Karyotype Analysis of the New Catfish Mystus ngasep (Siluriformes: Bagridae) from Manipur, India

Year 2013, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, - , 01.02.2013

Sukham Sanjabihari Singh Chingakham Brajakishor Singh Gusheinzed Waikhom

https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_21

Abstract

Karyotypic and cytogenetic characteristics of catfish Mystus ngasep, a new species of bagrid catfish described from the Northeast India, Manipur was studied for the first time by examining 200 metaphase spreads chromosome from the kidney cells of 25 healthy specimens. The diploid chromosome number of this species was 2n=56 and the total fundamental arm number was determined as NF=90. The karyotype consisted of 12 Metacentric (m), 22 Submetacentric (Sm), 8 Subtelocentric (St) and 14 Telocentric (t) chromosomes. The chromosome formula can be represented as 2n= 12m + 22Sm + 8St + 14t. No heteromorphic sex chromosomes were cytologically detected. Chromosome number, formula and karyotype of Mystus ngasep differentiate it from other closely related species. The largest chromosome in this species is a pair of metacentric chromosomes and the present study is the first report on the karyology of this particular species which will pave the way for the future studies on this line of karyology for this genus. Thus, this study is of importance in the analysis of karyotypic evolutionary trends, classification and taxonomy of the genus Mystus and better understanding of the karyotype diversity and chromosome evolution processes.

