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Sekiz Haftalık Spor Tırmanışı Eğitiminin Kaygı, Mutluluk ve Çeşitli Motorik Değişkenler Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 394 - 407, 30.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1297147

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, spor tırmanış eğitiminin daha önce spor tırmanış deneyimi olmayan bireyler üzerindeki fiziksel ve psikolojik etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada, daha önce spor tırmanış yapmamış üniversite öğrencilerinden oluşan bir örneklem seçilmiştir. Araştırma hipotezini test etmek için 8 haftalık bir spor tırmanış eğitim programı oluşturulmuş ve katılımcılara uygulanmıştır. Araştırmaya 14'ü deney, 14'ü kontrol grubu olmak üzere 28 gönüllü katılmıştır. Deney grubu 8 hafta boyunca haftada 3 kez spor tırmanış eğitimine katılırken, kontrol grubu bu süre zarfında herhangi bir fiziksel aktivitede bulunmamıştır. Ön-test son-test kontrol gruplu deneysel desenin kullanıldığı çalışmada antropometrik ölçümler, performans testleri, Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeği ve Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri'nin sürekli kaygı boyutu kullanılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Bulgular, deney grubunun dikey sıçrama, hem sol hem de sağ el için kavrama gücü, sırt kuvveti ve sürekli kaygıda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir gelişme ortaya koymuştur. Mutluluk ve esneklikte olumlu bir gelişme olmasına rağmen, bu değişiklikler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Bu çalışma, 8 haftalık spor tırmanış eğitiminden sonra sürekli kaygı ile ilgili önemli istatistiksel sonuçlar elde edilmesi bakımından daha önce yapılan çalışmalardan farklılaşmaktadır. Ek olarak, deney grubundaki tüm katılımcıların sol el pençe kuvvetinde bir artış gözlemlenmiştir.

