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Use of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli)

Year 2013, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, - , 01.08.2013
https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_15

Abstract

This research was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of distillers dried grain (DDG) level on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and antioxidant enzyme activity of juvenile black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli). Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated that contain 0 (control), 6%, 12%, 18% and 24% DDG designated as DDG0, DDG6, DDG12, DDG18 and DDG24, respectively. Three replicate groups of fish averaging 1.2 ± 0.01 g were fed with one of the experimental diets for visual satiety three times a day for 8 weeks. Weight gain was not affected by dietary DDG level (P>0.05). Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed with DDG24 diet were lower than those of fish fed DDG0 diet (P<0.05). Proximate and amino acid composition of whole body were not affected by dietary DDG level. The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the liver were not affected by dietary DDG level (P>0.05). The experiment suggested that DDG is a good ingredient to replace plant origin such as wheat flour and gluten meal and could be used up to 24% for the optimum growth performance of juvenile black seabream.

References

  • AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), 1995. Official Methods of Analysis of Official Analytical Chemists International 16 th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
  • Ashida, T., Okimasu, E. and Amemura, A. 2002. Effects of a fermented vegetable product on hemolysis and lipid peroxidation of Japanese flounder erythrocytes. Fisheries Science, 68:1324–1329.
  • Azarm, H.M. and Lee, S.-M. 2012. Effects of partial substitution of dietary fish meal by fermented soybean meal on growth performance, amino acid and biochemical parameters of juvenile black sea bream
  • Acanthopagrus schlegeli. Aquaculture Research, doi: 1111/are.12040.
  • Barnes, M.E., Brown, M.L. and Rosentrater, K.A. 2012. Initial observations on the inclusion of high protein distillers dried grain into rainbow trout diets. The Open Fish Science Journal, 5:21–29.
  • Belyea, R.L., Rausch, K.D. and Tumbleson, M.E. 2004. Composition of corn and distillers dried grains with solubles from dry grind ethanol processing. Bioresource Technology, 94:293–298.
  • Borgeson, T.L., Racz, V.J., Wilkie, D.C., White, L.J. and Drew, M.D. 2006. Effect of replacing fishmeal and oil with simple or complex mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture Nutrition, 12:141–149.
  • Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72:248–254.
  • Cheng, Z.J. and Hardy, R.W. 2004a. Nutritional value of diets containing distiller’s dried grain with solubles for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 15:101–113.
  • Cheng, Z.J. and Hardy, R.W. 2004b. Effects of microbial phytase supplementation in corn distiller’s dried grain with solubles on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 15:83–100.
  • Chevanan, N., Rosentrater, K.A. and Muthukumarappan, K. 20 Effects of processing conditions on single screw extrusion of feed ingredients containing DDGS. Food Bioprocess Technology, 3:111–120. Coyle, S.D., Mengel, G.J., Tidwell, J.H. and Webster, C.D. 200 Evaluation of growth, feed utilization, and economics of hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus × Oreochromis aureus, fed diets containing different protein sources in combination with distillers dried grains with solubles. Aquaculture Research, 35:365– 3 Cromwell, G.L., Herkelman, K.L. and Stahly, T.S. 1993. Physical, chemical and nutritional characteristics of distillers dried grains with solubles for chicks and pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 71:679–686.
  • Cruz-Suarez, L.E., Ricque-Marie, D., Tapia-Salazar, M., McCallum, I.M. and Hickling, D. 2001. Assessment of differently processed feed pea (Pisum sativum) meals and canola meal (Brassica sp.) in diets for blue shrimp (Litopenaues stylirostris). Aquaculture, 196:87–104.
  • Duncan, D.B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F-tests. Biometrics, 11:1–42.
  • El-Saidy, D.M.S.D. and Gaber, M.M.A. 2003. Replacement of fish meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) diets. Aquaculture Research, 34:1119–1127.
  • Guo, J., Wang, Y. and Bureau, D.P. 2007. Inclusion of rendered animal ingredients as fishmeal substitutes in practical diets for cuneate drum, Nibea miichthioides (Chu, Lo et Wu). Aquaculture Nutrition, 13:81–87.
  • Kader, M.A., Koshio, S., Ishikawa, M., Yokoyama, S., Bulbul, M., Nguyen, B.T., Goa, J. and Laining, A. 20 Can fermented soybean meal and squid byproduct blend be used as fishmeal replacements for Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)? Aquaculture Research, 43:1427–1438.
  • Kiers, J.L., Van Laeken, A.E.A., Rombouts, F.M. and Nout, M.J.R. 2000. In vitro digestibility of bacillus fermented soy bean. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 60:163–169.
  • Kim, S.-S., Pham, M.A., Kim, K.-W., Son, M.-H. and Lee, K.-J. 2010. Effects of microbial fermentation of soybean on growth performances, phosphorus availability, and antioxidant activity in diets for juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Food Science and Biotechnology, 19:1605–1610.
  • Klopfenstein, T.J., Erickson, G.E. and Bremer, V.R. 2008. BOARD-INVITED REVIEW: Use of distillers byproducts in the beef cattle feeding industry. Journal of Animal Science, 86:1223–1231.
  • Lanari, D. and D'Agaro, E. 2005. Alternative plant protein sources in sea bass diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 4:365–374.
  • Lara-Flores, M., Olvera-Novoa, M.A., Guzmán-Méndez, B.E. and López-Madrid, W. 2003. Use of the bacteria Streptococcus faecium and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as growth promoters in Nila tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 216:193–201.
  • Lee, S.-M. 2002. Apparent digestibility coefficients of various feed ingredients for juvenile and grower rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Aquaculture, 207:79–
