ENGELLİ ÇOCUĞA SAHİP OLAN AİLELERİN YAŞAM DOYUMLARI VE DİNİ TUTUMLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ VE YAŞAM DOYUMUNU ETKİLEYEN DİĞER FAKTÖRLERİN İNCELENMESİ: KARMA ÇALIŞMA

Abstract

Bu çalışma, engelli çocuğa sahip ailelerin yaşam doyumları ile dini tutumları arasındaki ilişkiyi ve etkileyen diğer faktörleri araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, birinci aşama nicel (102 bakım veren) ve ikinci aşama nitel (9 bakım veren) olmak üzere karma desende (sıralı açıklayıcı desende) yürütülmüştür. Nicel veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Ok-Dini Tutum Ölçeği ve Diener-Yaşam Doyum Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Nitel veriler derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılarak elde edilmiştir. Yaşam doyumu ile dini tutumlar arasında pozitif fakat önemsiz bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Nitel araştırma sonucunda 5 tema; Dini inançlar, kabul nedenleri, olumsuz olma nedenleri, sorunlarla başa çıkma ve aile kabul ve desteği ile 15 alt tema belirlenmiştir. Dini tutum, insanların yaşam doyumunu olumlu yönde etkiler. Ancak insanların sadece dini tutumlarını desteklemek onların yaşam doyumlarını arttırmada yeterli değildir. Çocuğun durumunun iyileştirilmesi, yaşamındaki sorunların çözülmesi, sosyal desteğin sağlanması, sorunlarla baş etmesinin sağlanması gibi unsurların da yerine getirilmesi gerekmektedir. Çalışma sonuçlarının sağlık ve sosyal hizmet çalışanları için yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Bakım veren
• yaşam doyumu
• dini tutum

INVESTIGATING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN LIFE SATISFACTION AND RELIGIOUS ATTITUDES OF FAMILIES WITH DISABLED CHILDREN AND OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING: MIXED STUDY

Abstract

The aim of this study was conducted to determine investigating the correlation between life satisfaction and religious attitudes of families with disabled children and other factors affecting. The study was conducted in mixed design (sequential explanatory design), in which the first stage is quantitative (102 caregivers) and the second stage is qualitative (9 caregivers). The quantitative data were collected with Personal Information Form, Ok-Religious Attitude Scale and Diener-Satisfaction with Life Scale. The qualitative data were obtained by conducting the in-depth interviews. A positive but insignificant correlation was found between life satisfaction and religious attitudes. As a result of qualitative study, 5 themes; Religious beliefs, causes of acceptance, reasons for being negative, coping with problems and family acceptance and support and 15 sub-themes were prepared. Religious attitude positively affects people’s life satisfaction. However, only supporting people’s religious attitudes is not adequate to increase their life satisfaction. It is also necessary to fulfill factors such as improving the child’s condition, solving the problems in their lives, providing social support, and ensuring them to cope with the problems. It is thought that the results of the study will be a guide for health and social service workers.

Keywords

• Caregiver
• life satisfaction
• religious attitude

References

1. Addabbo, T., Sarti, E. and Sciulli, D. (2016). Disability and life satisfaction in Italy. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 11(3), 925-954.
2. Al-Aoufi, H., Al-Zyoud, N. and Shahminan, N. (2012). Islam and the cultural conceptualisation of disability. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 17(4), 205-219.
3. Batman, E. (2008). The role of the faith of fate in coping with the difficulties of life. (Unpublished Master's Thesis, Çukurova University Institute of Social Sciences).
4. Catré, M.N.C., Ferreira, J.A., Armando, J., Catré, M.C. and Pereira, M. (2019). Development and application of a short-form questionnaire for assessing spiritual, religious and personal beliefs related to quality of life (WHOQOL-SRPB-BREF) in Portugal. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 1-18.
5. Crabtree, S.A. (2007). Family responses to the social inclusion of children with developmental disabilities in the United Arab Emirates. Disability & Society, 22(1), 49-62.
6. Cengil, M. (2003). The protective role of religious belief in preventing depression. Journal of Religious Science, 2, 129-152.
7. Çubukçu, İ.A. (2012). Religion in Our Culture. http://dergiler.ankara.edu.tr/dergiler/37/774/9881.pdf (04.09.2012), 131-141.
8. Demir, G., Özcan, A. ve Kızılırmak, A. (2010). Determination of depression levels of mothers with mentally retarded children. Anatolian Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences,13(4), 53-58.

