Öz

Kültür bitkileri için sekiz orijin merkezi vardır ve Türkiye, bu merkezlerden ikisinin, Yakın Doğu ve Akdeniz'in, kesiştiği yerdedir. Türkiye bu nedenle buğday, arpa, çavdar ve yulaf gibi ana tahıl bitkilerinin çeşitlendiği ve dağıldığı gen merkezi olarak bilinir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türk ekmeklik buğdaylarından 116 yerel buğday ırkının glüten allel sıklığı ve Glu-1 kalite skorunu belirlemektir. SDS-PAGE ve PCR, glüten allellerini tanımlamak için kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler için POPGENE 1.31 yazılımı kullanılmıştır. İncelenen Türk yerel buğday ırkları toplam 19 farklı alt birim (Glu-A1'de 3 alt birim, Glu-B1'de 11 ve Glu-D1'de 5 alt birim) ve 50 farklı kombinasyon içermektedir. En yüksek ve en düşük allel kombinasyonları sırasıyla Doğu Anadolu ve Ege bölgelerinde belirlenmiştir. Glu-A1c (% 65,11), Glu-B1b (% 53,60) ve Glu-D1a (% 58,30) en sık görülen alleller olarak tespit edilmiştir. Glu-1 kalite skoru, Türkiye genelinde incelenen genotipler için 6,07 olarak bulunmuştur. Bölgeler arasında ortalama en yüksek (7,18) ve en düşük (4,80) Glu-1 skorları sırasıyla Marmara ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgelerinde tespit edilmiştir. Çalışılan 116 aksesyondan 4 tanesi (TR32846-6, TR36948-1, TR45105 ve TR63536) kalite skoru 10 olup en yüksek Glu-1 kalite skoruna sahipken 6 tanesinin ise (TR45398-4, TR48025-3, TR33264-6, TR393-5, TR52021-3 ve TR45094) kalite skoru 9 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Daha fazla yerel çeşitlerin çalışmalara eklenmesi yeni Glu-1 allelerinin keşfedilmesine katkıda bulunabilir.

ALLELE FREQUENCY OF GLUTENIN SUBUNITS AND GLU-1 QUALITY SCORES IN SOME TURKISH BREAD WHEAT LANDRACES

Abstract

There are eight centers of origin for cultivated plants and Turkey is located in the interception of two of these centers, the Near East and the Mediterranean. Therefore, Turkey is known to be the gene center for diversification and dispersion of such main cereal crops such as wheat, barley, rye and oat. This study was performed to determine glutenin gene allele frequencies and Glu-1 quality scores of 116 local wheat landraces of Turkish bread wheat. SDS-PAGE and PCR were used to identify glutenin gene alleles. The results showed that the studied Turkish local wheat landraces contained a total of 19 different subunits (3 subunits in Glu-A1, 11 in Glu-B1 and 5 in Glu-D1) with 50 different combinations. The highest and the lowest allelic combinations were determined in East Anatolia and the Aegean regions, respectively. Glu-A1c (65.11%), Glu-B1b (53.60%) and Glu-D1a (58.30%) were the most frequent alleles. The Glu-1 quality score was found to be 6.07 for the studied genotypes. Among the regions, the highest (7.18) and the lowest (4.80) mean Glu-1 scores were detected in Marmara and Southeastern Anatolia regions, respectively. 4 accessions (TR32846-6, TR36948-1, TR45105 and TR63536) were reported to have the highest Glu-1 quality score as 10. 6 genotypes (TR45398-4, TR48025-3, TR33264-6, TR393-5, TR52021-3 and TR45094) had the quality score of 9. Including more new landraces may contribute to discover new Glu-1 alleles.

Keywords

• Gluten Allele frequency,Allele frequency,Glu-1 quality score,Turkish bread wheat landraces

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