Keywords

Catfish, chromosome, metaphase

References

• M.bleekeri India (Jammu Province) 56 90 20m+14sm+10st+12t Sharma and Tripathi (1986)
• M.bleekeri India (Cachar, Assam) 56 102 32m+14sm+0st+10t Chanda (1989)
• M.ngasep India (Manipur) 56 90 12m+22sm+8st+14t Present paper M.cavasius India (Jammu province) 58 92 18m+16sm+10st+14t Sharma and Tripathi (1986)
• M.cavasius India (Bihar) 58 98 14m+26sm+4st+14t Khuda-Bukhsh et al. (1980)
• M.cavasius India (Orissa) 58 98 18m+22sm+0st+18t Tripathy and Das (1980)
• M.gulio India (West Bengal) 58 100 30m+12sm+2st+14t Manna and Khuda-Bukhsh (1978)
• M.gulio India (Maharashtra) 58 100 30m+12sm+2st+14t Das and khuda-Bukhsh (2007)
• M.tengara India 54 64 10m+0sm+0st+44t Nayyar (1966)
• M.tengara (Male) India (Harayana) 54 102 10m+38sm+0st+6t Rishi (1973)
• M.tengara (Female) India (Harayana) 54 101 9m+38sm+0st+7t Rishi (1973)
• M.vittatus India (Jammu Province) 54 96 22m+20sm+12st+0t Sharma and Tripathi (1986)
• M.vittatus India 54 102 22m+26sm+6st+0t Tripathy and Das (1980)
• M.vittatus (Type A) India (West Bengal) 54 98 20m+24sm+10st+0t Manna and Prasad (1974)
• M.vittatus (Type B) India (West Bengal) 58 84 16m+10sm+20st+12t Manna and Prasad (1974)
• M.vittatus India 50 --Srivastava and Das (1969)
• M.vittatus India 50 64 14m+0sm+0st+36t Das and Srivastava (1973)
• M.vittatus India (Tamilnadu) 54 78 6m+18sm+0st+30t Ramasamy et al. (2010)
• Alves, A.L., Oliveira, C., Nirchio, M., Granado, A. and Foresti, F. 2006. Karyotypic relationships among the tribes of Hypostominae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with description of XO sex chromosome system in a Neotropical fish species. Genetica, 128: 1-9.
• Artoni, R.F. and Bertollo, L.A.C. 2001. Trends in the karyotype evolution of Loricariidae fish (Siluriformes). Heriditas, 134: 201-210.
• Artoni, R.F., Vicari, M.R., Almeida, M.C., Moreira-Filho, O. and Bertollo, L.A.C. 2009. Karyotype diversity and fish conservation of southern field from South Brazil. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 19: 393-401. doi: 1007/s11160-009-9109-2 Barat, A. and Khuda-Bukhsh, A.R. 19 Karyomorphological studies in two species of fishes, Lepidocephalichthys guntea (fam:Cobitidae) and Mystus corsula (fam: Bagridae). Perspectives in Cytology and Genetics, 5: 115-118.
• Chanda, T. 1989. A study of chromosomes in some hill stream fishes of Assam, India. PhD thesis, Kalyani: Kalyani University.
• Darshan, A., Vishwanath, W., Mahanta, P.C. and Barat, A. 20 Mystus ngasep, a new catfish species (Teleostei: Bagridae) from the headwaters of Chindwin drainage in Manipur, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 3: 2177-2183.
• Das, B. and Srivastava, M.D.L. 1973. The meiotic chromosomes of certain Indian teleosts. Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences, India 43: 29-40.
• Das, J.K. and Khuda-Bukhsh, A.R. 2003. Karyotype, AgNOR, CMA 3 and SEM studies in a fish (Mystus tengara, Bagridae) with indication of female heterogamety. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 41: 609-613.
• Day, F. 1878. Fishes of India, being a natural history of fishes known to inhabit the seas and freshwaters of India, Burma and Ceylon, William Dawson and Sons Ltd., London, 552 pp.
• Esmaeili, H.R., Gholami, Z., Nazari, N., Gholamifard, A., Shahryari, F., Baghbani, S. and Ebrahimi, M. 2009. Karyotype analysis of an endemic sucker catfish, Glyptothorax silviae Coad, 1981 (Actinopterygii: Sisoridae), from Iran. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 33: 409-4
• Ferraris, C.J. 2007. Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes) and catalogue of siluriform primary types. Zootaxa, 1418: 1-628.
• Gold, J.R., Li, Y.C., Shipley, N.S. and Powers, P.K. 1990. Improved methods for working with fish chromosomes with a review of metaphase chromosome banding. Journal of Fish Biology, 37: 563-5
• Jayaram, K.C. 2010. The Freshwater Fishes of the Indian Region. Narendra Publication Company, New Delhi, 616 pp.
• Khuda-Bukhsh, A.R., Gupta, S.K. and Goswami, S. 1980. Karyotypic studies in Garra lamta and Mystus cavasius (Pisces). Proceedings of Indian Academy of Sciences (Animal science), 89(6): 557-562.
• Levan, A., Fredga, K. and Sandberg, A.A. 1964. Nomenclature of centromeric positions on chromosomes. Heriditas, 52: 201-220. Manna, G.K. and Khuda-Bukhsh, A.R. 19 Karyomorphological studies in three species of teleostean fishes. Cytologia, 43: 69-73.
• Manna, G.K. and Prasad, R. 1974. Cytological evidence for two forms of Mystus vittatus (Bloch) as two species. Nucleus, 17: 4-8.
• McGinley, M. 2008. Rwenzori Mountains National Park Uganda, In: J. Cleveland (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Earth, http://www.eoearth.org/article. (accessed May 9, 2012).
• Nayyar, R.P. 1966. Karyotypic studies in thirteen species of fishes. Genetica, 37: 78-92.
• Ojo, T.I., Adedapo, O.A., Adekunle, A.B., Akindayo, A.S., Adiaha, A.A.U. and Obin, A.U. 2011. Karyotypic description of six species of Clarias (Siluriformes: Clariidae) from South West Nigeria. International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 3: 2642
• Oliveira, C. and Gosztony, A.E. 2000. A cytogenetic study of Diplomystes mesembrinus (Teleostei, Siluriformes, Diplomystidae) with a discussion of chromosome evolution in Siluriforms. Caryologia, 53: 31-37.
• Ramasamy, K., Bela, Z. and Kamatchi, B. 2010. Karyotype of a Bagrid catfish, Mystus vittatus, from the freshwater system of Chidambaram, Tamilnadu, India. Science Asia, 36: 157-160.
• Rishi, K.K. 1973. Somatic karyotypes of three teleosts. Genen Phaenen, 16: 101-107.
• Rishi, K.K., Shashikala and Rishi, S. 1998. Karyotype study on six Indian hill-stream fishes. Chromosome Science, 2: 9-13.
• Sharma, O.P. and Tripathi, N.K. 1986. Karyotypic diversity in genus Mystus (Bagridae: Pisces). Cytologia, 51: 1 Srivastava, M.D.L. and Das, B. 19 Somatic chromosomes of teleostean fish. Journal of Heredity, 60: 57-58.
• Thaís, S.S., Rafael, B.N., Marta, M.C. and Roberto, F.A. 20 A comparative study of two marine catfish (Siluriformes, Ariidae): Cytogenetic tools for determining cytotaxonomy and karyotype evolution. Micron, 41: 193-197. Tripathy, N.K. and Das, C.C. 1980. Chromosomes in three species of Asian catfish. Copeia, 1980: 916-918.
• Wichian, M. and Ryoichi, A. 1988. Karyotypes of Bagrid Catfishes, Mystus wyckii and Bagroides macracanthus, from Thailand. Bulletin of National Science Museum Tokyo, Series A, 14: 113-117.
• Yu, Q. and Zhou, R. 1996. Analyses of Genetic Diversities in Chinese Fresh-water Fishes. Chinese Biodiversity, 4: 1