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Rekürren Endometriyum Kanserinde Klinik ve Patolojik Özelliklerin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 47 - 55, 11.09.2025

Abstract

Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer
Özet:
Amaç:
Bu çalışmanın amacı, rekürren (nüks) endometrial kanserli hastaların klinik ve patolojik özelliklerini değerlendirmektir.
Yöntemler:
Bu retrospektif gözlemsel çalışmada, Ocak 2014 ile Aralık 2024 tarihleri arasında Akdeniz Üniversitesi Hastanesi'nde tedavi edilen 475 endometrial kanser vakası arasından histolojik veya radyolojik olarak nüks tanısı konulan 52 hasta değerlendirilmiştir. Demografik veriler, histolojik alt tipler, moleküler belirteçler, nüks bölgeleri ve klinik başvuru şekli hasta kayıtlarından elde edilmiştir.
Bulgular:
Nüks oranı %10.9 (52/475) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Tanı anındaki ortalama yaş 63.2 ± 10.1 yıl, nüks anındaki ortalama yaş ise 65.0 ± 9.7 yıldır. Nükslerin %53.8’i semptomatik, %46.2’si ise asemptomatik olarak tespit edilmiştir. En sık nüks bölgesi vajinal kaf (%23.1) olup, bunu yaygın intraabdominal nüks ve akciğer metastazları (%13.5’er) takip etmiştir. En yaygın histolojik alt tip endometrioid adenokarsinom (%46.2) olsa da, non-endometrioid tipler toplu olarak vakaların %50’sinden fazlasını oluşturmuştur. Hastaların %64.4’ünde belirgin LVSI, test yapılanların %50’sinde ise P53 mutasyonu saptanmıştır. Hastaların %19.2’sinde peritoneal sitoloji pozitifliği, %15.4’ünde ise omentum metastazı mevcuttu. Lokal (vajinal) ve uzak (pulmoner) nüksler karşılaştırıldığında, yaş, semptomatoloji ve moleküler profiller açısından belirgin farklılıklar gözlenmiştir.
Sonuç:
Bulgularımız; ileri yaş, non-endometrioid histoloji, pozitif peritoneal sitoloji, belirgin LVSI varlığı ve P53 mutasyonu gibi moleküler değişikliklerin endometrial kanser nüksü ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Nükslerin yaklaşık yarısının asemptomatik olması, yapılandırılmış ve düzenli takip protokollerinin önemini bir kez daha ortaya koymaktadır.

Abstract:
Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with recurrent endometrial cancer.
Methods:
This retrospective observational study included 52 patients with histologically or radiologically confirmed recurrence among 475 endometrial cancer cases treated between January 2014 and December 2024 at Akdeniz University Hospital. Data on demographics, histological subtypes, molecular markers, recurrence sites, and clinical presentation were collected from medical records.
Results:
The recurrence rate was 10.9% (52/475). The mean age at diagnosis was 63.2 ± 10.1 years and at recurrence was 65.0 ± 9.7 years. Recurrence was symptomatic in 53.8% and asymptomatic in 46.2% of cases. The most frequent recurrence site was the vaginal cuff (23.1%), followed by widespread intra-abdominal recurrence and lung metastases (each 13.5%). Endometrioid adenocarcinoma was the most common histological subtype (46.2%), but non-endometrioid types collectively accounted for over 50% of cases. Significant LVSI was observed in 64.4% of patients, and P53 mutation was detected in 50% of tested cases. Peritoneal cytology was positive in 19.2%, and omental metastasis was present in 15.4% of patients. Comparison of local (vaginal) and distant (pulmonary) recurrences revealed distinct patterns in age, symptomatology, and molecular profiles
Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrate that advanced age, non-endometrioid histology, positive peritoneal cytology, significant LVSI, and molecular alterations such as P53 mutation are associated with recurrence in endometrial cancer. Notably, nearly half of the recurrences were asymptomatic, underscoring the importance of structured follow-up protocols.
Keywords: Endometrial cancer, recurrence ,vaginal cuffKaynaklar
1. Åkesson Å, Adok C, Dahm-Kähler P. Recurrence and survival in endometrioid endometrial cancer – a population-based cohort study. Gynecol Oncol. 2023;168:127–134.
2. Kurra, Vikram, et al. "Typical and atypical metastatic sites of recurrent endometrial carcinoma." Cancer Imaging 13.1 (2013): 113.
3. Tronconi F, Nero C, Giudice E, et al. Advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer: State of the art and future perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2022;180:103851.
4. Cosgrove CM, et al. Endometrial cancer: who lives, who dies, can we improve their story? The Oncologist. 2021;26(12):1044–1051.
5. Gülseren V, Varol İ, Kuru Ö, et al. Recurrence and Characteristics of Endometrial Cancer in Elderly Patients. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi. 2024;10(3):494–499.
6. Demir D, et al. Yüksek Dereceli Endometrioid, Seröz ve Berrak Hücreli Endometrium Kanserli Olgularda Klinik ve Onkolojik Sonuçların Karşılaştırılması. J Gynecol Obstet Neonatol. 2024;21(1):15–22.
7. The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Integrated genomic characterization of endometrial carcinoma. Nature. 2013;497(7447):67–73. doi:10.1038/nature12113

