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Reinventing The Leverage Of Social Investment Via Social Assistance: National Home-Grown School Feeding Program (NHGSFP) And Financial Capacity Building In Nigeria

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 22, 30.06.2025

Abstract

Over the last three decades, globalization, demographic shifts, and technology advancements have led to strained labor markets and increased inequality in high- and upper-middle-income nations worldwide. In order to balance the competing demands of promoting economic innovation and growth and enhancing population welfare, governments have responded to these challenges with a broad range of measures. The concept and practice of social investment gained importance in the repertoire of policy solutions in this situation. Social investment aims to advance the social inclusion of marginalized people and groups, primarily via long-term human capital development and labor market participation. The study aims to assess the impact of the National Home-Grown School Feeding Program (NHGSFP), as a social investment program, on financial capacity building in Nigeria. The Endogenous Growth Theory was used as the theoretical basis of the study. The study used a mixed methodology comprising of both survey and documentary research designs. Findings of the study established that the NHGSFP has not significantly impacted on the financial capacity of targeted groups like farmers, food vendors and distributors in the value chain, due to factors such as poor multisectoral collaboration, lethargic political commitment, low investment, absence of a holistic approach in implementation, and insufficient Monitoring and Evaluation. The study recommended a comprehensive policy review of the program and the implementation of a balanced multistakeholder approach, as strategies to restructure the program for improved functionality and enhanced financial capacity building.