References

  • Aras, D., & Gündüz, N. (2016). Rekreatı̇f spor kaya tırmanışının 14 yaşındakı̇ bı̇reylerde durumluk ve süreklı̇ kaygı üzerı̇ne etkı̇lerı̇. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 243-250.
  • Aydın, A., & Tiryaki, S. (2017). Üniversite öğrencilerinin kaygı düzeylerini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeye yönelik bir çalışma (KTÜ örneği). Kastamonu Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(4), 715-72.
  • Aykora, E. (2019). An analysis over physical and physiological parameters of elementary school children taking part in a sport climbing exercise. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(2), 624-628.
  • Backe, S., Ericson, L., Janson, S., & Timpka, T. (2009). Rock climbing ınjury rates and associated risk factors in a general climbing population. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 19(6), 850-856.
  • Balas, J., Strejcova, B., Maly, T., Mala, L., & Martin, A. J. (2009). Changes in upper body strength and body composition after 8 weeks indoor climbing in youth. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 17, 173-179.
  • Balish, S. M., Conacher, D., & Dithurbide, L. (2016). Sport and recreation are associated with happiness across countries. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 87(4), 382-388.
  • Doğan, T., & Çötok, N. A. (2011). Oxford mutluluk ölçeği kısa formunun türkçe uyarlaması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(36), 165-172.
  • Draper, N., Jones, G. A., Fryer, S., Hodgson, C., & Blackwell, G. (2008). Effect of an on-sight lead on the physiological and psychological responses to rock climbing. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 7(4), 492-498.
  • Frey, B. S., & Gullo, A. (2021). The relationship of happiness and sport. H. J. Altman, M. Altman, & B. Torgler In, Behavioural Sports Economics. A Research Companion (s. 289-301). London: Routledge.
  • Gatab, T. A., & Pirhayti, S. (2012). The effect of the selected exercise on male students' happiness and mental health. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 2702 – 2705.
  • Giles, L. V., Rhodes, E. C., & Taunton, J. E. (2006). The Physiology of Rock Climbing. Sports Medicine, 36, 529–545.
  • González, A. D., Fernández, J. V., Ordóñez, B. D., & Morales, B. L. (2017). Sport and happiness. Apunts. Educación Física y Deportes, 130(4), 18-28.
  • Goswami, S., & Sarkar, L. N. (2016). Impact of sport types on happiness of university athletes. Journal of Physical Education Research, 3(3), 91-100.
  • Grant, S., Hynes, V., Whittaker, A., & Aitchison, T. (1996). Anthropometric, strength, endurance and flexibility characteristics of elite and recreational climbers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 14, 301-309.
  • Hajloo, N., & Pezeshki, H. (2013). Compare happiness, psychological tenacity, and sensation seeking among athletes and no athletes. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 1063-1066.
  • Heilmann, F. (2021). Executive functions and domain-specific cognitive skills in climbers. Brain Sciences, 4(11), 449-459.
  • Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2002). The oxford happiness questionnaire: a compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(7), 1073–1082.
  • Ignjatović, M., Stanković, D., & Pavlović, V. (2016). Relations and ınfluences of balance on the result in sports climbing. Physical Education and Sport, 14(2), 237-245.
  • Jones, G., Asghar, A., & Llewellyn, D. J. (2007). The epidemiology of rock-climbing ınjuries. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(9), 773-778.
  • Karasar, N. (2013). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • Lacy, A. C., & Williams, S. M. (2018). Measurement and evaluation in physical education and exercise scien (Eighth Edition b.). Oxon: Routledge.
  • Levin, P. (2020). Anxiety. J. Taylor In, Comprehensive applied sport psychology (s. 238-243). New York: Routledge.
  • Li, L., Ru, A., Liao, T., Zou, S., Niu, X. H., & Wang, Y. T. (2018). Effects of rock climbing exercise on physical fitness among college students: a review article and meta-analysis. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 47(10), 1440-1452.
  • MacKenzie, R., Monaghan, L., Masson, R. A., Werner, A. K., Caprez, T. S., Johnston, L., & Kemi, O. J. (2019). Physical and physiologic determinants of rock climbing. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 15(2), 168-179.
  • Mallari-Cuerdo, M., & Pagaduan, J. C. (2013). Effect of four weeks of ındoor rock climbing on anthropometric measurements, power and strength of female college students. Asia Life Sciences, 22(2), 403-411.
  • Masters-Evans, K. (2022). Flexibility. R. K. Devlin In, Exercise and Physical Activity. From Health Benefits to Fitness Crazes (s. 147-149). Santa Barbara: Greenwood.
  • Mermier, C. M., Janot, J. M., Parker, D. L., & Swan, J. G. (2000). Physiological and anthropometric determinants of sport climbing performance. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(5), 359-366.
  • Minetor, R., & Devlin, R. K. (2022). Balance. R. K. Devlin In, Exercise and Physical Activity. From Health Benefits to Fitness Crazes (s. 24-26). Santa Barbara: Greenwood.
  • Mohammadi, E., Batvandi, Z., & Saberi, A. (2015). Relationship between happiness and different levels of physical activity. Trends in Sport Sciences, 1(22), 47-52.
  • Nichols, T. (2022). Power and Strength. R. K. Devlin In, Exercise and physical activity. from health benefits to fitness crazes (s. 279-280). Santa Barbara: Greenwood.
  • Nieman, D. C. (2011). Exercise Testing and Prescription. A Health-Related Approach (Seventh Edition b.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Öner, N., & Le Compte, W. A. (1985). Durumluk-sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Peters, P. (2001). Orthopedic problems in sport climbing. Wilderness and Environmental Medicine, 12(2), 100-110.
  • Sapmaz, F., & Doğan, T. (2012). Mutluluk ve Yaşam Doyumunun Yordayıcısı Olarak İyimserlik. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(3), 63-69.
  • Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manual for state-trait anxiety ınventory. California: Consulting Psychologist Press.
  • Villavicencio, P., Bravo, C., Ibarz, A., & Solé, S. (2021). Effects of acute psychological and physiological stress on rock climbers. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(21), 5013-5023.
  • Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2019). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (Seventh Edition b.). Champaign: Human Kinetics.
  • Wheatley, K. A. (2021). Exploring the relationship between mindfulness and rock-climbing: A Controlled Study. Current Psychology, 1-13.
  • Woollings, K. Y., McKay, C. D., & Emery, C. A. (2015). Risk factors for ınjury in sport climbing and bouldering: a systematic review of the literature. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(17), 1094-1099.
  • Wright, D. M., Royle, T. J., & Marshall, T. (2001). Indoor rock climbing: who gets ınjured? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(3), 181-185.