References

  • Åkesson Å, Adok C, Dahm-Kähler P. Recurrence and survival in endometrioid endometrial cancer – a population-based cohort study. Gynecol Oncol. 2023;168:127–134.
  • Kurra V, Jagannathan JP, Krajewski KM, Giardino A, Berlin S, Ramaiya NH, et al. Typical and atypical metastatic sites of recurrent endometrial carcinoma. Cancer Imaging. 2013;13(1):113.
  • Tronconi F, Nero C, Giudice E, Gallotta V, Conte C, Fanfani F, et al. Advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer: State of the art and future perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2022;180:103851.
  • Cosgrove CM, McGuinness LA, Salter A, Siddiqui N, Clark TJ. Endometrial cancer: who lives, who dies, can we improve their story? Oncologist. 2021;26(12):1044–1051.
  • Gülseren V, Varol İ, Kuru Ö, Yılmaz M, Altın D, Dönmez Y, et al. Recurrence and characteristics of endometrial cancer in elderly patients. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi. 2024;10(3):494–499.
  • Demir D, Yılmaz E, Güneş G, Kaya B, Alkan A, Soylu E, et al. Yüksek dereceli endometrioid, seröz ve berrak hücreli endometrium kanserli olgularda klinik ve onkolojik sonuçların karşılaştırılması. J Gynecol Obstet Neonatol. 2024;21(1):15–22.
  • Levine, Douglas A., et al. “Integrated genomic characterization of endometrial carcinoma.” Nature 497.7447 (2013): 67-73.
  • Concin, Nicole, et al. “ESGO–ESTRO–ESP guidelines for the management of patients with endometrial carcinoma: update 2025.” The Lancet Oncology 26.8 (2025): e423-e435.

Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer

Year 2025, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 47 - 55, 11.09.2025

