‘’Tek Bir Gülle Yaz Gelmiyor’’ OSB Olan Çocuğa Sahip Türk Annelerin Sosyal Destek Sistemleri Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Anne olmak kadınlar için psikolojik, fizyolojik ve sosyolojik olmak üzere çok yönlü değişimleri içeren ciddi bir yaşam olayıdır. Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan bir çocuğa anne babalık etmek çoğu zaman anksiyete ve depresyon gibi mental sağlık sorunları ile ilişkili görülür. Bu nedenle, araştırmacılar, eğitimciler veya profesyoneller, OSB olan bireylerinin yanı sıra aile üyeleri üzerine de yoğunlaşmıştır. Aileye özel ihtiyaçları olan bir çocuğun katılımı, stresli ve zorlayıcı deneyimler getirebilir. Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocukların annelerinin sosyal destek sistemleri hakkında sahip olunan bilginin oldukça kısıtlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı iki yönlüdür: ilki kadınların çocuklarına ilişkin bakışaçılarının ve sosyal destek sistemlerinin keşfedilmesi ikinci olarak ise yaşam deneyimlerinin görünür kılınmasıdır. Bu amaçla çocuğu otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanısı almış ve orta yaş grubundan ve düzenli bir işte çalışmayan 11 kadın çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak yapılandırılmış, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla veri toplanmış ve içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar iki ana tema (annenin çocuğa bakış açısı ve sosyal destek sistemleri) içerisinde yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre kadınlar çoğunlukla sosyal desteğe sahip değildirler ve zaman içerisinde eşleri, aileleri ve akranları ile bağlarını kaybetmektedirler. Ayrıca çalışmaya katılan kadınların ilk yıllardan başlayarak yalnızlaştıkları ve ihtiyaç duyduklarını ifade ettikleri duygusal yakınlığa sahip olamadıkları görülmektedir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular ilgili literatür göz önüne alınarak tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

• Parenting,ASD,mother,autism spectrum disorder,social support

‘’Summer Doesn’t Come with a Single Rose’’ : A Qualitative Research of Turkish Mothers’ Social Support Systems who Have a Chıld with ASD

Abstract

Being a mother is defined as a serious life event in which women often experience physical, psychological and sociological changes. Parenting a child diagnosed with autism can be associated with a high risk of presenting mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. Therefore, researchers, educators or professionals have focused on family members, as well as ASD individuals. Involvement of a child with special needs in the family can often bring stressful and challenging experiences. The purpose of this study is twofold; first, to explore their perspectives on children and social support systems of women with children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and second, to unfold their life experiences. The study was structured using qualitative research method. Qualitative interviews were conducted with mothers of children diagnosed with ASD in Ankara, Turkey.  Interviews were conducted with 11 middle age, unemployed Turkish mothers.  Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and content analysis was used. The results are interpreted in two main themes (perspectives of mothers on their children and social support). According to the research findings, women mostly don’t have social support and they gradually lose connection to their husbands and other family members or peers. Finally, the findings obtained from the study were discussed in the light of the relevant literature. 

Keywords

• Parenting,ASD,mother,autism spectrum disorder,social support

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