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PEIRCE’ÜN (ARKİTEKTONİK) DÜŞÜNSEL MİMARİSİ VE BİLİMLER TASNİFİ

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 233 - 246, 15.10.2024

Abstract

Bu makalede Peirce’ün düşünsel mimari (arkitektonik) anlayışı ve bilimler sınıflandırmasını ele almak amaçlanmıştır. Kant, değişik alanlara ait düşüncelerini bütünlük içinde bir araya getirmiş, düşünsel veya fikri bir mimari kurmuştur. Kant mimarisini akıl temeli üzerine inşa etmişken, ampirist bir filozof olan Peirce kendi fikri mimarisini deneyim temeli üzerine inşa etmek amacındadır. Peirce’ün mimarisinde tecrübe ve toplumsal fayda merkeze alınır. Peirce’ün bilimler tasnifi XIX. Yüzyıl bilim anlayışından ve bilim tasniflerinden farklı ve özgündür. Hâkim bilim paradigmalarına göre sadece doğa bilimleri bilim olma hüviyetine sahipken, Peirce, edebiyat eleştirisinden, günlüklere kadar tüm beşerî faaliyetleri bilim olarak görür. Peirce’ün geliştirmiş olduğu göstergebilimi teorisinde, insan göstergelerle düşünen bir varlıktır ve insana ait olan tüm faaliyetler bilim olma hakkına sahiptir. Peirce’ün bilimler tasnifinin tepesinde matematik, onun hemen altında felsefe yer alır. Bilimler formel Bilimler, felsefe, metafizik ve özel bilimlerdir. İşleyiş bakımından ise keşif bilimleri, normatif bilimler ve inceleme bilimleridir. Düşünür, bilimleri nesnelerine göre de tasnif etmektedir.

References

  • Kant, I. (1993). Arı Usun Eleştirisi. Çev. Aziz Yardımlı, İstanbul: İdea Yayınları.
  • Kargın, H. H. (2023). Charles Sanders Peirce’ün Pragmatik Felsefesinde Dil, Düşünce ve Anlam İlişkisi. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Lıszka, J.J. (1996). A General Introduction To The Semeotic Of Charles Sanders Peirce. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 5, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 4, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 2, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 6, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum:1, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1955). Philosophical Writing of Peirce. Selected and Edited With an Introduction by Justus Buchler, INC., New York: Dover Publications.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 8, Edited by A. W. Burks. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, ISBN: 978-1-57085-185-8, USA. Peirce, C. S. (1981). Writings of Charles S. Peirce. Volum:1.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1998). The Essential Peirce, Selected Philosophical Writings. (1893-1913) Volum:2, Peirce Ediction Project, 601 North Morton Street, Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
  • Peirce, C. S. (2009). The Essential Peirce, Selected Philosophical Writings. (1867-1893), Volum:1, Edited by Nathan Houserand Christian Kloesel, ISBN: 978-0-253-20721-0, Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 7, Edited by A. W. Burks.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 3, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Türer, C. (2003). Charles Sanders Peirce’ün Pragmatik Felsefesi. İstanbul: Üniversite Kitabevi Yayınları.

PEIRCE’S (ARCHITECTONIC) INTELLECTUAL ARCHITECTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF SCIENCES

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 233 - 246, 15.10.2024

Abstract

This article aims to discuss Peirce’s conception of intellectual architecture (architectonics) and his classification of sciences. Kant brought together his thoughts from different fields in a unity and established an intellectual or intellectual architecture. While Kant built his architecture on the basis of reason, Peirce, an empiricist philosopher, aimed to build his intellectual architecture on the basis of experience. In Peirce’s architecture, experience and social utility are at the center. Peirce’s classification of sciences is different and original from the nineteenth-century understanding and classification of science. According to the dominant scientific paradigms, only the natural sciences are qualified as sciences, whereas Peirce sees all human activities, from literary criticism to diaries, as sciences. In the theory of semiotics developed by Peirce, man is a being who thinks with signs and all human activities have the right to be sciences. At the top of Peirce’s classification of sciences is mathematics, and just below it is philosophy. The sciences are formal sciences, philosophy, metaphysics and special sciences. In terms of functioning, they are exploratory sciences, normative sciences and investigative sciences. The thinker also classifies the sciences according to their objects.

References

  • Kant, I. (1993). Arı Usun Eleştirisi. Çev. Aziz Yardımlı, İstanbul: İdea Yayınları.
  • Kargın, H. H. (2023). Charles Sanders Peirce’ün Pragmatik Felsefesinde Dil, Düşünce ve Anlam İlişkisi. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Lıszka, J.J. (1996). A General Introduction To The Semeotic Of Charles Sanders Peirce. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 5, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 4, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 2, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 6, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum:1, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1955). Philosophical Writing of Peirce. Selected and Edited With an Introduction by Justus Buchler, INC., New York: Dover Publications.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 8, Edited by A. W. Burks. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, ISBN: 978-1-57085-185-8, USA. Peirce, C. S. (1981). Writings of Charles S. Peirce. Volum:1.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1998). The Essential Peirce, Selected Philosophical Writings. (1893-1913) Volum:2, Peirce Ediction Project, 601 North Morton Street, Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
  • Peirce, C. S. (2009). The Essential Peirce, Selected Philosophical Writings. (1867-1893), Volum:1, Edited by Nathan Houserand Christian Kloesel, ISBN: 978-0-253-20721-0, Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 7, Edited by A. W. Burks.
  • Peirce, C. S. (1966). Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Volum: 3, Edited by Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss.
  • Türer, C. (2003). Charles Sanders Peirce’ün Pragmatik Felsefesi. İstanbul: Üniversite Kitabevi Yayınları.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects History of Philosophy (Other)
Journal Section TOBİDER - International Journal of Social Sciences Volume 8 Issue 3
Authors

Hasan Hüseyin Kargın 0000-0002-7085-5261

Early Pub Date December 28, 2024
Publication Date October 15, 2024
Submission Date August 1, 2024
Acceptance Date September 15, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kargın, H. H. (2024). PEIRCE’ÜN (ARKİTEKTONİK) DÜŞÜNSEL MİMARİSİ VE BİLİMLER TASNİFİ. Uluslararası Toplumsal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(3), 233-246.