Abstract

Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer
Özet:
Amaç:
Bu çalışmanın amacı, rekürren (nüks) endometrial kanserli hastaların klinik ve patolojik özelliklerini değerlendirmektir.
Yöntemler:
Bu retrospektif gözlemsel çalışmada, Ocak 2014 ile Aralık 2024 tarihleri arasında Akdeniz Üniversitesi Hastanesi'nde tedavi edilen 475 endometrial kanser vakası arasından histolojik veya radyolojik olarak nüks tanısı konulan 52 hasta değerlendirilmiştir. Demografik veriler, histolojik alt tipler, moleküler belirteçler, nüks bölgeleri ve klinik başvuru şekli hasta kayıtlarından elde edilmiştir.
Bulgular:
Nüks oranı %10.9 (52/475) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Tanı anındaki ortalama yaş 63.2 ± 10.1 yıl, nüks anındaki ortalama yaş ise 65.0 ± 9.7 yıldır. Nükslerin %53.8’i semptomatik, %46.2’si ise asemptomatik olarak tespit edilmiştir. En sık nüks bölgesi vajinal kaf (%23.1) olup, bunu yaygın intraabdominal nüks ve akciğer metastazları (%13.5’er) takip etmiştir. En yaygın histolojik alt tip endometrioid adenokarsinom (%46.2) olsa da, non-endometrioid tipler toplu olarak vakaların %50’sinden fazlasını oluşturmuştur. Hastaların %64.4’ünde belirgin LVSI, test yapılanların %50’sinde ise P53 mutasyonu saptanmıştır. Hastaların %19.2’sinde peritoneal sitoloji pozitifliği, %15.4’ünde ise omentum metastazı mevcuttu. Lokal (vajinal) ve uzak (pulmoner) nüksler karşılaştırıldığında, yaş, semptomatoloji ve moleküler profiller açısından belirgin farklılıklar gözlenmiştir.
Sonuç:
Bulgularımız; ileri yaş, non-endometrioid histoloji, pozitif peritoneal sitoloji, belirgin LVSI varlığı ve P53 mutasyonu gibi moleküler değişikliklerin endometrial kanser nüksü ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Nükslerin yaklaşık yarısının asemptomatik olması, yapılandırılmış ve düzenli takip protokollerinin önemini bir kez daha ortaya koymaktadır.

Abstract:
Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with recurrent endometrial cancer.
Methods:
This retrospective observational study included 52 patients with histologically or radiologically confirmed recurrence among 475 endometrial cancer cases treated between January 2014 and December 2024 at Akdeniz University Hospital. Data on demographics, histological subtypes, molecular markers, recurrence sites, and clinical presentation were collected from medical records.
Results:
The recurrence rate was 10.9% (52/475). The mean age at diagnosis was 63.2 ± 10.1 years and at recurrence was 65.0 ± 9.7 years. Recurrence was symptomatic in 53.8% and asymptomatic in 46.2% of cases. The most frequent recurrence site was the vaginal cuff (23.1%), followed by widespread intra-abdominal recurrence and lung metastases (each 13.5%). Endometrioid adenocarcinoma was the most common histological subtype (46.2%), but non-endometrioid types collectively accounted for over 50% of cases. Significant LVSI was observed in 64.4% of patients, and P53 mutation was detected in 50% of tested cases. Peritoneal cytology was positive in 19.2%, and omental metastasis was present in 15.4% of patients. Comparison of local (vaginal) and distant (pulmonary) recurrences revealed distinct patterns in age, symptomatology, and molecular profiles
Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrate that advanced age, non-endometrioid histology, positive peritoneal cytology, significant LVSI, and molecular alterations such as P53 mutation are associated with recurrence in endometrial cancer. Notably, nearly half of the recurrences were asymptomatic, underscoring the importance of structured follow-up protocols.
Keywords: Endometrial cancer, recurrence ,vaginal cuff



1. Åkesson Å, Adok C, Dahm-Kähler P. Recurrence and survival in endometrioid endometrial cancer – a population-based cohort study. Gynecol Oncol. 2023;168:127–134.
2. Kurra, Vikram, et al. "Typical and atypical metastatic sites of recurrent endometrial carcinoma." Cancer Imaging 13.1 (2013): 113.
3. Tronconi F, Nero C, Giudice E, et al. Advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer: State of the art and future perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2022;180:103851.
4. Cosgrove CM, et al. Endometrial cancer: who lives, who dies, can we improve their story? The Oncologist. 2021;26(12):1044–1051.
5. Gülseren V, Varol İ, Kuru Ö, et al. Recurrence and Characteristics of Endometrial Cancer in Elderly Patients. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi. 2024;10(3):494–499.
6. Demir D, et al. Yüksek Dereceli Endometrioid, Seröz ve Berrak Hücreli Endometrium Kanserli Olgularda Klinik ve Onkolojik Sonuçların Karşılaştırılması. J Gynecol Obstet Neonatol. 2024;21(1):15–22.
7. The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Integrated genomic characterization of endometrial carcinoma. Nature. 2013;497(7447):67–73. doi:10.1038/nature12113

Ethical Statement

Ethics: Ethics committee approval for the study was approved by our local committee (Akdeniz University Clinical Research Ethics Committee Date: 29.05.2025, Decision no: TBAEK- 532)

Supporting Institution

Financial Disclosure: The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.