Effects of 8 Weeks of Sport Climbing Training on Anxiety, Happiness and Various Motor Variables

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 394 - 407, 30.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1297147

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the physical and psychological effects of sport climbing training on individuals with no previous sport climbing experience. In the study, a sample of university students who had not done sport climbing before was selected. To test the research hypothesis, an 8-week sport climbing training program was created and applied to the participants. Twenty-eight volunteers, 14 in the experimental group and 14 in the control group, participated in the study. The experimental group participated in sport climbing training 3 times a week for 8 weeks, while the control group did not engage in any physical activity during this period. In the study in which pre-test post-test control group experimental design was used, data were collected using anthropometric measurements, performance tests, Oxford Happiness Scale and trait anxiety dimension of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The findings revealed a statistically significant improvement in vertical jump, grip strength for both left and right hand, back strength and trait anxiety in the experimental group. Although there was a positive improvement in happiness and flexibility, these changes were not statistically significant. This study differs from previous studies in that significant statistical results were obtained on trait anxiety after 8 weeks of sport climbing training. In addition, an increase in left hand claw strength was observed in all participants in the experimental group.

References

  • Aras, D., & Gündüz, N. (2016). Rekreatı̇f spor kaya tırmanışının 14 yaşındakı̇ bı̇reylerde durumluk ve süreklı̇ kaygı üzerı̇ne etkı̇lerı̇. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 243-250.
  • Aydın, A., & Tiryaki, S. (2017). Üniversite öğrencilerinin kaygı düzeylerini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeye yönelik bir çalışma (KTÜ örneği). Kastamonu Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(4), 715-72.
  • Aykora, E. (2019). An analysis over physical and physiological parameters of elementary school children taking part in a sport climbing exercise. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(2), 624-628.
  • Backe, S., Ericson, L., Janson, S., & Timpka, T. (2009). Rock climbing ınjury rates and associated risk factors in a general climbing population. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 19(6), 850-856.
  • Balas, J., Strejcova, B., Maly, T., Mala, L., & Martin, A. J. (2009). Changes in upper body strength and body composition after 8 weeks indoor climbing in youth. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 17, 173-179.
  • Balish, S. M., Conacher, D., & Dithurbide, L. (2016). Sport and recreation are associated with happiness across countries. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 87(4), 382-388.
  • Doğan, T., & Çötok, N. A. (2011). Oxford mutluluk ölçeği kısa formunun türkçe uyarlaması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(36), 165-172.
  • Draper, N., Jones, G. A., Fryer, S., Hodgson, C., & Blackwell, G. (2008). Effect of an on-sight lead on the physiological and psychological responses to rock climbing. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 7(4), 492-498.
  • Frey, B. S., & Gullo, A. (2021). The relationship of happiness and sport. H. J. Altman, M. Altman, & B. Torgler In, Behavioural Sports Economics. A Research Companion (s. 289-301). London: Routledge.
  • Gatab, T. A., & Pirhayti, S. (2012). The effect of the selected exercise on male students' happiness and mental health. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 2702 – 2705.
  • Giles, L. V., Rhodes, E. C., & Taunton, J. E. (2006). The Physiology of Rock Climbing. Sports Medicine, 36, 529–545.
  • González, A. D., Fernández, J. V., Ordóñez, B. D., & Morales, B. L. (2017). Sport and happiness. Apunts. Educación Física y Deportes, 130(4), 18-28.
  • Goswami, S., & Sarkar, L. N. (2016). Impact of sport types on happiness of university athletes. Journal of Physical Education Research, 3(3), 91-100.
  • Grant, S., Hynes, V., Whittaker, A., & Aitchison, T. (1996). Anthropometric, strength, endurance and flexibility characteristics of elite and recreational climbers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 14, 301-309.
  • Hajloo, N., & Pezeshki, H. (2013). Compare happiness, psychological tenacity, and sensation seeking among athletes and no athletes. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 1063-1066.