References

  • Adelman, S., Gilligan, D., & Lehrer, K. (2008). How effective are food for education programs: A critical assessment of the evidence from developing countries. International Food Policy Research Institute.
  • Aliyar, R., Gelli, A. & Hamdani, S. H. (2015). A review of nutritional guidelines and menu compositions for school feeding programs in 12 countries. Frontiers in Public Health, 3, 148, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2015.00148
  • Barnabas, B., Agyemang, S. A., Zhllima, E. & Bavorova, M. (2023). Impact of Homegrown School Feeding Program on smallholders’ farmers household food security in Northeastern Nigeria. Foods, 12, 2408, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12122408
  • Bonoli, G. (2005). The politics of the new social policies. Providing coverage against new social risks in mature welfare states. Policy and Politics, 33(3), 431-449. https://doi.org/10.1332/0305573054325765
  • Bundy, D., Burbano C., Grosh M, E., Gelli, A., Juke, M. & Drake, L. (2009). Rethinking school feeding: Social safety nets, child development, and the education sector. The World Bank. Retrieved from https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/729391468337238972/rethinking-school-feeding-social-safety-nets-child-development-and-the-education-sector
  • Burgess, J. C. & Barbier, E. B. (2001). Sustainable development. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioural Sciences (pp. 15329-15335). Pergamon.
  • Choi, Y. J., Huber, E., Kim, W. S., Kwon, H. Y. & Shi, S. (2020). Social investment in the knowledge-based economy: New politics and policies. Policy and Society, 39(2), 147-170. https://doi.org/10.1080/14494035.2020.1782577
  • Desalegn, T. A., Gebremedhin, S. & Stoecker, B. J. (2022). Successes and challenges of the home-grown school feeding program in Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia: A qualitative study. Journal of Nutritional Science, 11(e87), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2022.77
  • Drake, L., Fernandes, M., Aurino, E., Kiamba, J., Giyose, B., Burbano, C., Alderman, H., Mai, A., Mitchell, A., Gelli, A., Bundy, D. A. P., de Silva, N., Horton, S., Jamison, D. T. & Patton, G. C. (2017). Schoolfeeding programs in middle childhood and adolescence. In D. A. P. Bundy, N. D. Silva, S. Horton, D. T. Jamison & G. C. Patton (Eds.), Child and Adolescent Health and Development (3rd edition). The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank.
  • Esping-Andersen, G. (1999). Social foundations of post-industrial economies. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198742002.001.0001
  • Esping-Andersen, G. (2002). A child-centred social investment strategy. In G. Esping-Andersen, G. Duncan, A. Hemerijck, & J. Myles (Eds.), Why we need a new welfare state (pp. 26–67). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0199256438.003.0002
  • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) & World Food Program (WFP) (2018). Home-Grown School Feeding Resource Framework Synopsis. WFP. Retrieved from https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000009565/download/.
  • FAO (2019). Nutrition guidelines and standards for school meals: A report from 33 low and middle-income countries. Food and Agriculture Organization. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/fsnforum/resources/reports-and-briefs/nutrition-guidelines-and-standards-school-meals-report-33-low-and
  • Gibson, S. (2022). Understanding the decisional capacities of older adults. In G. J. G. Asmundson (Ed.), Comprehensive Clinical Psychology (2nd Edition) (pp. 114-128). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818697-8.00095-9
  • Giddens, A. (1998). The third way: The renewal of social democracy. Polity Press.
  • Glenn, I. D. 1992. Sampling the evidence of extension program impact. Program Evaluation and Organizational Development, IFAS, University of Florida.
  • Glenn, I. D. (2009). Determining sample size. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS).
  • Hacker, J. S. (2011). The institutional foundations of middle-class democracy. Policy Network, 3, 33-37. Handayani, S. W. & Burkley, C. (2010). Workshop highlights and executive summary. In S. W. Handayani & C. Burkley (Eds.), Social assistance and conditional cash transfers: Proceedings of the regional workshop (pp. 19-32). Asian Development Bank (ADB).
  • Hausermann, S., Garritzmann, J. L. & Palier, B. (2022). The politics of social investment: A global theoretical framework. In J. L. Garritzmann, S. Hausermann & B. Palier (Eds.), The world politics of social investment, Volume I (pp. 59-105). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197585245.003.0002 Hemerijck, A. (2013). Changing welfare states. Oxford University Press.
  • Huber, E., & Stephens, J. D. (2015). Predistribution and redistribution: Alternative or complementary policies? In C. Chwalisz & P. Diamond (Eds.), The predistribution agenda: Tackling inequality and supporting sustainable growth (pp. 67-78). I.B.Tauris.
  • Jenson, J. (2010). Diffusing ideas for after neoliberalism: The social investment perspective in Europe and Latin America. Global Social Policy, 10(1), 59-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468018109354813
  • Jenson, J., & Saint-Martin, D. (2003). New routes to social cohesion? Citizenship and the social investment state. The Canadian Journal of Sociology, 28(1), 77-99. https://doi.org/10.2307/3341876
  • Liberto, D. (2023). Endogenous growth theory: Definition, history and criticism. Retrieved from www.investopedia.com/terms/e/endogenousgrowththeory.asp
  • Marson, D. C., Kerr, D. L. & McLaren, D. G. (2021). Financial decision-making and capacity in older adults. In K. W. Schaie & S. L. Willis (Eds.), Handbook of the Psychology of Aging (8th Edition) (pp. 361-388). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816094-7.00020-9
  • Masset, E. & Gelli, A. (2013). Improving community development by linking agriculture, nutrition and education: Design of a randomized trial of “home-grown” school feeding in Mali. Trials, 14, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-55
  • Midgley, J. (1995). Social development: The developmental perspective in social welfare. Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446221839
  • Midgley, J. (1999). Growth, redistribution and welfare: Toward social investment. Social Service Review, 73(1), 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1086/515795
  • Midgley, J., & Tang, K-L. (2001). Introduction: Social policy, economic growth and developmental welfare. International Journal of Social Welfare, 10(4), 244-252. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2397.00180
  • Morel, N., Palier, B., & Palme, J. (2012). Towards a social investment welfare state? Ideas, policies and challenges. Policy Press. https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781847429247.001.0001
  • Nolan, B. (2017). Social investment: The thin line between evidence-based research and political advocacy. In A. Hemerijck (Ed.), The uses of social investment (pp. 43-50). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790488.003.0002
  • Norton, A., Conway, T. & Foster, M. (2001). Social protection concepts and approaches: Implications for policy and practice in international development. Overseas Development Institute.
  • PCD (2013). Operational guidance on menu planning. Partnership for Child Development http://hgsf-global.org
  • Peng, I. (2011a). Social investment policies in Canada, Australia, Japan and South Korea. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 5(1), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/2288-6729-5-1-41
  • Peng, I. (2011b). The good, the bad, and the confusing: The political economy of social care expansion in South Korea. Development and Change, 42(4), 905-923. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2011.01724.x
  • Perkins, D., Nelms, L., & Smyth, P. (2004). Beyond neoliberalism: The social investment state? Social Policy Working Paper No. 3. Brotherhood of St-Laurence and the Centre for Public Policy.
  • Ramirez, S. A. (2006). Endogenous growth theory, status quo efficiency and globalization. Berkeley La Raza Law Journal, 17(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38CM12
  • Sumberg, J. & Sabates-Wheeler, R. (2011) Linking agricultural development to school feeding in sub-Saharan Africa: Theoretical perspectives. Food Policy, 36, 341-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2011.03.001
  • Wang, D. & Fawzi, W. W. (2020). Impacts of school feeding on educational and health outcomes of school -age children and adolescents in low and middle-income countries: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews, 9(55), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01317-6
  • WFP (2020). State of School Feeding Worldwide. World Food Program.
  • WFP (2013a). State of school feeding worldwide. World Food Program.
  • WFP (2013b). Revised School Feeding Policy: Promoting Innovation to achieve national ownership. World Food Program. .