9. Diener, E., Diener, M. and Diener, C. (1995). Factors prediciting the subjective wellbeing of nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(5), 851-86.
10. Durak, M., Durak, E. ve Gencoz, T. (2010). Psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale among Turkish university students, correctional officers, and elderly adults. Social Indicators Research, 99(3), 413-429.
11. Eryücel, S. (2013). Life events and religious coping. (PhD Thesis, Ankara University Institute of Social Sciences Department of Philosophy and Religious Sciences).
12. Gallagher, S., Phillips, A.C., Lee, H. and Carroll, D. (2015). The association between spirituality and depression in parents caring for children with developmental disabilities: social support and/or last resort. Journal of Religion and Health, 54, 358-370.
13. Günsel, A.G. (2010). Investigation of family functions of families with children with mental disabilities in terms of some variables. (Master's Thesis, Ege University).
14. Kaner, S. (2001). Perceived stres, social support and life satisfaction in parents with disabled children. Ankara University Scientific Research Project Final Report, Project No: -0901-007, 2004, Ankara.
15. Kara, E. (2008). The parents having mentally retarded children and their assesment of their children’s situation in terms of religion. Ondokuz Mayıs University Review of The Faculty Of Divinity, 26, 317-331.
16. Karadağ, G. (2009). Difficulties experienced by mothers with disabled children and their perceived social support and hopelessness levels. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 8(4), 315-322.
17. Karagöz, S. (2010). Meaning and religious coping in parents of autistic children. (Unpublished Master Thesis, Marmara University Institute of Social Sciences).
18. Kula, N. (2002). Earthquake and religious coping. Gazi University Journal of Divinity Faculty, 234-255.
19. Lyu, J.H. and Cho, B. (2009). The mediating effect of gratitude in the relation between catholic youth's religiosity and well- being: The implication of gratitude for youth religious education. Journal of Human Studies, 17, 60-105.
20. Miltiades, H.B. and Pruchno, R. (2002). The effect of religious coping on caregiving appraisals of mothers of adults with developmental disabilities. Gerontologist, 42(1), 82–91.
21. Mirsaleh, Y.R., Rezai, H., Khabaz, M., Ardekani, I.A. and Abdi, K. (2018). Personality dimensions, religious tendencies and coping strategies as predictors of general health in Iranian mothers of children with ıntellectual disability: a comparison with mothers of typically developing children. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 24(6), 573-582.
22. Ok, Ü. (2011). Religious attitude scale: scale development and validity study. International Journal of Human Sciences, 8 (2), 528-549.
23. Ok, Ü. (2016). The Ok religious attitude scale (Islam): Introducing an ınstrument originated in turkish for ınternational use. Journal of Beliefsand Values, 37(1), 55-67.
24. Pargament, K.I., Ensing, D.S., Falgout K, Olsen, H., Reilly, B, Haitsma K.V. and Warren, R. (1990). God help me (I): religious coping efforts as predictors of the outcomes of significant negative life events. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18, 794–824.
25. Pargament, K.I, Olsen, H, Reilly, B, Falgout, K., Ensing, D.S. and Van Haitsma, K. (1992). God help me (II): The relationship of religious orientations to religious coping with negative life events. Journal for The Scientific Study of Religion, 31, 504–513.
26. Pargament, K.I., Smith, B.W., Koenig, H.G. and Perez, L. (1998). Patterns of positive and negative religious coping with major life stressors. Journal for The Scientific Study of Religion, 37, 710-724.
27. Parker, J.A., Mandleco, B., Roper, S.O., Freeborn, D. and Dyches, T.T. (2011). Religiosity, spirituality, and marital relationships of parents raising a typically developing child or a child with a disability. Journal of Family Nursing, 17(1), 82-104.
28. Rodrigues, S.A., Fontanella, B.J.B., Avo, L.R., Germano, C.M. and Melo, D.G. (2018). A qualitative study about quality of life in Brazilian families with children who have severe or profound intellectual disability. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32 (2), 413-426.
29. Selway, D. and Ashman, A.F. (1998). Disability, religion and health: A literature review in search of the spiritual dimensions of disability. Disability & Society, 13(3), 429-439.
30. Skinner, D.G., Correa, V., Skinner, M. and Bailey, D.B. (2001). Role of religion in the lives of Latino families of young children with developmental delays. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 106(4), 297–313.
31. Uğuz, Ş., Toros, F., İnanç, B.Y. and Çolakkadıoğlu, O. (2004). Determination of anxiety, depression and stress levels of Mothers of mentally and / or physically disabled children. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 7, 42-47.
32. Yaralılar, T. (2010). Psycho-Social Problems of families with mentally retarded children. Master Thesis, Sakarya University, Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Sakarya.
33. Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2013). Research Methods in Social Sciences, Seçkin Publishing, 9. Expanded Edition, Ankara.
34. You, S., Lee, Y. and Kwon, M. (2018). Effect of parenting stress in Korean mothers of children with disabilities on life satisfaction: Moderating effect of intrinsic religious orientation. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(3), 591-599.