References

  • Åkesson Å, Adok C, Dahm-Kähler P. Recurrence and survival in endometrioid endometrial cancer – a population-based cohort study. Gynecol Oncol. 2023;168:127–134.
  • Kurra V, Jagannathan JP, Krajewski KM, Giardino A, Berlin S, Ramaiya NH, et al. Typical and atypical metastatic sites of recurrent endometrial carcinoma. Cancer Imaging. 2013;13(1):113.
  • Tronconi F, Nero C, Giudice E, Gallotta V, Conte C, Fanfani F, et al. Advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer: State of the art and future perspectives. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2022;180:103851.
  • Cosgrove CM, McGuinness LA, Salter A, Siddiqui N, Clark TJ. Endometrial cancer: who lives, who dies, can we improve their story? Oncologist. 2021;26(12):1044–1051.
  • Gülseren V, Varol İ, Kuru Ö, Yılmaz M, Altın D, Dönmez Y, et al. Recurrence and characteristics of endometrial cancer in elderly patients. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi. 2024;10(3):494–499.
  • Demir D, Yılmaz E, Güneş G, Kaya B, Alkan A, Soylu E, et al. Yüksek dereceli endometrioid, seröz ve berrak hücreli endometrium kanserli olgularda klinik ve onkolojik sonuçların karşılaştırılması. J Gynecol Obstet Neonatol. 2024;21(1):15–22.
  • Levine, Douglas A., et al. “Integrated genomic characterization of endometrial carcinoma.” Nature 497.7447 (2013): 67-73.
  • Concin, Nicole, et al. “ESGO–ESTRO–ESP guidelines for the management of patients with endometrial carcinoma: update 2025.” The Lancet Oncology 26.8 (2025): e423-e435.
There are 8 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Gynecologic Oncology Surgery
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Elif Iltar 0000-0002-8612-7533

Fatma Ceren Güner 0000-0001-8654-7426

Müge Ateş Tıkız

Selen Dogan 0000-0002-4019-5581

Aykut Tuncer

Tayup Şimşek

Early Pub Date September 12, 2025
Publication Date September 11, 2025
Submission Date July 2, 2025
Acceptance Date September 10, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 25 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Iltar, E., Güner, F. C., Ateş Tıkız, M., … Dogan, S. (2025). Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi, 25(2), 47-55.
AMA Iltar E, Güner FC, Ateş Tıkız M, Dogan S, Tuncer A, Şimşek T. Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi. September 2025;25(2):47-55.
Chicago Iltar, Elif, Fatma Ceren Güner, Müge Ateş Tıkız, Selen Dogan, Aykut Tuncer, and Tayup Şimşek. “Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer”. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi 25, no. 2 (September 2025): 47-55.
EndNote Iltar E, Güner FC, Ateş Tıkız M, Dogan S, Tuncer A, Şimşek T (September 1, 2025) Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi 25 2 47–55.
IEEE E. Iltar, F. C. Güner, M. Ateş Tıkız, S. Dogan, A. Tuncer, and T. Şimşek, “Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer”, Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 47–55, 2025.
ISNAD Iltar, Elif et al. “Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer”. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi 25/2 (September2025), 47-55.
JAMA Iltar E, Güner FC, Ateş Tıkız M, Dogan S, Tuncer A, Şimşek T. Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi. 2025;25:47–55.
MLA Iltar, Elif et al. “Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer”. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi, vol. 25, no. 2, 2025, pp. 47-55.
Vancouver Iltar E, Güner FC, Ateş Tıkız M, Dogan S, Tuncer A, Şimşek T. Evaluation of Clinical and Pathological Characteristics in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi. 2025;25(2):47-55.