Reinventing The Leverage Of Social Investment Via Social Assistance: National Home-Grown School Feeding Program (NHGSFP) And Financial Capacity Building In Nigeria

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 22, 30.06.2025

Abstract

Over the last three decades, globalization, demographic shifts, and technology advancements have led to strained labor markets and increased inequality in high- and upper-middle-income nations worldwide. In order to balance the competing demands of promoting economic innovation and growth and enhancing population welfare, governments have responded to these challenges with a broad range of measures. The concept and practice of social investment gained importance in the repertoire of policy solutions in this situation. Social investment aims to advance the social inclusion of marginalized people and groups, primarily via long-term human capital development and labor market participation. The study aims to assess the impact of the National Home-Grown School Feeding Program (NHGSFP), as a social investment program, on financial capacity building in Nigeria. The Endogenous Growth Theory was used as the theoretical basis of the study. The study used a mixed methodology comprising of both survey and documentary research designs. Findings of the study established that the NHGSFP has not significantly impacted on the financial capacity of targeted groups like farmers, food vendors and distributors in the value chain, due to factors such as poor multisectoral collaboration, lethargic political commitment, low investment, absence of a holistic approach in implementation, and insufficient Monitoring and Evaluation. The study recommended a comprehensive policy review of the program and the implementation of a balanced multistakeholder approach, as strategies to restructure the program for improved functionality and enhanced financial capacity building.

Ethical Statement

The manuscripts satisfies all ethical standards.

