Yaşlı Türk Göçmenlerin Yaşadıkları Ülkenin ve Türkiye’nin Sağlık Sistemine Yönelik Algıları: Danimarka, İngiltere ve Almanya’da Bir Alan Araştırması

Abstract

Türkiye’den Avrupa’ya göç etmiş olan bireyler, yaşlanmakta, emekli olmakta ve yılın daha fazla dönemini Türkiye’de geçirmektedirler. Bunun yanında misafir ülkenin sağlık hizmetlerinden yararlanamadıkları olanaklardan Türkiye’de yararlanmaktadırlar. Bu durum, yaşlı ve emekli göçmenlerin artması nedeniyle kalıcı hale gelmektedir. Buradan hareketle bu araştırmada Avrupa’da yaşayan göçmenlerin yaşadıkları ülkedeki ve Türkiye’deki sağlık sistemine yönelik algılarını ele almak ve sağlık hizmetleri kullanımlarına etkisini ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir. Bu betimsel nitel araştırmada 50 yaş ve üzeri Danimarka, İngiltere ve Almanya’da yaşayan 67 birey ile yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır.

Göçmenler yaşadıkları ülkenin sağlık hizmetlerinden kalitesi ve hasta merkezli hizmet yaklaşımları nedeniyle memnun olsalar da uzman doktora erişim ve dil bariyeri konusunda endişe duymaktadırlar. Araştırmada sağlık sisteminin yapısı, finansal, politik koşullar ve sağlık sisteminin avantaj ve dezavantajlarının göçmenlerin sağlık hizmetlerine yönelik algılarını etkilediği ortaya çıkmıştır ve bu koşullar göçmenlerin Türkiye’de ve yaşadıkları ülkelerde sağ hizmetleri kullanımını pragmatik olarak etkilemektedir. Katılımcılar genel olarak yaşadıkları ülkelerde sağlık hizmetlerin kalitesinin düşme, Türkiye’de ise yükselme eğiliminde olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir.

Keywords

• Yaşlı göçmenler,sağlık hizmeti,refakatçi sistemi

THE PERCEPTIONS OF ELDERLY TURKISH IMMIGRANTS OF THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS IN THEIR HOME AND HOST COUNTRIES: A FIELD STUDY FOCUSED ON DENMARK, BRITAIN AND GERMANY

Abstract

Turkish individuals migrating to European countries are aging, they retire and spent more time in Turkey. Once in Turkey, they use health care services in case of emergencies, routine checks and investigations difficult to obtain in their host countries. This practice has turned into routine with increasing number of retired immigrants.  We therefore aimed to evaluate older Turkish immigrant's perceptions of health care services in Turkey and their host countries. This descriptive qualitative study was conducted with individuals over the age of 50, who have migrated from Turkey into Britain, Denmark and Germany. A semi-structured questionnaire was conducted on 67 participants.

Overall there was a high level of satisfaction with the provision of health care services in the host countries in terms of quality and patient centered care but concerns were raised about access to specialist care and language barriers.The structure of health systems, financial and politic conditions shaping those structures and the advantages and disadvantages of the health systems in both countries were affecting perceptions of health care services and pragmatically determine preferences. Respondents agreed there had been a decrease in quality of health services in their host countries and an opposite trend for Turkey.

Keywords

• Older immigrants,health service,companionship system

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