  • Heilmann, F. (2021). Executive functions and domain-specific cognitive skills in climbers. Brain Sciences, 4(11), 449-459.
  • Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2002). The oxford happiness questionnaire: a compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(7), 1073–1082.
  • Ignjatović, M., Stanković, D., & Pavlović, V. (2016). Relations and ınfluences of balance on the result in sports climbing. Physical Education and Sport, 14(2), 237-245.
  • Jones, G., Asghar, A., & Llewellyn, D. J. (2007). The epidemiology of rock-climbing ınjuries. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(9), 773-778.
  • Karasar, N. (2013). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • Lacy, A. C., & Williams, S. M. (2018). Measurement and evaluation in physical education and exercise scien (Eighth Edition b.). Oxon: Routledge.
  • Levin, P. (2020). Anxiety. J. Taylor In, Comprehensive applied sport psychology (s. 238-243). New York: Routledge.
  • Li, L., Ru, A., Liao, T., Zou, S., Niu, X. H., & Wang, Y. T. (2018). Effects of rock climbing exercise on physical fitness among college students: a review article and meta-analysis. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 47(10), 1440-1452.
  • MacKenzie, R., Monaghan, L., Masson, R. A., Werner, A. K., Caprez, T. S., Johnston, L., & Kemi, O. J. (2019). Physical and physiologic determinants of rock climbing. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 15(2), 168-179.
  • Mallari-Cuerdo, M., & Pagaduan, J. C. (2013). Effect of four weeks of ındoor rock climbing on anthropometric measurements, power and strength of female college students. Asia Life Sciences, 22(2), 403-411.
  • Masters-Evans, K. (2022). Flexibility. R. K. Devlin In, Exercise and Physical Activity. From Health Benefits to Fitness Crazes (s. 147-149). Santa Barbara: Greenwood.
  • Mermier, C. M., Janot, J. M., Parker, D. L., & Swan, J. G. (2000). Physiological and anthropometric determinants of sport climbing performance. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(5), 359-366.
  • Minetor, R., & Devlin, R. K. (2022). Balance. R. K. Devlin In, Exercise and Physical Activity. From Health Benefits to Fitness Crazes (s. 24-26). Santa Barbara: Greenwood.
  • Mohammadi, E., Batvandi, Z., & Saberi, A. (2015). Relationship between happiness and different levels of physical activity. Trends in Sport Sciences, 1(22), 47-52.
  • Nichols, T. (2022). Power and Strength. R. K. Devlin In, Exercise and physical activity. from health benefits to fitness crazes (s. 279-280). Santa Barbara: Greenwood.
  • Nieman, D. C. (2011). Exercise Testing and Prescription. A Health-Related Approach (Seventh Edition b.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Öner, N., & Le Compte, W. A. (1985). Durumluk-sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Peters, P. (2001). Orthopedic problems in sport climbing. Wilderness and Environmental Medicine, 12(2), 100-110.
  • Sapmaz, F., & Doğan, T. (2012). Mutluluk ve Yaşam Doyumunun Yordayıcısı Olarak İyimserlik. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(3), 63-69.
  • Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manual for state-trait anxiety ınventory. California: Consulting Psychologist Press.
  • Villavicencio, P., Bravo, C., Ibarz, A., & Solé, S. (2021). Effects of acute psychological and physiological stress on rock climbers. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(21), 5013-5023.
  • Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2019). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (Seventh Edition b.). Champaign: Human Kinetics.
  • Wheatley, K. A. (2021). Exploring the relationship between mindfulness and rock-climbing: A Controlled Study. Current Psychology, 1-13.
  • Woollings, K. Y., McKay, C. D., & Emery, C. A. (2015). Risk factors for ınjury in sport climbing and bouldering: a systematic review of the literature. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(17), 1094-1099.
  • Wright, D. M., Royle, T. J., & Marshall, T. (2001). Indoor rock climbing: who gets ınjured? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(3), 181-185.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mehmet Murat Demirelli 0000-0002-6294-9719

Tuncay Öktem 0000-0003-2770-1774

Early Pub Date July 8, 2023
Publication Date July 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Demirelli MM, Öktem T. Sekiz Haftalık Spor Tırmanışı Eğitiminin Kaygı, Mutluluk ve Çeşitli Motorik Değişkenler Üzerine Etkisi. TOJRAS. 2023;12(3):394-407.