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Profesyonel Futbolda Teknik Direktörlerin, Takım Kaptanının Liderlik Görev ve Sorumluluklarına İlişkin Algı ve Deneyimleri

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 49 - 61, 31.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1553891

Abstract

Takım kaptanı, takım başarısı ve sportif performans üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Çünkü takım kaptanı, resmi sporcu liderdir. Ayrıca kaptan, teknik direktörün liderliğine katkıda bulunan bir konumdadır. Bu önem çerçevesinde yapılan araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye'de profesyonel erkek futbolda (2022-2023 sezonu, TFF 2. ve 3. lig) takım kaptanının liderlik görev ve sorumluluklarını teknik direktör perspektifinden incelemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik desen kullanılmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla 10 erkek teknik direktörle bireysel görüşme yapılmıştır. Veriler, yorumlayıcı fenomenolojik analiz kullanılarak içerik analizi tekniğiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda teknik direktörlerin takım kaptanına saha içinde görev lideri ve motivasyonel liderlik rolleri, saha dışında ise sosyal ve dış liderlik rolleriyle ilgili görev ve sorumluluklar yüklediği görülmüştür. Antrenör- kaptan ilişkilerinde takım kaptanına; takım ve futbolcu hakkında karşılıklı bilgi alışverişi, temsilci ve iletişim köprüsü, teknik direktör yardımcısı, takımda hiyerarşiyi sağlama ve sürdürme, antrenöre iletmeden sorunları çözme ve örnek oyuncu olma ile ilgili görev ve sorumluluklar atfedildiği belirlenmiştir. Kulüp yönetimi-kaptan ilişkilerinde ise kaptanın takım ve futbolcu adına temsilci ile iletişim köprüsü olarak değerlendirildiği saptanmıştır. Sonuçta futbolda kaptanın sporcu liderliğinin etkililiği için kulüp yöneticilerinin ve antrenörlerin, profesyonelizm ile paylaşılan liderliği dikkate alması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

References

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Perceptions and Experiences of Professional Football Head Coaches Regarding the Leadership Duties and Responsibilities of Team Captain

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 49 - 61, 31.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1553891

Abstract

The team captain significantly influences team success and sporting performance as the official athlete leader. Additionally, the captain contributes to the coach's leadership. This research aims to examine the leadership duties and responsibilities of team captains in professional male football in Turkey (2022-2023 season, TFF 2nd and 3rd leagues) from the head coach's perspective. The study employed a phenomenological design, a qualitative research method. Individual interviews were conducted with 10 male head coaches using a semi-structured interview form. The data were evaluated through interpretative phenomenological analysis using content analysis. The research revealed that coaches attribute task and motivational leadership roles on the field to team captains and social and external leadership roles off the field. In coach-captain relations, captains were assigned duties and responsibilities related to the mutual exchange of information about the team and players, acting as a representative and communication bridge, assisting the head coache, ensuring and maintaining team hierarchy, resolving problems without involving the coach, and serving as exemplary players. In the club management-captain relations, it was found that the captain was considered as a communication bridge with the representative on behalf of the team and the player. In conclusion, club managers and coaches should consider professionalism and shared leadership to enhance the effectiveness of the captain's athlete leadership in football.