  • Lim, C., Garcia, J.C., Yildirim-Aksoy, M., Klesius, P.H., Shoemaker, C.A. and Evans, J.J. 2007. Growth response and resistance to streptococcus iniae of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fed diets containing distiller’s dried grains with solubles. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 38:231–237.
  • Lim, C., Yildirim-Aksoy, M. and Klesius, P.H. 2009. Growth response and resistance to Edwardsiella ictaluri Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, fed diets containing distiller’s dried grains with solubles. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 40:182– 1
  • Li, E., Lim, C., Cai, C. and Klesius, P.H. 2011. Growth response and resistance to Streptococcus iniae of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fed diets containing different levels of wheat distillers’s dried grains with solubles with or without lysine supplementation. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 170:246–255. Li, M.H., Robinson, E.H. Oberle, D.F. and Lucas, P.M. 20 Effects of various corn distillers by-products on growth, feed efficiency, and body composition of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Aquaculture Nutrition, 16:188–193.
  • Molina-Poveda, C. and Morales, M.E. 2004. Use of a mixture of barley based fermented grains and wheat gluten as an alternative protein source in practical diets for Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone). Aquaculture Research, 35:1158–1165.
  • National Research Council [NRC], 1993. Nutrient Requirements of Fish. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  • Ng, W.K. 2003. The potential use of palm kernel meal in aquaculture feeds. Aquaculture Asia Magazine, 8:38– 39 pp.
  • Ortuño, ., uesta, A., odr guez, A., Esteban, M.A. and Meseguer, J. 2002. Oral administration of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, enhances the cellular innate immune response of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 85:41–50.
  • Pham, M.A., Lee, K.-J., Lim, S.-J. and Park, K.-H. 2007. Evaluation of cottonseed and soybean meal as partial replacement for fishmeal in diets for juvenile Japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus. Fisheries Science, 73:760–769.
  • Rahman, M.M., Choi, J. and Lee, S.-M. 2013. Influences of dietary distillers dried grain level on growth performance, body composition and biochemical parameters of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Aquaculture Research, doi: 10. 1111 / are. 121
  • Randall, K.M. and Drew, M.D. 2010. Fractionation of wheat distiller’s dried grains and solubles using sieving increases digestible nutrient content in rainbow trout. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 159:138–142.
  • Reddy, N.R. and Pierson, M.D. 1994. Reduction in antinutritional and toxic components in plant foods by fermentation. Food Research International, 27:281– 2
  • Rola, W.R. and Hasan, M.R. 2007. Economics of aquaculture feeding practices: a synthesis of case studies undertaken in six Asian countries. In Hasan MR (ed.). Economics of aquaculture feeding practices in selected Asian countries. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 505. Rome, FAO.pp.1–31.
  • Schaeffer, T.W., Brown, M.L. and Rosentrater, K.A. 2009. Performance characteristics of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets containing graded levels of fuel-based distillers dried grains with solubles. Journal of Aquaculture Feed Science and Nutrition, 1:78–83.
  • Schaeffer, T.W., Brown, M.L. and Rosentrater, K.A. 2011. Effects of dietary distillers dried grains with solubles and soybean meal on extruded pellet characteristics and growth responses of juvenile yellow perch. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 73: 270–278.
  • Seo, J.-Y., Shin, I.-S. and Lee, S.-M. 2011. Effect of dietary inclusion of various plant ingredients as an alternative for Sargassum thunbergii on growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber Apostochopus japonicas. Aquaculture Nutrition, 17:549–556.
  • Shelby, R.A., Lim, C., Yildrim-Aksoy, M. and Klesius, P.H. 200 Effect of distillers dried grains with solublesincorporated diets on growth, immune function and disease resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture Research, 39:1351–1353.
  • Skrede, A. and Nes, I.F. 1988. Slaughterhouse by-products preserved by Lactobacillus plantarum fermented as feed for mink and foxes. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 20:287–298.
  • Sun, M., Kim, Y.C., Okorie, O.E., Lee, S., Devnath, S., Yoo, G., Bai, S.C. and Jo, Y.K. 2007. Evaluation of fermented soybean curd residues as an energy source in diets for juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 38:536–542.
  • Takeda, M. and Takii, K. 1992. Gustation and nutrition in fishes: application to aquaculture. In: Hara TJ. (Ed.) Fish Chemoreception, London, UK: Chapman & Hall, pp. 271–287.
  • Thompson, K.R., Rawles, S.D., Metts, L.S., Smith, R.G., Wimsatt, A., Gannam, A.L., Twibell, R.G., Johnson, R.B., Brady, Y.J. and Webster, C.D. 2008. Digestibility of dry matter, protein, lipid, and organic matter of two fish meals, two poultry by-product meals, soybean meal, and distiller‘s dried grains with solubles in practical diets for sunshine bass, Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 39:352–363.
  • Tidwell, J.H., Webster, C.D. and Yancey, D.H. 1990. Evaluation of distiller’s grains with solubles in prepared channel catfish diets. Transactions of the Kentucky Academy of Science, 52:135–138.
  • Webster, C.D., Tidwell, J.H., Goodgame, L.S. and Johnsen, P.B. 19 Growth, body composition, and organoleptic evaluation of channel catfish fed diets containing different percentages of distillers’ grains with solubles. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 55:95– Zhou, P., Zhang, W., Davis, D.A. and Lim, C. 2010. Growth response and feed utilization of juvenile hybrid catfish fed diets containing distillers’s dried grains with solubles to replace a combination of soybean meal and corn meal. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 72: 298–303.

