SLOVAKYA’NIN ÇEŞİTLİ LOKALİTELERİNDEKİ CEVİZ AĞAÇLARINDAKİ (JUGLANS REGİA L.) MİKROPARAZİTİK FUNGUSLAR VE YAYILMALARI

Year 2005, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 19 - 27, 05.08.2016

Gabriela Juhásová Helena Ivanová Jozef Spıšák

Abstract

2000-2003 yıllar arasında Slovakyada 43 lokalitenin kentsel kısımlarında bulunan ceviz ağaçlarının (Juglans regia L.) sağlık koşulları, ağaçların bulundukları yerler ile parazitik mikrofungusların bulunuşları, yayılmaları ve zararlarının belirlenmesi ile ilgili olarak,değerlendirilmiştir. Ağaçlarda tespit edilen patojenler şunlardır: gövdelerde; Melanconium juglandinum Kunze, Cytospora juglandina Sacc., Gibberella baccata (Wallr.) Sacc., Phoma juglandis (Preuss.) Sacc., konidiyal durumdaki Tubercularia vulgaris Tode ile birlikte Nectria cinnobarina (Tode ex Fr.) Fr., dallarda; Melanconium juglandinum (Kunze), Cytospora juglandina Sacc., Gibberella baccata (Wallr.) Sacc., Phoma juglandis (Preuss.) Sacc., konidiyal durumdaki Tubercularia vulgaris Tode ile birlikte Nectria cinnobarina (Tode ex Fr.) Fr., Diplodina juglandina Hollós, Dothiorella gregaria Sacc., yapraklarda: Gnomonia leptostyla (Fr.) Ces. et de Not. Ve anamorf Marssonina juglandis (Lieb.) Magn., Ascochyta juglandis Boltsh., Microstroma juglandis (Bér.) Sacc., Mycosphaerella juglandis K. J. Kessler, anamorf Cylindrosporium juglandis F. A. Wolf, Cryptosporium nigrum Bon. ve meyvelerde: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz & Sacc. teleomorf Glomerella cingulata Stoneman (Spauld. & H. Schrenk) ve Septoria epicarpii Thüm. Belirli lokalitelerde Marssonina juglandis tarafından yapraklara verilen tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Gnomonia leptostyla, sağlık koşulu, Juglans regia, parazitik fungus zararları

OCCURRENCE AND SPREAD OF THE PARASITIC MICROSCOPIC FUNGI ON WALNUT (JUGLANS REGIA L.) ON VARIOUS LOCALITIES OF SLOVAKIA

Abstract

During 2000-2003 the health condition of Juglans regia L. in the urban environment of the 43 localities of Slovakia was evaluated in relation to the location of the trees and the assessment of occurrence, spread and harmfulness of parasitic fungi. We detected on stem the following pathogens: Melanconium juglandinum Kunze, Cytospora juglandina Sacc., Gibberella baccata (Wallr.) Sacc., Phoma juglandis (Preuss.) Sacc., Nectria cinnobarina (Tode ex Fr.) Fr. with conidial state Tubercularia vulgaris Tode. On branches: Melanconium juglandinum (Kunze), Cytospora juglandina Sacc., Gibberella baccata (Wallr.) Sacc., Phoma juglandis (Preuss.) Sacc., Nectria cinnobarina (Tode ex Fr.) Fr. with conidial state Tubercularia vulgaris Tode, Diplodina juglandina Hollós, Dothiorella gregaria Sacc. On leaves: Gnomonia leptostyla (Fr.) Ces. et de Not. and anamorph Marssonina juglandis (Lieb.) Magn., Ascochyta juglandis Boltsh., Microstroma juglandis (Bér.) Sacc., Mycosphaerella juglandis K. J. Kessler, anamorph Cylindrosporium juglandis F. A. Wolf, Cryptosporium nigrum Bon. and on fruits: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz & Sacc. teleomorph Glomerella cingulata Stoneman (Spauld. & H. Schrenk) and Septoria epicarpii Thüm. The degree of leaf damage was determined by Marssonina juglandis to Juglans regia on selected localities.

Keywords

Gnomonia leptostyla, health condition, Juglans regia, harmfulness of parasitic fungi

References

• BARRY FH. Diseases. In: Black walnut as a crop. pp. 88-90. North Central Forest Experiment Station, St. Paul, MN. (USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tech. Rept. NC-4), 1964.
• BERGOUGNOUX F., GROSPIERRE P. Le noyer. 187 pp. INVUFLEG (Institut national de la vulgarisation pour len fruits, légumes et champignons), Paris, 1975.
• BÁNHEGYI J., TÓTH S., UBRIZSY G., VÖRÖS J. Magyarország mikroszkópikus gombáinak határozókönyve I., II. (Code of determination of microscopical fungi occuring on Hungary I., II.). 1152 pp. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1985.
• BOSE SK. Studies on Marssonina Sacc. and related genera. Phytopathol 41: 151-213, 1961.
• BRANDENBURGER W. Parasitische Pilze an Gefässpflanzen in Europa. 1248 pp. Gustav Fischer Verlag Stuttgart, New York,1985.
• ČAČA Z. Zemědelská fytopatologie. (Agricultural phytopathology). 336 pp. Státní zemědelské nakladatelství Praha, 1981.
• HLADÍK F. Meruňky, broskve, mandle, ořechy vlažské a lískové. (Apricot, peach, almond, walnut and hazelnut). 320 pp. SZN ve spoluprací s Československým ovocinářským a záhradkářským svazem v Prahe, 1966.
• JUHÁSOVÁ G. Rezuľtaty izučenija mikoflory gorodskych nasaždenij. Bjuletin glavnogo botaničeskogo sada RAN. (Results of mycoflora knowledge of the urban conditions). 64-71. Nauka, Moskva, 1993.
• MICHALÍKOVÁ A. Ochrana rastlín. (Plant protection). 217 pp. Vyd. Príroda. Bratislava, 1988.
• NAGY B, KOCH E. A gyümölcstermö növényeink kártevöi és betegségei. (Disease and pests of fruit trees). 583 pp. Mezögazdasági Kiadó, Budapest, 1965.
• PAULECHOVÁ K. Výskyt krşžkovitosti listov orecha kráľovského. (Occurence of ringspot on the walnut leaves). Zahradníctvo. 13:209-210, 1988.
• PEIKER J. Ochrana rostlin v zahradnictví. (Plant protection in orchards). Státní zemědelské nakladatelství Praha, 296 pp. 1964.
• PŘÍHODA A. Lesnická fytopatologie. (Forest phytopathology). 363 pp. Praha, SZN, 1959.
• RADÓCZ L.A. héjasok növényvédelme. (Protection of nut crops). 256 pp. Szaktudás Kiadó Ház, Budapest, 2002.
• TOWSEND GR, HEUBERGER JW. Methods for estimating losses caused by diseases in fungicide experiments. Plant disease report, 27:340-343, 1943.
• UBRIZSY G. Növénykórtan 1. (Plant pathology). 1052 pp. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1952.
• UBRIZSY G, VÖRÖS J. Mezögazdasági mikológia. (Agricultural mycology). 1132 pp. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1968.
• ZÁCHEJ Š. Orech, pestovanie a použitie. (Walnut, cultivation and use). 137 pp. Príroda Bratislava. 1977.
• http://www.shmu.sk/cms/mak/s4/klimat.zhodnotenie.roka.2001.html