Futbolcularda Kariyer Geçişleri

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 47 - 56, 25.01.2024

Erkut Tutkun İlyas Görgüt

https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1372726

Abstract

Career Transitions of Football Players

Abstract

The aim of this study is to find out the career planning of football players who have ended their active sport life and the problems they encounter in line with these plans. In this study qualitative method was used and as a research design, psychological phenomenology approach, which is one of the phenomenological patterns, was preferred. The sample group of the study consists of 13 retired footballers determined with criterion sampling method.Online interviews were conducted with football players using semi-structured interview technique, lasting an average of 30 minutes. After the participants were informed in line with the principles of interview method, the interviews were recorded. Following this, the expressions of the footballers were written down and descriptive and content analysis method was applied on the texts. As a result of the analyses, it was found that the footballers stated that they preferred to continue their career as coach or to work in jobs other than football. Some of the players stated that they experienced financial, emotional and occupational disadvantages due to problems they encountered, that they had negative life satisfaction and they longed to return to their days as a footballer.

Keywords

Career, football player, planning, sport, transition

References

• Crites JO, Savickas ML. Revision of the career maturity inventory. J Career Assess. 1996;4(2).
• Ustun UD. Participation Motivation in University Students Who Engage in Different Team Sports. World Journal of Education. 2018;8(3).
• Alfermann D, Stambulova N. Career Transitions and Career Termination. In: Handbook of Sport Psychology: Third Edition. 2012.
• Schlossberg NK. A Model for Analyzing Human Adaptation to Transition. Couns Psychol. 1981;9(2).
• Lavallee D, Wylleman P. Career transitions in sport: International perspectives. International Review for the Sociology of Sport ed.) SAGE Publications Ltd.; 2000.
• Coakley SC. A phenomenological exploration of the sport-career transition experiences that affect subjective well-being of former National Football League players (Doctorate Thesis). The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA.; 2005.
• Stambulova N, Stephan Y, Jäphag U. Athletic retirement: A cross-national comparison of elite French and Swedish athletes. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2007;8(1).
• Alfermann D, Stambulova N, Zemaityte A. Reactions to sport career termination: A cross-national comparison of German, Lithuanian, and Russian athletes. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2004;5(1).
• Erpic SC. Athletic identity and adjustment to sport career termination and to post-sport life among Slovenian athletes. In A. Papaioannou, M. Goudas, & Y. Theodorakis (Eds.), In the dawn of the new millennium (pp. 32– 34). Proceedings of tenth world congress of sport psychology, Vol. 4. ; 2001.
• Stambulova NB. Athlete’s crises: A developmental perspective. Vol. 31, International Journal of Sport Psychology. 2000.
• Cosh S, Crabb S, Tully PJ. A champion out of the pool? A discursive exploration of two Australian Olympic swimmers’ transition from elite sport to retirement. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2015;19.
• Wylleman P, Alfermann D, Lavallee D. Career transitions in sport: European perspectives. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2004;5(1).
• Park S, Lavallee D, Tod D. Athletes’ career transition out of sport: A systematic review. Vol. 6, International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2013.
• Stambulova N, Alfermann D, Statler T, Côté J. ISSP position stand: Career development and transitions of athletes. Vol. 7, International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2009.
• Coakley JJ. Leaving competitive sport: Retirement or rebirth? Quest. 1983;35(1).
• Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (9. Genişletilmiş Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık. ; 2013.
• Baş T, Akturan U. Nitel araştırma yöntemleri Nvivo ile nitel veri analizi. Ankara: Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.; 2013.
• Creswell JW, Poth C. Qualitative inquiry & research design : choosing among five approaches / John W. Creswell, University of Michigan, Cheryl N. Poth, University of Alberta. Qualitative inquiry and research design. 2018;
• Creswell JW, Miller DL. Determining validity in qualitative inquiry. Theory Pract. 2000;39(3).
• Şencan H. Sosyal ve davranışsal ölçümlerde güvenirlik ve geçerlilik. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık; 2005.
• Baillie PH f. Understanding Retirement from Sports: Therapeutic Ideas for Helping Athletes in Transition. Couns Psychol. 1993;21(3).
• Shachar B, Brewer BW, Cornelius AE, Petitpas AJ. Career decision- making, athletic identity, and adjustment difficulties among retired athletes: A comparison between coaches and noncoaches. Kinesiologia Slovencia. 2004;10.
• Mizuno M, Hochi Y, Inoue M, Kaneko I, Yamada Y. Construction of the integrated model for practical career support to the professional athletes. In: Work. 2012.
• Torregrosa M, Ramis Y, Pallarés S, Azócar F, Selva C. Olympic athletes back to retirement: A qualitative longitudinal study. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2015;21.
• Webb, Nasco WM, Riley SA, Headrick S, Brian. Athlete identity and reactions to retirement from sports. J Sport Behav. 1998;213(April).
• Curtis J, Ennis R. Negative Consequences of Leaving Competitive Sport? Comparative Findings for Former Elite-Level Hockey Players. Sociol Sport J. 2016;5(2).
• Allison MT, Meyer C. Career Problems and Retirement among Elite Athletes: The Female Tennis Professional. Sociol Sport J. 2016;5(3).
• Taylor J, Ogilvie BC. A conceptual model of adaptation to retirement among athletes. J Appl Sport Psychol. 1994;6(1).
• Butt J, Molnar G. Involuntary career termination in sport: A case study of the process of structurally induced failure. Sport Soc. 2009;12(2).
• Werthner P, Orlick T. Retirement experiences of successful Olympic athletes. Int J Sport Psychol. 1986;17(5).
• Shahnasarian M. Career development after professional football. J Career Dev. 1992;18(4).
• Ball DW. Failure in sport. . Am Sociol Rev. 1976;41(4):726-739.
• Miller L, Buttell FP. Are NCAA Division I Athletes Prepared for End-of-Athletic-Career Transition? A Literature Review. Vol. 15, Journal of Evidence-Informed Social Work. 2018.
• Blinde EM, Greendorfer SL. A Reconceptualization of the Process of Leaving the Role of Competitive Athlete. Int Rev Sociol Sport. 1985;20(1–2).
• Jodai K, Nogawa H. Career transitions of professional athletes. Football Science. 2012;9.
• Horvath HL. NFL professional development: A model for career transition for NFL athletes (Doctorate Thesis). Alliant International University.; 2013.