Use of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli)

Year 2013, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, - , 01.08.2013
https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_15

Abstract

References

  • AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), 1995. Official Methods of Analysis of Official Analytical Chemists International 16 th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
  • Ashida, T., Okimasu, E. and Amemura, A. 2002. Effects of a fermented vegetable product on hemolysis and lipid peroxidation of Japanese flounder erythrocytes. Fisheries Science, 68:1324–1329.
  • Azarm, H.M. and Lee, S.-M. 2012. Effects of partial substitution of dietary fish meal by fermented soybean meal on growth performance, amino acid and biochemical parameters of juvenile black sea bream
  • Acanthopagrus schlegeli. Aquaculture Research, doi: 1111/are.12040.
  • Barnes, M.E., Brown, M.L. and Rosentrater, K.A. 2012. Initial observations on the inclusion of high protein distillers dried grain into rainbow trout diets. The Open Fish Science Journal, 5:21–29.
  • Belyea, R.L., Rausch, K.D. and Tumbleson, M.E. 2004. Composition of corn and distillers dried grains with solubles from dry grind ethanol processing. Bioresource Technology, 94:293–298.
  • Borgeson, T.L., Racz, V.J., Wilkie, D.C., White, L.J. and Drew, M.D. 2006. Effect of replacing fishmeal and oil with simple or complex mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture Nutrition, 12:141–149.
  • Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72:248–254.
  • Cheng, Z.J. and Hardy, R.W. 2004a. Nutritional value of diets containing distiller’s dried grain with solubles for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 15:101–113.
  • Cheng, Z.J. and Hardy, R.W. 2004b. Effects of microbial phytase supplementation in corn distiller’s dried grain with solubles on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 15:83–100.
  • Chevanan, N., Rosentrater, K.A. and Muthukumarappan, K. 20 Effects of processing conditions on single screw extrusion of feed ingredients containing DDGS. Food Bioprocess Technology, 3:111–120. Coyle, S.D., Mengel, G.J., Tidwell, J.H. and Webster, C.D. 200 Evaluation of growth, feed utilization, and economics of hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus × Oreochromis aureus, fed diets containing different protein sources in combination with distillers dried grains with solubles. Aquaculture Research, 35:365– 3 Cromwell, G.L., Herkelman, K.L. and Stahly, T.S. 1993. Physical, chemical and nutritional characteristics of distillers dried grains with solubles for chicks and pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 71:679–686.
  • Cruz-Suarez, L.E., Ricque-Marie, D., Tapia-Salazar, M., McCallum, I.M. and Hickling, D. 2001. Assessment of differently processed feed pea (Pisum sativum) meals and canola meal (Brassica sp.) in diets for blue shrimp (Litopenaues stylirostris). Aquaculture, 196:87–104.
  • Duncan, D.B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F-tests. Biometrics, 11:1–42.
  • El-Saidy, D.M.S.D. and Gaber, M.M.A. 2003. Replacement of fish meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) diets. Aquaculture Research, 34:1119–1127.
  • Guo, J., Wang, Y. and Bureau, D.P. 2007. Inclusion of rendered animal ingredients as fishmeal substitutes in practical diets for cuneate drum, Nibea miichthioides (Chu, Lo et Wu). Aquaculture Nutrition, 13:81–87.
  • Kader, M.A., Koshio, S., Ishikawa, M., Yokoyama, S., Bulbul, M., Nguyen, B.T., Goa, J. and Laining, A. 20 Can fermented soybean meal and squid byproduct blend be used as fishmeal replacements for Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)? Aquaculture Research, 43:1427–1438.
  • Kiers, J.L., Van Laeken, A.E.A., Rombouts, F.M. and Nout, M.J.R. 2000. In vitro digestibility of bacillus fermented soy bean. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 60:163–169.
  • Kim, S.-S., Pham, M.A., Kim, K.-W., Son, M.-H. and Lee, K.-J. 2010. Effects of microbial fermentation of soybean on growth performances, phosphorus availability, and antioxidant activity in diets for juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Food Science and Biotechnology, 19:1605–1610.
  • Klopfenstein, T.J., Erickson, G.E. and Bremer, V.R. 2008. BOARD-INVITED REVIEW: Use of distillers byproducts in the beef cattle feeding industry. Journal of Animal Science, 86:1223–1231.