Supporting Institution

No external financial support

References

  • Adelman, S., Gilligan, D., & Lehrer, K. (2008). How effective are food for education programs: A critical assessment of the evidence from developing countries. International Food Policy Research Institute.
  • Aliyar, R., Gelli, A. & Hamdani, S. H. (2015). A review of nutritional guidelines and menu compositions for school feeding programs in 12 countries. Frontiers in Public Health, 3, 148, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2015.00148
  • Barnabas, B., Agyemang, S. A., Zhllima, E. & Bavorova, M. (2023). Impact of Homegrown School Feeding Program on smallholders’ farmers household food security in Northeastern Nigeria. Foods, 12, 2408, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12122408
  • Bonoli, G. (2005). The politics of the new social policies. Providing coverage against new social risks in mature welfare states. Policy and Politics, 33(3), 431-449. https://doi.org/10.1332/0305573054325765
  • Bundy, D., Burbano C., Grosh M, E., Gelli, A., Juke, M. & Drake, L. (2009). Rethinking school feeding: Social safety nets, child development, and the education sector. The World Bank. Retrieved from https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/729391468337238972/rethinking-school-feeding-social-safety-nets-child-development-and-the-education-sector
  • Burgess, J. C. & Barbier, E. B. (2001). Sustainable development. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioural Sciences (pp. 15329-15335). Pergamon.
  • Choi, Y. J., Huber, E., Kim, W. S., Kwon, H. Y. & Shi, S. (2020). Social investment in the knowledge-based economy: New politics and policies. Policy and Society, 39(2), 147-170. https://doi.org/10.1080/14494035.2020.1782577
  • Desalegn, T. A., Gebremedhin, S. & Stoecker, B. J. (2022). Successes and challenges of the home-grown school feeding program in Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia: A qualitative study. Journal of Nutritional Science, 11(e87), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2022.77
  • Drake, L., Fernandes, M., Aurino, E., Kiamba, J., Giyose, B., Burbano, C., Alderman, H., Mai, A., Mitchell, A., Gelli, A., Bundy, D. A. P., de Silva, N., Horton, S., Jamison, D. T. & Patton, G. C. (2017). Schoolfeeding programs in middle childhood and adolescence. In D. A. P. Bundy, N. D. Silva, S. Horton, D. T. Jamison & G. C. Patton (Eds.), Child and Adolescent Health and Development (3rd edition). The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank.
  • Esping-Andersen, G. (1999). Social foundations of post-industrial economies. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198742002.001.0001
  • Esping-Andersen, G. (2002). A child-centred social investment strategy. In G. Esping-Andersen, G. Duncan, A. Hemerijck, & J. Myles (Eds.), Why we need a new welfare state (pp. 26–67). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0199256438.003.0002
  • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) & World Food Program (WFP) (2018). Home-Grown School Feeding Resource Framework Synopsis. WFP. Retrieved from https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000009565/download/.
  • FAO (2019). Nutrition guidelines and standards for school meals: A report from 33 low and middle-income countries. Food and Agriculture Organization. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/fsnforum/resources/reports-and-briefs/nutrition-guidelines-and-standards-school-meals-report-33-low-and
  • Gibson, S. (2022). Understanding the decisional capacities of older adults. In G. J. G. Asmundson (Ed.), Comprehensive Clinical Psychology (2nd Edition) (pp. 114-128). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818697-8.00095-9
  • Giddens, A. (1998). The third way: The renewal of social democracy. Polity Press.
  • Glenn, I. D. 1992. Sampling the evidence of extension program impact. Program Evaluation and Organizational Development, IFAS, University of Florida.
  • Glenn, I. D. (2009). Determining sample size. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS).
  • Hacker, J. S. (2011). The institutional foundations of middle-class democracy. Policy Network, 3, 33-37. Handayani, S. W. & Burkley, C. (2010). Workshop highlights and executive summary. In S. W. Handayani & C. Burkley (Eds.), Social assistance and conditional cash transfers: Proceedings of the regional workshop (pp. 19-32). Asian Development Bank (ADB).
  • Hausermann, S., Garritzmann, J. L. & Palier, B. (2022). The politics of social investment: A global theoretical framework. In J. L. Garritzmann, S. Hausermann & B. Palier (Eds.), The world politics of social investment, Volume I (pp. 59-105). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197585245.003.0002 Hemerijck, A. (2013). Changing welfare states. Oxford University Press.
