Думская монархия Православная Российская Церковь Святейший Синод Основные законы Государственная дума П. А. Столыпин
This paper deals with the attempts of the
spiritual and secular authorities in Russia to resolve the discrepancies in
relations between the State and the Orthodox Church in 1906–1917. The author
examines such aspects as the characteristics of church and government reform
projects of these relations, law collisions related to the implementation of
article 65 of the Basic Laws of the Russian Empire in 1906 (on a special
procedure for church administration and legislation). It also pays attention to
factors that complicated the situation of the Orthodox Church during the Duma
monarchy, contributed to the failure of the reform of state-church relations.
The main contribution of the research composed in a comprehensive analysis of
the conflict of principles and approaches proposed
by the spiritual and secular authorities to resolve discrepancies. In this
period this caused such the phenomenon as “law zugzwang” — the legislative
proposals on solving this problem only strengthen the crisis of the monarchist
state. The project on the attitude of the Orthodox Russian Church to the
State Power was developed in the Pre-Council Institution. It was based on the
traditions of national state law and the canonical norms of the Orthodox
Church. However, the Church Council was postponed. The project itself required amendments to the Basic Laws
and remained unrealized. The government of P. A. Stolypin proposed
another way of transformation. It consisted in the reforming of religious
legislation, which was closely connected with state-church relations. At the
same time, the government ignored the point of view of the Holy Synod. The
project of the Ministry of the Interior, according to the church community,
also offend the rights of the Orthodox Church under the Basic Laws. So, Stolypin’s
reform stalled. The Relations between the state and the Church continued to be
under Article 65 of the Basic Laws. But the special procedure for its action
was not cleared. Therefore, not only religious, but also church legislation has
become the subject of consideration in the State Duma. The discrepancies in
State-Church relations have become the part of public policy. It also
influenced the ability of the spiritual and secular authorities to avoid a
break in February 1917. The paper gives valuable information about the law status of the Orthodox Church, the
characteristics of the internal political development of Russia and the
background of the shocks that the country experienced.
Duma monarşisi Rusya Ortodoks Kilisesi Kutsal Sinod Temel Kanunlar Devlet Duması P.S. Stolıpin
Primary Language | Russian |
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Journal Section | Research Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | September 17, 2019 |
Published in Issue | Year 2019 Issue: 1 |
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