  • Lanari, D. and D'Agaro, E. 2005. Alternative plant protein sources in sea bass diets. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 4:365–374.
  • Lara-Flores, M., Olvera-Novoa, M.A., Guzmán-Méndez, B.E. and López-Madrid, W. 2003. Use of the bacteria Streptococcus faecium and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as growth promoters in Nila tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 216:193–201.
  • Lee, S.-M. 2002. Apparent digestibility coefficients of various feed ingredients for juvenile and grower rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Aquaculture, 207:79–
  • Lim, C., Garcia, J.C., Yildirim-Aksoy, M., Klesius, P.H., Shoemaker, C.A. and Evans, J.J. 2007. Growth response and resistance to streptococcus iniae of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fed diets containing distiller’s dried grains with solubles. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 38:231–237.
  • Lim, C., Yildirim-Aksoy, M. and Klesius, P.H. 2009. Growth response and resistance to Edwardsiella ictaluri Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, fed diets containing distiller’s dried grains with solubles. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 40:182– 1
  • Li, E., Lim, C., Cai, C. and Klesius, P.H. 2011. Growth response and resistance to Streptococcus iniae of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fed diets containing different levels of wheat distillers’s dried grains with solubles with or without lysine supplementation. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 170:246–255. Li, M.H., Robinson, E.H. Oberle, D.F. and Lucas, P.M. 20 Effects of various corn distillers by-products on growth, feed efficiency, and body composition of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Aquaculture Nutrition, 16:188–193.
  • Molina-Poveda, C. and Morales, M.E. 2004. Use of a mixture of barley based fermented grains and wheat gluten as an alternative protein source in practical diets for Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone). Aquaculture Research, 35:1158–1165.
  • National Research Council [NRC], 1993. Nutrient Requirements of Fish. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  • Ng, W.K. 2003. The potential use of palm kernel meal in aquaculture feeds. Aquaculture Asia Magazine, 8:38– 39 pp.
  • Ortuño, ., uesta, A., odr guez, A., Esteban, M.A. and Meseguer, J. 2002. Oral administration of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, enhances the cellular innate immune response of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 85:41–50.
  • Pham, M.A., Lee, K.-J., Lim, S.-J. and Park, K.-H. 2007. Evaluation of cottonseed and soybean meal as partial replacement for fishmeal in diets for juvenile Japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus. Fisheries Science, 73:760–769.
  • Rahman, M.M., Choi, J. and Lee, S.-M. 2013. Influences of dietary distillers dried grain level on growth performance, body composition and biochemical parameters of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Aquaculture Research, doi: 10. 1111 / are. 121
  • Randall, K.M. and Drew, M.D. 2010. Fractionation of wheat distiller’s dried grains and solubles using sieving increases digestible nutrient content in rainbow trout. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 159:138–142.
  • Reddy, N.R. and Pierson, M.D. 1994. Reduction in antinutritional and toxic components in plant foods by fermentation. Food Research International, 27:281– 2
  • Rola, W.R. and Hasan, M.R. 2007. Economics of aquaculture feeding practices: a synthesis of case studies undertaken in six Asian countries. In Hasan MR (ed.). Economics of aquaculture feeding practices in selected Asian countries. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 505. Rome, FAO.pp.1–31.
  • Schaeffer, T.W., Brown, M.L. and Rosentrater, K.A. 2009. Performance characteristics of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets containing graded levels of fuel-based distillers dried grains with solubles. Journal of Aquaculture Feed Science and Nutrition, 1:78–83.
  • Schaeffer, T.W., Brown, M.L. and Rosentrater, K.A. 2011. Effects of dietary distillers dried grains with solubles and soybean meal on extruded pellet characteristics and growth responses of juvenile yellow perch. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 73: 270–278.
