Effects of Humic Acid on Liver and Kidney Toxicity Induced by Cadmium in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta fario, L)

Year 2013, , - , 01.08.2013

Ahmet Topal Gonca Alak Muhammed Atamanalp Ertan Oruç Saltuk Buğrahan Ceyhun Arzu Uçar Harun Arslan Fikret Çelebi Yavuz Selim Sağlam

https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_07

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the histopathological and biochemical effects of humic acid on cadmium stress in liver and kidney tissues of Salmo trutta fario, L. The fish were treated in four groups as follows and were exposed to chemicals for 7 days: control (C), cadmium (2 ppm) (Cd), humic acid (5 ppm) (HA) and humic acid + cadmium (Cd + HA). At the end of the experimental period, liver and kidney samples were taken from all fish for histopathological examination and determination of antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Activity of GPx and SOD in the tissues of fish exposed to the stress of Cd was significantly lower than the control groups (P<0.05). MDA level increased (P<0.05) in cadmium exposed groups, whereas fish receiving cadmium with humic acid returned to normal MDA levels in the liver. The cadmium-induced histopathological alterations were also decreased with humic acid. These results suggest that humic acid may mediate cadmium toxicity.

Keywords

Heavy metal, antioxidant, histopathology, Salmo trutta fario, humic acid.

Effects of Humic Acid on Liver and Kidney Toxicity Induced by Cadmium in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta fario, L)

Abstract

Bu çalışma kahverengi alabalığın karaciğer ve böbrek dokularında, kadmiyum stresi üzerine humik asitin histopatolojik ve biyokimyasal etkilerini tespit etmek amacıyla yapıldı. Balıklar aşağıdaki gibi dört gruba ayrıldı ve yedi gün kimyasallara maruz bırakıldı: kontrol (C), kadmiyum (2 ppm) (Cd), humik asit (5 ppm) (HA) ve humik asit + kadmiyum (Cd+HA). Deneysel periyodun sonunda, bütün balıklardan histopatolojik inceleme ve antioksidan enzim tespiti (glutatyon peroksidaz, süperoksit dismutaz) ve malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyleri için karaciğer ve böbrek örnekleri alındı. Kadmiyum stresine maruz kalan balıkların dokularında GPx ve SOD aktiviteleri kontrol grubundan daha düşüktü (P<0.05). Kadmiyuma maruz kalan gruplarda MDA düzeyleri arttı fakat humik asitle kadmiyum alan balıkların karaciğerinde MDA düzeyleri normale döndü (P<0.05). Ayrıca kadmiyum ile indüklenmiş histopatolojik değişiklikler humik asitle azaldı. Bu sonuçlar, humik asitin kadmiyum toksisitesini önleyebileceğini destekliyor.

Keywords

Ağır metal, antioksidan, histopatoloji, Salmo trutta fario, humik asit.

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