of sleeping. At this point, the aim of the presented article is to deal with the implicit meanings of the bed in the intersection of space, user needs and design concepts from a historical perspective. Since the beds are primarily used as interior furniture, the article's scope has been narrowed down to domestic interior beds. In this direction, the historical analysis method, one of the qualitative methods, was used as the method of the study, and the relations that the bed established with the user in line with the housing interior and usage factors were examined in a historical perspective. A concept map was developed and relationships identified through the examination were conceptualized. All concepts were evaluated through the bed representations in the caricatures of satirical artist Thomas Rowlandson. The evaluation was conducted in accordance with a chronological flow; the positioning of the bed in the caricature representations was assessed in terms of the fundamental design principle and the intended user of the space. Beyond being a sleeping tool, the spatial counterparts of the bed and its reflections on the housing interior are revealed through caricatures, which are a periodical storyteller and historical documents. With the presented study, it is aimed to create a perspective in terms of future uses and design approaches of the bed and to raise awareness about its use in housing interiors.

References

  • Barclay, K. (2021). Making the bed, making the lower-order home in eighteenth-century scotland. Routledge.
  • Barrel, J. (1992). The birth of pandora and the division of knowledge. Palgrave Macmillan. Catleden, R. The stonehenge people an exploration of life in neolithic britain 4700-2000BC. Routledge.
  • Chute, H. (2011). Comics form and narrating lives. Profession,107–117. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41714112
  • Cresswell, J. (2021). Oxford dictionary of word origins. Oxford University Press.
  • Demirarslan, D. (2020). Tarihsel süreçte yatak odalarının gelişimi. Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research, 7(52), 860-884.
  • Ekirch, A. R. (2005). At day’s close, night in times past. W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Fagan, B. & Durrani, N. (2021). What we did in bed: a horizantal history. Yale University Press.
  • Hassaan, G. A. (2016). Mechanical engineering in ancient egypt, part I: furniture industry. International Journal of Advancement in Enginerring Technology, Management&Applied Science, 3(1), 95-121.
  • Heidegger, M. (1971). Building dwelling thinking. Poetry, language, thought, 154, 1-26. Karaalioğlu, O. & Yılmaz, A. (2021). İç mekân resimlerinde yatak teması ve çıplak kadın bedeniyle ilişkisi kapsamında mahremiyet olgusu. Tyhke, 6(10), 8-26.
  • Kris, E. (1952). Psychoanalytic explorations in art. International Universities Press. Merriam-Webster. (n.d.) Bed. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved June 19, 2022, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bed
  • Nişanyan, S. (2007). Sözlerin soy ağacı çağdaş türkçenin kökenbilim sözlüğü. Adam Yayınları.
  • Nissinen, L. (2013). A bedroom of one’s own. In Anguissoloa, An (Ed.), Privata luxuria: towards an archaeology of intimacy. Herbert Utz verlag.
  • Rensen, P. (2002). Sleep without a home: the embedment of sleep in the lives of the rough-sleeping homeless in amsterdam. Routledger Curzon Press.
  • Rowlandson, T. (1791). House-breakers [Drawing]. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, United States. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/786183
  • Rowlandson, T. (1806). A father in his bed surrounded by his wife and children [Drawing]. Christies. https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-4134829
  • Rowlandson, T. (1806). The chamber of genius [Drawing]. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, United States. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/742672
  • Rowlandson, T. (1808). Miseries of Human Life [Drawing]. David Brass Rare Books. https://www.davidbrassrarebooks.com/pages/books/04841/thomas-rowlandson/miseries-of-human-life
  • Rowlandson, T. (1811). The bassoon with a french horn accompaniment [Drawing]. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, United States. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/810865
  • Rowlandson, T. (1812). Dr. Syntax robb’d of his property [Drawing]. Royal Academy of Arts. London, England. https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/work-of-art/dr-syntax-robbd-of-his-property
  • Saraceni, M. (2003). The language of comics. Routledge Taylor&Francis Group.
  • Sherry, J. (1978). Distance and humor: the art of thomas rowlandson. Eighteenth Century Studies, 11(4), 457-472.
  • Shipley, J. T. (1945). Dictionary of word origins. The Philosophical Library. Türk Dil Kurumu. (n.d.). Yatak. In Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlüklükleri. Retrieved June 19, 2022, from https://sozluk.gov.tr/
  • Wadley, L. (2011). Why are so few plants depicted in rock art?, The Digging Stick, 28(3), 5-7.
  • Williams, S. J. (2005). Sleep and society. Sociological ventures into the (un)known. Routledge.
  • Wolf, S. G. (1993). As various as their land: the everyday of eighteenth century americans. University of Arkansas Press.
  • Worthman, C. M. & Melby, M. K. (2002). Toward a comparative developmental ecology of human sleep. In M. A. Carskadon (Ed.), Adolescent sleep patterns: Biological, social, and psychological influences (pp. 69–117). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511499999.009
  • Wadley, L., Esteban, I., Pena, P., Wojciesazak, M. & Stratford, D. (2020). Fire and grass-bedding construction 200 thousand years ago at border cave south africa. Science, 369(6505), 863-866.
  • Wright, L. (1962). Warm and snug: The history of the bed. Routledge & Kegan Paul Press.
  • Zhuang, Z., Li, Y., Chen, B. & Guo, J. (2009). Chinese kang as a domestic heating system in rural northern china, Energy and Buildings, 41(1), 111-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2008.07.013
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Gözde Gökdemir 0000-0002-6717-6241

Uğur Efe Uçar 0000-0002-1080-3080

Publication Date April 1, 2023
Submission Date January 18, 2023
Acceptance Date February 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gökdemir, G., & Uçar, U. E. (2023). İÇ MEKANDA YATAĞIN ÖRTÜK ANLAMI: THOMAS ROWLANDSON’IN YATAK TEMSİLLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME. Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication, 13(2), 333-347. https://doi.org/10.7456/tojdac.1239017


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