  • Seo, J.-Y., Shin, I.-S. and Lee, S.-M. 2011. Effect of dietary inclusion of various plant ingredients as an alternative for Sargassum thunbergii on growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber Apostochopus japonicas. Aquaculture Nutrition, 17:549–556.
  • Shelby, R.A., Lim, C., Yildrim-Aksoy, M. and Klesius, P.H. 200 Effect of distillers dried grains with solublesincorporated diets on growth, immune function and disease resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture Research, 39:1351–1353.
  • Skrede, A. and Nes, I.F. 1988. Slaughterhouse by-products preserved by Lactobacillus plantarum fermented as feed for mink and foxes. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 20:287–298.
  • Sun, M., Kim, Y.C., Okorie, O.E., Lee, S., Devnath, S., Yoo, G., Bai, S.C. and Jo, Y.K. 2007. Evaluation of fermented soybean curd residues as an energy source in diets for juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 38:536–542.
  • Takeda, M. and Takii, K. 1992. Gustation and nutrition in fishes: application to aquaculture. In: Hara TJ. (Ed.) Fish Chemoreception, London, UK: Chapman & Hall, pp. 271–287.
  • Thompson, K.R., Rawles, S.D., Metts, L.S., Smith, R.G., Wimsatt, A., Gannam, A.L., Twibell, R.G., Johnson, R.B., Brady, Y.J. and Webster, C.D. 2008. Digestibility of dry matter, protein, lipid, and organic matter of two fish meals, two poultry by-product meals, soybean meal, and distiller‘s dried grains with solubles in practical diets for sunshine bass, Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 39:352–363.
  • Tidwell, J.H., Webster, C.D. and Yancey, D.H. 1990. Evaluation of distiller’s grains with solubles in prepared channel catfish diets. Transactions of the Kentucky Academy of Science, 52:135–138.
  • Webster, C.D., Tidwell, J.H., Goodgame, L.S. and Johnsen, P.B. 19 Growth, body composition, and organoleptic evaluation of channel catfish fed diets containing different percentages of distillers’ grains with solubles. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 55:95– Zhou, P., Zhang, W., Davis, D.A. and Lim, C. 2010. Growth response and feed utilization of juvenile hybrid catfish fed diets containing distillers’s dried grains with solubles to replace a combination of soybean meal and corn meal. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 72: 298–303.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Md Mostafizur Rahman This is me

Jin Choi This is me

Sang-min Lee This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 13 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Rahman, M. M., Choi, J., & Lee, S.-m. (2013). Use of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_15
AMA Rahman MM, Choi J, Lee Sm. Use of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. August 2013;13(4). doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_15
Chicago Rahman, Md Mostafizur, Jin Choi, and Sang-min Lee. “Use of Distillers Dried Grain As Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus Schlegeli)”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13, no. 4 (August 2013). https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_15.
EndNote Rahman MM, Choi J, Lee S-m (August 1, 2013) Use of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13 4
IEEE M. M. Rahman, J. Choi, and S.-m. Lee, “Use of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli)”, Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 13, no. 4, 2013, doi: 10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_15.
ISNAD Rahman, Md Mostafizur et al. “Use of Distillers Dried Grain As Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus Schlegeli)”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13/4 (August 2013). https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_15.
JAMA Rahman MM, Choi J, Lee S-m. Use of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2013;13. doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_15.
MLA Rahman, Md Mostafizur et al. “Use of Distillers Dried Grain As Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus Schlegeli)”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol. 13, no. 4, 2013, doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v13_4_15.
Vancouver Rahman MM, Choi J, Lee S-m. Use of Distillers Dried Grain as Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour and Corn Gluten Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2013;13(4).