References

  • Arastaman, G., Fidan, İ. F., & Fidan, T. (2018). Nitel araştırmada geçerlik ve güvenirlik: Kuramsal bir inceleme. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(1), 37–75. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.23891/efdyyu.2018.61
  • Aydın, U., Özgüler, V., Solmaz DY, Katırcı, H., Demirkaya, S., & ... & Etci, H. (2017). Türkiye’de profesyonel sporcuların çalışma koşulları ve örgütlenme eğilimleri. Çalışma ve Toplum, 55(4), 1873–1912.
  • Backer, M. De, Van Puyenbroeck, S., Fransen, K., Reynders, B., Boen, F., Malisse, F., & Vande Broek, G. (2022). Does fair coach behavior predict the quality of athlete leadership among Belgian volleyball and basketball players: The vital role of team ıdentification and task cohesion. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2021.645764/BIBTEX
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Braun, V., Clarke, V., Hayfield, N., & Terry, G. (2019). Answers to frequently asked questions about thematic analysis. https://cdn.auckland.ac.nz/assets/psych/about/our-research/documents/Answers to frequently asked questions about thematic analysis April 2019.pdf
  • Braun, V., Clarke, V., & Weate, P. (2016). Using thematic analysis in sport and exercise research. Içinde B. Smith & A. C. Sparkes (Ed.), Routledge handbook of qualitative research in sport and exercise (ss. 191–205). Routledge.
  • Brgoch, S., Lower-Hoppe, M. L., Newman, J. T., & Hutton, T. (2020). Exploring team captain roles associated with athlete leadership classifications: Perspectives from collegiate coaches. Journal of Sport Behavior, 43(1), 28–49.
  • Bucci, J., Bloom, G. A., Loughead, T. M., & Caron, J. G. (2012). Ice hockey coaches’ perceptions of athlete leadership. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 24(3), 243–259. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2011.636416
  • Camiré, M. (2016). Benefits, pressures, and challenges of leadership and captaincy in the national hockey league. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 10(2), 118–136. https://doi.org/10.1123/JCSP.2015-0033
  • Carson, F., & Walsh, J. (2018). Every day’s a new day: A captain’s reflection on a losing season. Sports, 6(4), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports6040115
  • Coker, I., Cotterill, S. T., & Griffin, J. (2021). Player perceptions of athlete leadership and leadership development in an English Premier League football academy. Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2(3), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AJSEP.2021.12.001
  • Cotterill, S., & Cheetham, R. (2017). The experience of captaincy in professional sport: The case of elite professional rugby. European Journal of Sport Science, 17(2), 215-221. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2016.1245788
  • Cotterill, S., Cheetham, R., & Fransen, K. (2019). Professional rugby coaches’ perceptions of the role of the team captain. The Sport Psychologist, 33(4), 276–284. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2018-0094
  • Cotterill, S., & Fransen, K. (2016). Athlete leadership in sport teams: current understanding and future directions. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 9(1), 116–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2015.1124443
  • Creswell, J. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five approaches (2. baskı). Sage publications.
  • Creswell, W. (2013). Qualıtatıve ınquıry & research desıgn among five approaches (T. Editors, S. B. Demir, & M. Bütün (Ed.); 6. baskı). SAGE Publications.
  • Crozier, A., Loughead, T., & Munroe-Chandler, K. (2013). Examining the benefits of athlete leaders in sport. Journal of Sport Behavior, 36(4), 346-364.
  • D’Innocenzo, L., Mathieu, J. E., & Kukenberger, M. R. (2016). A meta-analysis of different forms of shared leadership–team performance relations. Journal of Management, 42(7), 1964–1991. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206314525205
  • Devine, J. W. (2021). O Captain! My Captain!: leadership, virtue, and sport. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, 48(1), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/00948705.2020.1848435
  • Dupuis, M., Bloom, G. A., & Loughead, T. M. (2006). Team captains’ perceptions of athlete leadership. Journal of Sport Behavior, 29(1), 60.
  • Esen, S., Or, E., & Uslu, T. (2019). Yıkım mı, yaratıcı yıkım mı? Futbolda teknik direktör değişikliği ile takım performansı arasındaki ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Journal of Health and Sport Sciences, 2(1), 7–15. http://acikerisim.gedik.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11501/367
  • Eys, M. A., Loughead, T. M., & Hardy, J. (2007). Athlete leadership dispersion and satisfaction in interactive sport teams. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2006.04.005
  • FIFPro. (2016). World players union, top finding, working conditions professional football. Içinde FIFPro Global Employment Report. https://footballmap.fifpro.org/assets/2016_FIFPRO_GLOBAL_EMPLOYMENT_REPORT.pdf
  • Fransen, K., Cotterill, S. T., Vande Broek, G., & Boen, F. (2019). Unpicking the emperor’s new clothes: perceived attributes of the captain in sports teams. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2212. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02212
  • Fransen, K., Decroos, S., Broek, G. Vande, & Boen, F. (2016). Leading from the top or leading from within? A comparison between coaches’ and athletes’ leadership as predictors of team identification, team confidence, and team cohesion. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 11(6), 757–771. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954116676102
  • Fransen, K., Haslam, S. A., Steffens, N. K., & Boen, F. (2020). Standing out from the crowd: Identifying the traits and behaviors that characterize high-quality athlete leaders. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 30(4), 766–786. https://doi.org/10.1111/SMS.13620
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There are 63 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Exercise and Sports Psychology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Selman Orhan 0000-0002-1225-5161

Publication Date January 31, 2025
Submission Date September 21, 2024
Acceptance Date January 28, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Orhan S. Profesyonel Futbolda Teknik Direktörlerin, Takım Kaptanının Liderlik Görev ve Sorumluluklarına İlişkin Algı ve Deneyimleri. TOJRAS. 2025;14(1):49-61.