  • Huber, E., & Stephens, J. D. (2015). Predistribution and redistribution: Alternative or complementary policies? In C. Chwalisz & P. Diamond (Eds.), The predistribution agenda: Tackling inequality and supporting sustainable growth (pp. 67-78). I.B.Tauris.
  • Jenson, J. (2010). Diffusing ideas for after neoliberalism: The social investment perspective in Europe and Latin America. Global Social Policy, 10(1), 59-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468018109354813
  • Jenson, J., & Saint-Martin, D. (2003). New routes to social cohesion? Citizenship and the social investment state. The Canadian Journal of Sociology, 28(1), 77-99. https://doi.org/10.2307/3341876
  • Liberto, D. (2023). Endogenous growth theory: Definition, history and criticism. Retrieved from www.investopedia.com/terms/e/endogenousgrowththeory.asp
  • Marson, D. C., Kerr, D. L. & McLaren, D. G. (2021). Financial decision-making and capacity in older adults. In K. W. Schaie & S. L. Willis (Eds.), Handbook of the Psychology of Aging (8th Edition) (pp. 361-388). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816094-7.00020-9
  • Masset, E. & Gelli, A. (2013). Improving community development by linking agriculture, nutrition and education: Design of a randomized trial of “home-grown” school feeding in Mali. Trials, 14, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-14-55
  • Midgley, J. (1995). Social development: The developmental perspective in social welfare. Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446221839
  • Midgley, J. (1999). Growth, redistribution and welfare: Toward social investment. Social Service Review, 73(1), 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1086/515795
  • Midgley, J., & Tang, K-L. (2001). Introduction: Social policy, economic growth and developmental welfare. International Journal of Social Welfare, 10(4), 244-252. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2397.00180
  • Morel, N., Palier, B., & Palme, J. (2012). Towards a social investment welfare state? Ideas, policies and challenges. Policy Press. https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781847429247.001.0001
  • Nolan, B. (2017). Social investment: The thin line between evidence-based research and political advocacy. In A. Hemerijck (Ed.), The uses of social investment (pp. 43-50). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790488.003.0002
  • Norton, A., Conway, T. & Foster, M. (2001). Social protection concepts and approaches: Implications for policy and practice in international development. Overseas Development Institute.
  • PCD (2013). Operational guidance on menu planning. Partnership for Child Development http://hgsf-global.org
  • Peng, I. (2011a). Social investment policies in Canada, Australia, Japan and South Korea. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 5(1), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/2288-6729-5-1-41
  • Peng, I. (2011b). The good, the bad, and the confusing: The political economy of social care expansion in South Korea. Development and Change, 42(4), 905-923. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2011.01724.x
  • Perkins, D., Nelms, L., & Smyth, P. (2004). Beyond neoliberalism: The social investment state? Social Policy Working Paper No. 3. Brotherhood of St-Laurence and the Centre for Public Policy.
  • Ramirez, S. A. (2006). Endogenous growth theory, status quo efficiency and globalization. Berkeley La Raza Law Journal, 17(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38CM12
  • Sumberg, J. & Sabates-Wheeler, R. (2011) Linking agricultural development to school feeding in sub-Saharan Africa: Theoretical perspectives. Food Policy, 36, 341-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2011.03.001
  • Wang, D. & Fawzi, W. W. (2020). Impacts of school feeding on educational and health outcomes of school -age children and adolescents in low and middle-income countries: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews, 9(55), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01317-6
  • WFP (2020). State of School Feeding Worldwide. World Food Program.
  • WFP (2013a). State of school feeding worldwide. World Food Program.
  • WFP (2013b). Revised School Feeding Policy: Promoting Innovation to achieve national ownership. World Food Program. .
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Public Administration, Policy and Administration (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Andrew Chenge 0009-0002-5568-1694

Submission Date December 21, 2024
Acceptance Date May 24, 2025
Early Pub Date June 28, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Chenge, A. (2025). Reinventing The Leverage Of Social Investment Via Social Assistance: National Home-Grown School Feeding Program (NHGSFP) And Financial Capacity Building In Nigeria. Toplumsal Politika Dergisi, 6(1), 1-22.